Podcast
Questions and Answers
What was the basic social psychological problem of mothering twins during the first year of life?
Life on hold
Which of the following are the phases mothers of twins progressed through to resume their lives? (Select all that apply)
What are the three conditions associated with the draining power phase?
Unrelenting demands, vanishing time, torn between two
What did mothers often describe the first 3 months of caring for twins as?
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What is a critical strategy used by mothers of twins to survive the first year?
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Mothers of twins often had more time for themselves than mothers with single infants.
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Mothers needed to shift priorities to make the care of the twins number one, often leading to the _______ of house cleaning.
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What milestone often marked the beginning of mothers feeling more manageable after the birth of twins?
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What are two consequences mothers experienced as they began to resume their lives?
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What is the basic social psychological problem mothers of twins experience during the first year of their twins' lives?
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What are the four stages mothers of twins progress through to resume their own lives?
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What percentage of mothers experienced inadequate sleep while raising twins, according to a study in Taiwan?
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What method was used to conduct this qualitative research?
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The primary support for this research was obtained from the University of Connecticut Research Foundation.
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What did Holditch-Davis and Roberts (1999) report about mothers of multiples?
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During what time frame is the most vulnerable period for mothers of twins?
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What is one major source of stress for parents of twins identified in the studies?
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Mothers of twins commonly expressed concern over lack of time.
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What was the mean age of the mothers interviewed in the study?
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What is 'maternal justice' as described by Anderson and Anderson (1990)?
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What is the term used to describe the need for mothers to treat twins equally?
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What was identified as a source of stress for parents of twins by Williams and Medalie (1994)?
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Which research model focuses on social interactions among individuals?
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The cornerstone of survival with twins during the first year of life is establishing a ______.
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The percentage of mothers of multiples experiencing postpartum depression is lower than that of singletons.
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What coping method was most often used by mothers in Kaplan’s (1998) study?
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What do mothers of multiples need most according to Chang (1990)?
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Match the following authors with their key findings on parenting multiples:
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What is the main focus of the ethnonursing study discussed?
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What are the three universal themes identified in the study?
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The American Diabetes Association recognizes PCOS as a risk factor for type 1 diabetes.
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What does historical trauma refer to in the context of American Indian women?
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Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a chronic, ______ disorder.
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What were key informants in the study primarily interviewed about?
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What is the main focus of Rebecca Carron's study?
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Which publication discussed the criteria and prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome?
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Polycystic ovary syndrome is only a metabolic disorder.
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What is one of the major health challenges mentioned for American Indian women?
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Match the following studies or articles with their main topics:
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What is required for a PCOS diagnosis according to the Rotterdam criteria?
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Conditions that mimic PCOS such as thyroid disease need to be excluded for a PCOS diagnosis.
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What are the six qualitative criteria used by the research team to substantiate data?
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The average body mass index of the key informants was _____ kg/m2.
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How many key informants in the study were trying to become pregnant?
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What were the three universal themes identified in the study?
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Match the following themes with their corresponding patterns:
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All key informants felt satisfied with the health care services they received for PCOS.
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One of the barriers for women with PCOS regarding social activities is irregular and _____ menses.
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What did key informants express frustration about regarding their diagnoses?
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What were common self-management strategies for PCOS mentioned?
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What type of diet did a key informant refer to as beneficial for PCOS?
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All key informants believed that support groups for women with PCOS would be helpful.
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What was a major issue mentioned by key informants related to weight management?
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Which condition was mentioned as stigmatizing and affected by PCOS symptoms?
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What did key informants want increased awareness about?
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Key informants expressed the need for more ______ care options for PCOS.
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All key informants strongly adhered to traditional health beliefs.
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What was one common tribal belief related to health conditions?
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What substance did key informants struggle to eliminate from their diet?
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Historical _________ trauma can influence health attitudes.
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Study Notes
Releasing the Pause Button: Mothering Twins During the First Year of Life
- Problem: Mothers of twins experience a "life on hold" feeling during the first year postpartum.
- Process: Mothers use a four-stage process to "release the pause button:" (a) draining power, (b) pausing own life, (c) striving to reset, and (d) resuming own life.
- Vulnerable Period: Initial 3 months postpartum is the most vulnerable for twin mothers.
- Multiple Births Increase: Twin births have increased by 33% and triplet-plus births by 178% since the 1970s. In vitro fertilization contributes to this.
- Nursing Challenges: Optimal care for high-risk multiple-birth families requires nurses to understand the unique problems and needs of these families.
Review of the Literature
- Qualitative Studies: Most studies focused on mothers of multiples were from outside the US, in France, Great Britain, Italy, Israel, Taiwan.
- Issues: Ambivalence, dealing with unusual demands, and difficulty relating to multiple children.
- Solutions: Practical time and energy saving measures, treatment of children equally, establishing egalitarian relationships, and developing standardized child care routines.
- Problems Identified in Taiwan: Inadequate sleep (49%), lack of time for other children (43%), mood fluctuations (39%), marital relationship problems (22%), and financial strain (18%).
- Focus on Specific Social Psychological Problems: Research on social psychological problems particular to twin mothers and the processes they use to resolve them.
- US Studies: A survey of 104 mothers of twins found issues with daily household tasks (40+% experiencing difficulty) and sleep (64%).
- Cross-cultural Concerns: Stress and depression can impact >25% of multiple-birth parents prenatally and postnatally. Factors include premature deliveries, sleep deprivation, social isolation, and constant demands.
Method
- Research Questions: Investigate the specific basic social psychological problem mothers of twins encounter during the first year after delivery, and the social-psychological process they use to address it.
- Research Design: Grounded theory, using symbolic interactionism as a framework.
- Participants: 16 married mothers of twins, ranging from 24 to 43 years, attending Parents of Multiples Group meetings; varying ethnicity and parity.
- Data Collection: Combination of participant observation (at meetings and in the homes) and semi-structured interviews.
- Data Analysis: Constant comparative method using substantive and theoretical coding.
Results
- Problem: Life on hold.
- Process: Releasing the pause button (four phases): (a) Draining power, (b) pausing life, (c) striving to reset, (d) resuming life.
- Strategies in Striving to Reset: Establishing a routine, shifting priorities, marshaling help, and problem solving.
- Phase 1 (Draining Power): Mothers describe overwhelming demands, vanishing time, and feeling torn between the two babies.
- Phase 2 (Pausing Own Life): Mothers experience a blurring of days, feeling confined, and a sense of self-surrender.
- Phase 3 (Striving to Reset): Mothers adopt strategies such as establishing routines, seeking help, prioritizing tasks, and learning to solve problems creatively.
- Phase 4 (Resuming Own Life): Mothers regain a sense of manageability and reap the blessings of mothering their twins as they get older.
Discussion
- Comparison with Previous Research: Research confirms the challenges of mothering multiples.
- Theoretical Contribution: A comprehensive understanding of the process mothers utilize to adjust to the challenging dual parenting dynamic.
- Implications: The research highlights the need for support and interventions, particularly in the most vulnerable period.
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Description
Explore the unique challenges and experiences mothers face during the first year of life with twins. This quiz covers the four-stage process of adapting to life with multiples and insights from qualitative studies. Discover how nursing challenges and increased twin births impact maternal experiences.