Motivation and Emotion Quiz

What is the process that starts, directs, and continues activities to meet needs or wants?

Define the type of motivation that leads to an outcome that is separate from the person.

What kind of motivation arises from the satisfaction of the act itself?

What are biologically determined patterns of behavior in both humans and animals?

What is the approach to motivation that believes humans are governed by instincts similar to those of animals?

What is a requirement for the survival of an organism?

What is the psychological tension and physical arousal caused by an unmet need?

What theory of motivation assumes that behavior is driven by physiological needs that cause internal drives to reduce tension and arousal?

What are drives that involve the basic needs of the body, such as hunger and thirst?

What kind of drives are learned through experience and conditioning, such as the need for money or social approval?

Define the tendency of the body to maintain a steady state.

What is a motive that appears unlearned but leads to an increase in stimulation?

What theory of motivation states that individuals seek an optimal level of tension that they maintain by adjusting stimulation?

What law describes the relationship between arousal and performance, stating that moderate levels lead to better performance than low or high levels?

What are things that attract or entice people into action?

What type of theories of motivation explain behavior as a response to external stimuli and their rewarding properties?

According to Maslow, what is the point at which people have fulfilled their lower needs and achieved their full human potential?

What is the specific weight level that the body naturally tries to maintain?

What is the rate at which the body burns energy while resting?

Define the feeling aspect of consciousness, characterized by physical arousal, outward behavior, and inner awareness of feelings.

What theory of emotion proposes that a physiological reaction precedes the labeling of an emotion, meaning "I am afraid because I am shaking"?

What theory states that the physiological reaction and emotional experience happen simultaneously, meaning "I am shaking and afraid at the same time"?

What theory of emotion emphasizes both physical arousal and cognitive labeling of that arousal based on environmental cues, meaning "That huge bear is dangerous and that makes me feel afraid"?

What is the name of the humanist theory of motivation that suggests we must fulfill lower-level needs before achieving personal fulfillment and self-actualization?

What part of the hypothalamus stops the eating response and signals fullness?

What part of the hypothalamus initiates the eating response and signals hunger?

What is the desire for significant accomplishment and mastery of things, people, or ideas?

Our tendency to form judgments relative to a neutral level defined by our prior experience is known as what?

Define a system that electronically records, amplifies, and feeds back information regarding subtle physiological states, such as blood pressure or muscle tension.

What is the term for emotional release, often associated with venting or expressing pent-up emotions?

What refers to the methods we use to alleviate stress, whether emotional, cognitive, or behavioral?

What is the coping strategy that involves avoiding or ignoring a stressor and attending to our emotional needs related to the stress?

What is the female sex hormone?

What refers to the tendency to be helpful when in a good mood?

What is a state of complete immersion and focus in an activity, with diminished awareness of self and time, resulting from optimal engagement of skills?

What is the name of the model that describes the body's response to chronic stress, including the alarm, resistance, and exhaustion phases?

What is a simple sugar that is an important source of energy?

What subfield of psychology contributes to behavioral medicine by investigating the link between psychology and health?

What is a machine that measures physiological responses associated with emotion, often used to detect lies?

What is the coping strategy that involves directly changing the stressor or our interaction with the stressor?

What field of study investigates how psychological, neural, and endocrine processes interact to influence the immune system and overall health?

What is the term for any stress-related physical illness, such as hypertension or certain headaches?

What is the resting period after orgasm during which a man cannot achieve another orgasm?

What is the perception that one is worse off compared to those they compare themselves with?

Define a problem that consistently impairs sexual arousal or functioning.

What is an enduring sexual attraction towards members of one's own sex (homosexual orientation) or the other sex (heterosexual orientation)?

What are the four stages of sexual responding described by Masters and Johnson, including excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution?

What kind of leadership focuses on building teamwork, mediating conflicts, and offering support?

Define a nonspecific, emotional response to real or imagined challenges or threats, resulting from a cognitive appraisal by the individual.

What is a structured interview process that asks the same job-relevant questions to all applicants, with ratings based on established scales?

What is self-perceived happiness or satisfaction with life, often used alongside objective well-being measures?

What type of leadership is goal-oriented, focusing on setting standards, organizing work, and directing attention to goals?

What is the male sex hormone, playing a role in the development of male sexual characteristics?

What personality type is characterized by being competitive, hard-driving, impatient, and prone to anger?

Characterized by being easygoing and relaxed, this personality type contrasts with Type A.

Known for his work on the unconscious mind, who is considered the father of psychoanalysis?

What theory developed by Freud attempts to explain personality, motivation, and mental disorders by focusing on unconscious determinants of behavior?

What level of the mind contains thoughts, feelings, memories, and information that is not easily accessible to consciousness?

In Freud's theory, what is the reservoir of unconscious psychic energy that strives to satisfy basic drives, operating on the pleasure principle?

What part of personality represents internalized ideals and provides standards for judgment and aspirations?

In Freud's theory, which part of personality acts as the mediator between the demands of the Id, Superego, and reality, operating on the reality principle?

In psychoanalysis, what method involves exploring the unconscious by having the person relax and freely say whatever comes to mind?

What process proposed by Freud describes the development of pleasure-seeking urges focusing on different erogenous zones as humans progress through five stages of life?

What are the ego's protective methods of reducing anxiety by unconsciously distorting reality according to psychoanalytic theory?

What is Carl Jung's concept of a shared, inherited reservoir of memory traces from our species' history?

According to Adler, what is a basic feeling of inadequacy stemming from childhood experiences?

What type of personality tests, such as the Rorschach or TAT, use ambiguous stimuli to trigger projections of inner dynamics?

What historically significant perspective emphasized the growth potential of healthy people and the individual's potential for personal growth?

What is the term for all our thoughts and feelings about ourselves, in answer to the question "Who am I?"?

What is the state of congruence in Carl Rogers's self-concept theory, where the real self and ideal self merge together?

In Rogers's theory, what is an attitude of total acceptance toward another person, regardless of their behavior or flaws?

What refers to the ability to understand and share the feelings of another?

What theoretical views emphasize that personality consists of broad, enduring dispositions (traits) that lead to characteristic responses?

What is a statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related items (called factors) on a test, used to identify dimensions of performance underlying a total score?

What type of psychological test involves comparing a person's responses to standardized questions to established norms, like the MMPI?

What are the five broad personality traits often used to describe and measure personality, often referred to as OCEAN?

What theory describes the interacting influences of behavior, internal cognition, and environment?

What is the perception that chance or outside forces beyond your control determine your fate?

What is the perception that you control your own fate and determine your own outcomes?

What refers to one's sense of competence and effectiveness in a particular situation?

What conflict arises from having to choose between two attractive alternatives?

What conflict occurs when a person must choose or not choose a goal that has both positive and negative aspects?

What conflict is a result of having to choose between two undesirable alternatives?

Our feelings of high or low self-worth are reflected in what?

What are models of people, behaviors, or personalities according to Carl Jung?

Define emotionally charged networks of ideas, often stemming from unresolved conflicts, as used in Jungian psychology.

What refers to the tendency for people to see themselves in vague, generalized descriptions of personality?

What is a person's characteristic emotional reactivity and intensity?

According to William Sheldon's theory, what is the idea that body type influences personality?

Define the process by which activities are started, directed, and continued.