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Questions and Answers
What is the most abundant di-nucleotide repeat motif in plants?
What is the main reason why AT-enrichment methods have not been developed for SSR markers?
What makes SSR markers perfectly suited for use in map-based cloning?
What distinguishes the polymorphisms of SSRs based on the length of PCR products?
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What type of DNA polymorphisms result from differences in the number of copies of a DNA sequence repeated many times in tandem at a particular site in a chromosome?
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Which molecular marker technique involves the PCR amplification of genomic restriction fragments generated by specific restriction enzymes and oligonucleotide adapters?
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In AFLP, what is used to ligate to the ends of the DNA fragments?
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What is the purpose of AFLP in molecular breeding?
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Which restriction enzymes are generally used in AFLP for digesting genomic DNA?
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What makes AFLP a DNA fingerprinting technique?
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Study Notes
Di-Nucleotide Repeat Motif in Plants
- The most abundant di-nucleotide repeat motif in plants is (AT) n, indicating a high frequency of adenine and thymine pairs.
AT-Enrichment and SSR Markers
- Lack of AT-enrichment methods for SSR markers primarily stems from the difficulty in isolating sequences with high adenine-thymine content effectively due to their repetitive nature.
Suitability of SSR Markers in Map-Based Cloning
- SSR markers are ideal for map-based cloning due to their high polymorphism levels, co-dominant inheritance, and ability to amplify products of variable lengths for precise mapping.
Polymorphisms in SSRs
- SSR polymorphisms can be distinguished based on the length of PCR products; variations in length correspond to differences in the number of repeat units in the DNA sequence.
DNA Polymorphisms from Tandem Repeats
- DNA polymorphisms arise from differences in the number of tandem repeated DNA sequences at a specific locus on a chromosome, leading to variability in genomic structure.
AFLP Molecular Marker Technique
- AFLP employs PCR amplification of genomic restriction fragments created by specified restriction enzymes, combined with selected oligonucleotide adapters.
Ligating DNA Fragments in AFLP
- Specific adaptors are used to ligate to the ends of the DNA fragments in AFLP, allowing for subsequent amplification and analysis.
Purpose of AFLP in Molecular Breeding
- AFLP is utilized in molecular breeding for genetic diversity assessment, marker-assisted selection, and creation of genetic maps.
Restriction Enzymes Used in AFLP
- Typically, restriction enzymes used in AFLP for digesting genomic DNA include EcoRI and MseI, chosen for their ability to cut at specific sequences.
DNA Fingerprinting with AFLP
- AFLP acts as a DNA fingerprinting technique due to its capacity to produce a unique pattern of bands based on the fragment sizes of amplified products, reflecting genetic variation.
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Description
Test your knowledge about molecular markers and their types used in molecular breeding. Learn about RFLP, PCR-based markers like RAPD, AFLP, SSR, and SNP. Explore the applications of AFLP in molecular breeding.
