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Questions and Answers
Temujin was elected as Khagan at a gathering called a Kurultai in 1206.
Temujin was elected as Khagan at a gathering called a Kurultai in 1206.
True
Genghis Khan chose to settle in peace after defeating the Kherids.
Genghis Khan chose to settle in peace after defeating the Kherids.
False
The kingdom of Western Xia submitted to Genghis Khan after he flooded their fields.
The kingdom of Western Xia submitted to Genghis Khan after he flooded their fields.
True
The Jin Dynasty was easily conquered by Genghis Khan due to their strong defenses.
The Jin Dynasty was easily conquered by Genghis Khan due to their strong defenses.
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Genghis Khan captured Zhongdu with the assistance of Jin deserters who shared siege tactics.
Genghis Khan captured Zhongdu with the assistance of Jin deserters who shared siege tactics.
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The tribes of the steppe had complex hierarchies and formal written languages.
The tribes of the steppe had complex hierarchies and formal written languages.
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Tengriism was the main religion practiced by the Mongols.
Tengriism was the main religion practiced by the Mongols.
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The Mongol religious leaders were known as Shamans called Bekhi.
The Mongol religious leaders were known as Shamans called Bekhi.
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During the late 12th century, the climate in the steppe was harsher, leading to food shortages.
During the late 12th century, the climate in the steppe was harsher, leading to food shortages.
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More food availability reduced the need for men to participate in raiding.
More food availability reduced the need for men to participate in raiding.
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Chinggis Khan was born with the name Genghis.
Chinggis Khan was born with the name Genghis.
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The Tatars initially supported Temujin after his father's death.
The Tatars initially supported Temujin after his father's death.
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The Mongols and Kherids allied to destroy the Tatars.
The Mongols and Kherids allied to destroy the Tatars.
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Genghis Khan was a monarch who inherited the title of Khagan without any selection process.
Genghis Khan was a monarch who inherited the title of Khagan without any selection process.
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Ogedai Khan oversaw the construction of the permanent capital of the Mongol empire called Karakorum.
Ogedai Khan oversaw the construction of the permanent capital of the Mongol empire called Karakorum.
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The Khwarezmian leader executed Genghis Khan's trade delegation, which led to a war resulting in the destruction of Khwarezm.
The Khwarezmian leader executed Genghis Khan's trade delegation, which led to a war resulting in the destruction of Khwarezm.
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Subodai was a prominent general who was chosen for his lineage as Genghis Khan's son.
Subodai was a prominent general who was chosen for his lineage as Genghis Khan's son.
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After Ogedai's death in 1241, the Mongol nobles needed to attend a Kurultai to select a new leader.
After Ogedai's death in 1241, the Mongol nobles needed to attend a Kurultai to select a new leader.
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The Mongols advanced into Western Europe after conquering lands in Europe by 1241.
The Mongols advanced into Western Europe after conquering lands in Europe by 1241.
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Genghis Khan preferred to promote generals based on their talents rather than their noble birth.
Genghis Khan preferred to promote generals based on their talents rather than their noble birth.
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Korea was easily subdued by Ogedai Khan after the Mongol victory over the Jin dynasty.
Korea was easily subdued by Ogedai Khan after the Mongol victory over the Jin dynasty.
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Mongke was the first to conquer Baghdad in 1258.
Mongke was the first to conquer Baghdad in 1258.
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Kublai Khan was proclaimed Khagan in Karakorum.
Kublai Khan was proclaimed Khagan in Karakorum.
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After Mongke's death, Kublai Khan and Urig Bukur engaged in civil war for control of the empire.
After Mongke's death, Kublai Khan and Urig Bukur engaged in civil war for control of the empire.
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The Ilkhanate was allied with Urig Bukur during the succession crisis.
The Ilkhanate was allied with Urig Bukur during the succession crisis.
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Most high-ranking positions in Kublai Khan's administration were filled by ethnic Chinese subjects.
Most high-ranking positions in Kublai Khan's administration were filled by ethnic Chinese subjects.
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The Mongol Empire remained united under Kublai Khan throughout his reign.
The Mongol Empire remained united under Kublai Khan throughout his reign.
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Mongke was the Great Khan during the campaign against the Song dynasty.
Mongke was the Great Khan during the campaign against the Song dynasty.
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Kublai Khan sought to improve the Chinese economy during his reign.
Kublai Khan sought to improve the Chinese economy during his reign.
