Motivation and Emotional Processes - Part 2

Emotions are conscious experiences triggered by specific situations, accompanied by changes in physical and mental states.

This component involves how we understand and interpret our feelings. It's the subjective experience of an emotion, often influenced by our thoughts and beliefs.

Expressive behaviors are the outward displays of emotions, including facial expressions, vocal tones, and body language.

Facial expressions, like smiling or frowning, can reveal emotions.

The way we speak, whether it's a scream, a whisper, or a monotone, can convey our emotional state.

Body language, including gestures, posture, and movement, can signal emotions.

These changes are triggered by the nervous system and hormones. They include things like increased heart rate, sweating, or muscle tension.

Emotions are not just physical reactions; they're also about our conscious experience of feeling. Recognizing and understanding these feelings is crucial for assessing emotions.

The knowledge of emotions is vital for healthcare professionals to understand their patients' experiences, communicate effectively, and provide better care.

The ability to maintain emotional stability when faced with internal or external stressors.

Changes in facial expressions, body movements, gestures, and voice are all examples of external changes that occur during emotional states.

The body's automatic response system that controls involuntary functions like heart rate and breathing. It regulates emotions by releasing hormones like adrenaline.

Internal changes during emotional states include changes in heart rate, blood pressure, and breathing patterns.

Emotional states can influence how we perceive, learn, remember, and be conscious of our surroundings.

The part of the autonomic nervous system that activates in stressful situations, causing physical changes like increased heart rate and breathing. It prepares you to react to danger.

The part of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body after a stressful situation, slowing down heart rate and breathing.

Emotions tend to have a clear beginning and end, and usually don't last very long.

Brain regions that play a crucial role in emotions. The hypothalamus regulates basic needs, while the limbic system processes emotions like fear and pleasure.

We can experience emotions as positive (e.g., joy), negative (e.g., sadness), or a mixture of both.

A part of the limbic system involved in recognizing and responding to threats, leading to reactions like fear, aggression, or fleeing.

The intensity of emotional experiences can vary, from mild to intense.

The state of experiencing intense negative feelings caused by perceived danger or threat.

Our thoughts and assessments of situations contribute to our emotional experiences.

Emotions can direct our attention towards certain things and away from others.

A state of general unease and worry, often accompanied by physical symptoms like tension and difficulty concentrating.

A positive emotion associated with satisfaction, joy, and contentment.

Emotions motivate us to act in certain ways.

A complex emotional response to something perceived as unpleasant or distasteful. It can be triggered by physical experiences or personal beliefs.

Emotions are often involuntary, but we can learn to manage their intensity and impact through cognitive reappraisal.

A feeling of revulsion or disgust triggered by witnessing someone engaging in behaviour considered immoral or distasteful.

A physiological response that occurs when we experience emotions, such as sweating. It is used by polygraphs to detect deception.

A device used to detect deception by measuring physiological changes, such as heart rate, blood pressure, and skin conductivity.

Intense or prolonged emotions can disrupt thoughts and behavior, leading to physical and mental health problems.

Physical illnesses, such as high blood pressure or ulcers, caused by prolonged emotional stress.

Health professionals need to understand their own emotions to effectively care for patients. Knowledge of emotions helps control personal reactions and better support patients.

Emotions help us prepare for immediate threats by triggering the "fight-or-flight" response, ensuring our survival.

Emotions shape our future behavior by influencing our learning. We avoid situations that caused negative emotions, helping us stay safe.

Emotions help us communicate with others through our verbal and nonverbal actions, making our feelings clear.

The James-Lange Theory proposes that we feel emotions after our bodies react physically to an event.

The James-Lange Theory suggests that our physical reactions, like a racing heart, trigger our emotional experience. They are not simultaneous.

The Cannon-Bard Theory suggests that emotions are felt at the same time as the body reacts, but it doesn't consider the role of thoughts in this process.

The Schachter-Singer Theory states that we first experience physiological arousal, then label it based on our understanding of the situation.

The Schachter-Singer Theory suggests that understanding the context of a situation is crucial for labeling and experiencing emotions.

The Lazarus Theory proposes emotions are triggered by our thoughts about a situation, before our bodies even react.

The Lazarus Theory emphasizes the power of our thinking and interpretation in determining how we feel.