WK 1: Molecules of Life: Biomolecules and Cellular Structures

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Questions and Answers

What is the role of nucleic acids in the cell?

Provide structural support to the cell
Store and transmit genetic information (correct)
Act as enzymes and hormones
Regulate cell adhesion and neuronal receptors

What is the process by which polymers are formed?

Condensation reaction
Dehydration synthesis (correct)
Hydrolysis
Fermentation

What is the function of phospholipids in the cell?

To store energy
To regulate gene expression
To form the membrane of cells (correct)
To provide structural support to the cell

What is the monomer of carbohydrates?

Monosaccharides (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which monomers are recovered from polymers?

Hydrolysis (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of protein that provides structural support to the cell?

Fibrous proteins (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the process called when a polymer is broken down into monomers with the addition of a water molecule?

Hydrolysis (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of ATP in the cell?

Energy currency (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between DNA and RNA molecules?

DNA is double-stranded, while RNA is single-stranded (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the monomer of nucleic acids?

Nucleotide (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which polymers are formed?

Dehydration (D) Signup and view all the answers

What type of carbohydrates is glycogen an example of?

Polysaccharide (A) Signup and view all the answers

What type of protein is human growth hormone?

Globular (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main constituent of cell walls?

Cellulose (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of glycogen in animal tissues?

To store excess glucose (A) Signup and view all the answers

What type of molecules are DNA and RNA?

Nucleic acids (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which glucose is stored in animal tissues?

Glycogenesis (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the ratio of hydrogen to oxygen atoms in a carbohydrate molecule?

2:1 (D) Signup and view all the answers

What type of reaction links amino acid monomers to form polypeptides?

Dehydration (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical length of a peptide?

2-50 amino acids (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the fate of amino acids broken down in the body?

They enter the urea cycle and Krebs cycle (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of post-translational modifications in proteins?

To change the structure and function of the coded protein (D) Signup and view all the answers

What type of carbohydrates is glycogen an example of?

Polysaccharide (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of nucleic acids in the cell?

To store genetic information (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of triglycerides in the cell?

To serve as a long-term energy storage molecule (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of phospholipids that makes them ideal for forming cell membranes?

Their ability to form a bilayer structure (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of cholesterol in the cell membrane?

To maintain membrane fluidity, especially at lower temperatures (A) Signup and view all the answers

What type of carbohydrate is a long-term energy storage molecule in the cell?

Glycogen (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the monomer of nucleic acids?

Nucleotide (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of lipids that makes them non-polar molecules?

Their hydrophobic nature (A) Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Nucleic Acid Role

Store and transmit genetic information within the cell.

Dehydration Synthesis

The process that forms polymers by removing a water molecule.