Monosaccharides: Structure and Classification
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Questions and Answers

What is the orientation of the bulky R group in a Haworth projection when the OH group engaged in a nucleophilic attack is on the right-hand side in the straight chain Fisher diagram?

  • Parallel to the ring
  • Perpendicular to the ring
  • Pointed up (correct)
  • Pointed down

    • What is the simplest rule for determining the orientation of OH groups in a Haworth projection?

  • If they are pointing up in the Fisher straight chain form, they point up in the Haworth form
  • If they are pointing to the left in the Fisher straight chain form, they point up in the Haworth form
  • If they are pointing down in the Fisher straight chain form, they point down in the Haworth form
  • If they are pointing to the right in the Fisher straight chain form, they point down in the Haworth form (correct)

    • What is the relationship between D-glyceraldehyde and D sugars?

  • D sugars are unrelated to D-glyceraldehyde
  • D sugars are diastereomers of D-glyceraldehyde
  • D sugars are related to D-glyceraldehyde at their last asymmetric center (correct)
  • D sugars are enantiomers of D-glyceraldehyde

    • What is the prefix 'L' referring to in a sugar molecule?

    <p>The mirror image of a D sugar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Haworth projection?

    <p>To show the relationship between the anomeric OH and the OH on the last chiral C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to know the correct orientation of the bulky R group in a Haworth projection?

    <p>To determine the stereochemistry of the molecule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum number of carbon atoms required in a simple sugar molecule?

    <p>Three</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of reaction occurs to form the ring structure in a sugar molecule?

    <p>Intramolecular nucleophilic attack</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fate of the carbonyl oxygen during the ring formation in a sugar molecule?

    <p>It becomes an OH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the predominant form of glucose in solution?

    <p>Pyranose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the exclusive form of glucose in polysaccharides?

    <p>Pyranose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of using Fisher projections to represent sugar molecules?

    <p>It is easier to visualize for 3C molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When drawing the wedge and dash line of a molecule, how should the C atoms adjacent to the one of interest be oriented?

    <p>Pointing down</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about the orientation of the OH group in the Fisher projection and the wedge and dash drawing?

    <p>If the OH points right in the Fisher, it points right in the wedge and dash</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a unique feature of b-D-glucopyranose among aldohexoses?

    <p>It has all its bulky substituents in equatorial positions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do substituents that point to the right in the Fisher structure appear in the Haworth projection?

    <p>They point down</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the orientation of the OH on the a-anomer in the Haworth projection?

    <p>It points down</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of the Haworth projection over the Fisher projection?

    <p>It is more realistic</p> Signup and view all the answers

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