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Kublai Khan made a promise to the Chinese that they would be mistreated.
Kublai Khan made a promise to the Chinese that they would be mistreated.
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Kublai Khan's religious policies favored only Tengriism, excluding all other faiths.
Kublai Khan's religious policies favored only Tengriism, excluding all other faiths.
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Kublai Khan relocated the capital of the Mongol Empire from Dadu to Shangdu.
Kublai Khan relocated the capital of the Mongol Empire from Dadu to Shangdu.
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By 1279, Kublai Khan successfully defeated the Southern Song Dynasty.
By 1279, Kublai Khan successfully defeated the Southern Song Dynasty.
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Marco Polo visited Kublai Khan during the peak of Kublai's rule.
Marco Polo visited Kublai Khan during the peak of Kublai's rule.
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The Mongol Empire was unsafe for travelers, which hindered trade across the Silk Road.
The Mongol Empire was unsafe for travelers, which hindered trade across the Silk Road.
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Kublai Khan was primarily interested in conquest rather than governance.
Kublai Khan was primarily interested in conquest rather than governance.
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Kublai Khan established a new dynasty called the Yuan Dynasty.
Kublai Khan established a new dynasty called the Yuan Dynasty.
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Kublai Khan made several attempts to invade India but ultimately succeeded.
Kublai Khan made several attempts to invade India but ultimately succeeded.
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The Silk Road played a significant role in the transmission of the bubonic plague from China to Europe in the late 13th century.
The Silk Road played a significant role in the transmission of the bubonic plague from China to Europe in the late 13th century.
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Kublai Khan's rule was characterized by a strong cohesion among all Mongol Khans.
Kublai Khan's rule was characterized by a strong cohesion among all Mongol Khans.
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Genghis Khan and his descendants established the largest contiguous empire in history.
Genghis Khan and his descendants established the largest contiguous empire in history.
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Kublai Khan is primarily remembered for his military failures and lack of religious tolerance.
Kublai Khan is primarily remembered for his military failures and lack of religious tolerance.
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The Mongols had a lasting impact on centers of commerce and learning during their conquests.
The Mongols had a lasting impact on centers of commerce and learning during their conquests.
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After Kublai Khan's death in 1294, the Mongol Empire began to flourish and expand further.
After Kublai Khan's death in 1294, the Mongol Empire began to flourish and expand further.
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The Yuan Dynasty adopted many Mongol traditions and religion during its establishment.
The Yuan Dynasty adopted many Mongol traditions and religion during its establishment.
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Study Notes
Mongol Empire Rise and Expansion
- The Mongol Empire emerged from conflicts between nomadic tribes in the 12th and 13th centuries.
- Key tribes included the Tatars, Kereids, and Mongols, who lacked formal written languages and complex hierarchies.
- Tribal leaders, or chieftains, held inherited power.
- Mongol religious beliefs centered on Tengriism, a sky god.
- Climate change and increased food availability fueled intertribal conflicts, leading to the rise of powerful individual chieftains, most notably Genghis Khan (Temujin).
- Genghis Khan united Mongol tribes, defeating rivals like the Tatars and Kereids.
- Chinggis Khan acquired the title Khagan, or Great Khan, in 1206, marking the consolidation of Mongol power.
Mongol Conquest
- Early targets included Western Xia.
- The Mongols conquered the Jin dynasty and parts of northern China.
- Despite resistance, the Mongols successfully conquered parts of China.
- Genghis Khan led successful campaigns against the Khwarazmian Empire.
- Genghis Khan oversaw the expansion of the empire.
- Genghis's death in 1227 led to Ogedai's succession as ruler.
- The empire expanded under Ogedai and other successors into Eastern Europe (Hungary and Poland).
Mongol Empire Governance and Legacy
- Ogedai established Karakorum as a capital city in 1235.
- Mongol succession led to internal conflicts.
- Kublai Khan eventually consolidated power and established the Yuan Dynasty.
- The Mongol Empire promoted meritocratic advancements.
- Kublai Khan's religious tolerance allowed for various religions to coexist.
- Trade and cultural exchange flourished along the Silk Road facilitated by Mongol security.
- The empire's vast size and rapid expansion influenced global history significantly after its collapse in the 14th century.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the rise and expansion of the Mongol Empire, focusing on key events such as Genghis Khan's unification of tribes and early conquests. Explore the cultural and religious backgrounds that shaped this powerful empire's formation and territorial ambitions.
