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Questions and Answers
What is the primary focus of monitoring in a project?
What is the primary focus of monitoring in a project?
To ensure that inputs, activities and outputs proceed according to plan and to provide record of inputs, activities, and outputs.
What is the purpose of identifying the different units involved in planning and implementation in monitoring?
What is the purpose of identifying the different units involved in planning and implementation in monitoring?
To identify the roles and responsibilities of each unit and to determine the feedback required.
What is the main difference between monitoring and evaluation?
What is the main difference between monitoring and evaluation?
Monitoring focuses on the process of implementing a project, whereas evaluation focuses on the outcome and impact of the project.
What are the five strategic evaluation questions?
What are the five strategic evaluation questions?
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What is the principle of evaluation that emphasizes the importance of timing in the evaluation process?
What is the principle of evaluation that emphasizes the importance of timing in the evaluation process?
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Study Notes
Monitoring and Evaluation
- Monitoring and evaluation (M&E) is a set of techniques used in project management to establish controls and ensure a project stays on track.
What is Monitoring?
- Monitoring is the systematic and continuous collection, analysis, and use of information for management control and decision-making.
- It involves reporting progress on activities at suitable intervals and provides feedback for planning and updated implementation approaches.
- Monitoring is an integral part of day-to-day management, and it helps identify and solve implementation problems.
Approaches to Monitoring and Evaluation
- Conceptual frameworks: examine relationships between all possible factors that may influence program results.
- Results Framework: examines relationships between activities, objectives, and goals.
- The Logical Framework: examines relationships between inputs, activities, outputs, outcomes, and impacts.
Monitoring Includes
- Looking into the process, selection of beneficiaries, and procedures.
- Meeting targets, continuous information collection, and reporting for decision-making.
- Ensuring the program is going in the right direction as planned.
One-Line Definition
- Monitoring is the recording of "whether the right thing is being delivered to the right people at the right time in the right way (process)".
Monitoring Tools
- Staff meetings, partner meetings, participatory reviews, monitoring and supervision missions, and progress reports.
Goals of Monitoring
- Ensure inputs, activities, and outputs proceed according to plan.
- Determine whether inputs are optimally utilized.
- Ensure all activities are carried out by the right people and in the right time.
- Provide a record of inputs, activities, and outputs.
- Assist managers in making decisions.
Steps in Monitoring
- Identify units involved in planning and implementation.
- Identify items on which feedback is required.
- Determine the periodicity of reporting.
- Fix the responsibility of reporting at different levels.
- Process and analyze reports.
- Identify critical areas in implementation.
- Provide feedback for corrective measures.
Methods/Techniques of Monitoring
- First-hand information, formal reports, project status reports, project schedule charts, project financial status reports, informal reports, and graphic presentations.
Meaning of Evaluation
- Evaluation means finding out the value of something.
- Evaluation refers to procedures of fact-finding.
- Evaluation consists of assessments of conformity with professional standards.
- Evaluation provides systematic, reliable, and valid information on the conduct, impact, and effectiveness of projects.
Five Strategic Evaluation Questions
- Relevance: are the objectives consistent with beneficiaries' requirements and partner's and donor's policies?
- Effectiveness: are the objectives achieved, and are the targeted issues solved?
- Efficiency: is the time, effort, or cost well-used for the intended purpose?
- Sustainability: does the project meet needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs?
- Impact: what is the positive or negative, direct or indirect long-term impact produced by the development intervention?
Principles of Evaluation
- The evaluation process should start at the beginning and end of the project.
- Evaluation should be inexpensive.
- Evaluation should be done without prejudgment of day-to-day work.
- Evaluation should be done on a cooperative basis with total participation.
- Outside evaluation machinery should be used occasionally.
- Total overall examination of the agency should be done.
- The results of evaluation should be shared with workers of the agency.
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Description
Learn about monitoring and evaluation techniques used in project management to establish controls and ensure a project stays on track. Understand the role of monitoring in reporting progress and providing feedback for planning and implementation.