Motivation and Reading Comprehension Study
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Questions and Answers

What component is NOT significantly linked to reading comprehension according to the research?

  • Strategic processing
  • Self-efficacy for reading (correct)
  • Topic knowledge
  • Motivation

What framework did the study utilize to examine the relationship between motivation and text comprehension?

  • Expectancy–Value Framework (correct)
  • Self-Determination Theory
  • Behaviorism
  • Sociocognitive Theory

Which aspect was constrained in this investigation regarding reading motivation?

  • Emotional engagement
  • Social influences
  • Cognitive load
  • Expectancy–value theory (correct)

According to the content, what motivates students to pursue certain tasks?

<p>Expectancy and value (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was an extension of prior work in reading motivation research mentioned?

<p>Greater specificity in motivational constructs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is suggested about the relationship between motivation and cognition in reading comprehension?

<p>Both cognition and motivation are equally crucial (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do the expectancy beliefs influence according to the framework discussed?

<p>Task performance and choices (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of reading motivation did Guthrie and Wigfield focus on primarily?

<p>Value components primarily (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Cronbach alpha reliability for deeper strategies?

<p>.84 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which variable was found to be a positive predictor of reading comprehension in step two?

<p>Topic knowledge (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the R² value after step one in the regression analysis?

<p>.14 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many items were used to measure the expectancy component of reading motivation?

<p>9 items (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the F-change statistic for step two of the analysis?

<p>14.93 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What component did the five items regarding the importance of reading comprehension pertain to?

<p>Value component (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the β value for the predictor 'Achievement' in step one?

<p>.37 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the reliability (Cronbach alpha) for surface strategies?

<p>.75 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary aim of the first factor in the analysis?

<p>To evaluate deeper processing of text information (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following items was not intended to assess surface processing?

<p>I created visual flashcards for studying (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of analysis was used to evaluate the data collected?

<p>Hierarchical multiple regression analysis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the dependent variable in the regression analysis?

<p>Reading comprehension measure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factors were entered in the first step of the regression analysis?

<p>Gender and grades (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the second factor identified in the analysis?

<p>It included items related to memorization and some monitoring aspects (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was indicated by items clustering around processes of rehearsal?

<p>Participants favored memorization over understanding (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How were the scores on the constructed scales normalized?

<p>By dividing by the number of items (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one method used in Concept-Oriented Reading Instruction to enhance motivation for reading comprehension?

<p>Collaborative reading (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best describes the approach to reading comprehension highlighted in the content?

<p>It emphasizes the importance of collaborative engagement. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible outcome of decreased academic motivation over school years?

<p>Challenges in reading comprehension (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can students ensure they have understood the reading material according to the content?

<p>By practicing self-testing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which technique did the individual use to try to retain important information from the readings?

<p>Reciting facts repeatedly (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the decline in academic motivation imply for educators?

<p>There is a need for targeted motivational interventions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT implied as a reading strategy for enhancing understanding?

<p>Ignoring difficult vocabulary (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What indicates a student’s belief in their capability to understand complex texts?

<p>High self-efficacy regarding comprehension (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a benefit of understanding reading comprehension as stated in the content?

<p>It supports learning in all subjects. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a predictor of reading comprehension?

<p>Physical state (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What instructional approach is highlighted for enhancing reading engagement and comprehension?

<p>Concept-oriented reading instruction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What sentiment is expressed regarding understanding textbooks?

<p>It's important to strive for understanding despite difficulties. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements suggests a lack of confidence in reading capabilities?

<p>I will probably have problems understanding textbooks. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following authors is associated with the research on reading motivation?

<p>Guthrie (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a likely consequence of poor reading comprehension as suggested in the content?

<p>Difficulty with academic performance. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is considered a predictor of text comprehension?

<p>Reading amount (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factor is suggested to have the greatest influence on understanding according to Alexander and Jetton?

<p>Prior knowledge (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What two forms of prior knowledge did Alexander and Jetton identify?

<p>Domain knowledge and topic knowledge (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does topic knowledge specifically refer to?

<p>Knowledge about certain subject-matter concepts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is considered when determining text difficulty?

<p>Readability score based on word and sentence length (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the study, what was controlled statistically in relation to students?

<p>Achievement in the domain and topic knowledge (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant outcome concerning students' motivation in the study?

<p>Motivation did not guarantee study participation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What readability score range indicates a very difficult text?

<p>50-60 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which formula was used as an indication of text difficulty in the study?

<p>Björnsson's formula (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Reading Comprehension

Understanding the meaning of written text.

Motivation's Role in Comprehension

Motivation,interest, and engagement are important parts of efficiently comprehending complicated text.

Expectancy-Value Model

A model that shows how students' expectations and beliefs about their ability, and value of the tasks, affect their learning and choices.

Self-Efficacy for Reading

A reader's belief in their ability to succeed in reading tasks.

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Achievement in Domain

Previous success in related subjects or skills.

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Topic Knowledge

Understanding about the subject matter in the text.

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Strategic Processing

Reading techniques to help understand the text.

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Reading Task Value

The value or importance a student gives to reading tasks.

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Prior knowledge

Existing knowledge in a subject area that significantly impacts understanding.

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Domain knowledge

Broad knowledge within a specific subject area.

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Achievement

Performance level in a particular domain.

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Reading Motivation

The drive or interest students have for reading.

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Text Comprehension

The ability to understand and process the information presented in a text.

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Readability Score

A measure of text difficulty based on factors like word and sentence length.

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Two Factors of Text Processing

The study identified two main ways people process text information: 'deeper processing' (organizing, elaborating, and monitoring) and 'surface processing' (memorization and repetition).

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Strategy Inventory Factors

The study's strategy inventory clearly separated strategies related to 'deeper processing' from those associated with 'surface processing'.

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Hierarchical Multiple Regression

A statistical method used to determine how different factors (e.g., gender, grades, strategies) relate to a specific outcome (e.g., reading comprehension).

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Dependent Variable

The variable being measured or predicted in a study. In this case, reading comprehension.

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Independent Variables

Variables that are controlled or observed in a study to see their effect on the dependent variable. In this study, these included gender, grades, topic knowledge, strategies, reading efficacy, and task value.

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Group-Administered Materials

The participants completed a series of tests and measures in a specific order (e.g., reading motivation, topic knowledge, strategies).

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Reading Comprehension Measure

A specific test used to assess individuals' understanding of a particular text.

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100 Participants

The number of participants whose data was used in the final regression analysis after removing missing values.

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What does Cronbach's alpha measure?

Cronbach's alpha is used to assess the internal consistency reliability of a psychometric test, indicating how well the items within a test measure the same construct.

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What are "deeper strategies" in reading comprehension?

Deeper reading strategies involve actively engaging with the text, such as analyzing, inferring, and evaluating information.

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What are "surface strategies" in reading comprehension?

Surface strategies involve basic reading skills, like recognizing words, understanding their meaning, and reading sentences fluently.

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Expectancy component of reading motivation

This component refers to a student's belief in their ability to succeed in reading comprehension tasks.

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Value component of reading motivation

This component involves a student's perceived importance, usefulness, and enjoyment of reading comprehension.

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How does domain achievement influence reading comprehension?

Students with strong prior knowledge and skills in a subject area are more likely to comprehend text on that topic.

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How does topic knowledge influence reading comprehension?

Readers who are familiar with the topic of a text are better able to understand its meaning and make connections.

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What does hierarchical regression analysis tell us about the relationship between variables?

This statistical technique helps determine the unique contribution of each predictor variable to the outcome variable, controlling for other variables.

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CORI

A teaching approach that aims to improve students' motivation and comprehension by engaging them in collaborative reading and text discussions.

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Academic Motivation

The internal drive or enthusiasm that students have for learning and engaging in academic tasks.

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Collaborative Reading

A learning technique where students work together to read and discuss a text, sharing ideas and insights.

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Reading Motivation Decline

A decrease in students' enthusiasm and drive for reading as they progress through school.

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Concept-Oriented Reading Instruction (CORI)

A teaching method focused on improving reading comprehension and motivation by engaging students in collaborative reading and text discussions.

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What influences reading comprehension?

Several factors impact reading comprehension, including motivation, self-efficacy, prior knowledge, and strategies used.

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Deep Processing Strategies

Active engagement with the text, involving analyzing, inferring, and evaluating information to understand its meaning.

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Surface Processing Strategies

Basic reading skills, like word recognition, understanding meaning, and fluent reading.

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Study Notes

Motivation for Reading Comprehension

  • Study examined the relationship between reading motivation and reading comprehension in 104 Norwegian 9th graders.
  • Researchers used hierarchical multiple regression analysis to control for various factors affecting comprehension, including gender, prior achievement, topic knowledge, and reading strategies.
  • Results indicate that even after controlling for these factors, reading motivation constructs still predict comprehension.
  • Reading task value was a significant positive predictor.
  • Reading efficacy was not significantly related to reading comprehension.
  • Researchers suggest the importance of promoting motivation alongside cognitive strategies for better comprehension.

Methodology

  • Participants: 104 ninth-grade students (50.5% female, 49.5% male) from four junior high schools in Norway.
  • Text: 891-word social studies text, covering socialization topics in secondary school.
  • Readability: 38.8 (using Björnsson's formula; 20 = very easy, 60 = very difficult)
  • Achievement in Domain: Students' self-reported grades in social studies.
  • Topic Knowledge: 12-item multiple-choice test measuring depth of knowledge.
  • Strategic Processing: 20-item inventory assessing strategies (surface and deeper levels).
  • Reading Motivation:
    • Efficacy: Nine items measuring belief in one's ability to comprehend.
    • Task Value: 18 items measuring importance, usefulness, and interest in reading comprehension.
  • Reading Comprehension: 18-item multiple-choice test measuring comprehension.
  • Procedure: Materials presented sequentially (reading motivation, topic knowledge, text, strategy use, comprehension)

Results

  • Hierarchical Regression:
    • Step 1: Gender and achievement entered, explaining 14% of the variance.
    • Step 2: Topic knowledge and reading strategies added, increasing explained variance to 42%.
    • Step 3: Reading motivation added. Reading task value was significantly related (24% additional explained variance); reading efficacy was not.

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Description

This quiz explores the relationship between reading motivation and comprehension based on a study involving 104 ninth graders in Norway. It examines how factors such as gender, prior achievement, and reading strategies impact comprehension outcomes. The findings emphasize the significance of promoting motivation within educational strategies for enhancing reading skills.

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