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Molecular Diagnostics in Microbiology Quiz
26 Questions
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Molecular Diagnostics in Microbiology Quiz

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@HealthfulTuring

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of molecular diagnostics in medicine?

  • To conduct genetic engineering experiments
  • To study the evolution of microorganisms
  • To synthesize new drugs and vaccines
  • To diagnose and monitor diseases, assess risk, and guide personalized therapies (correct)

    • Which of the following is NOT a step in the molecular diagnostic process?

  • DNA/RNA extraction
  • Gene editing (correct)
  • Electrophoresis
  • Nucleic acid amplification

    • What is the primary cause of dental infections?

  • Poor oral hygiene
  • Environmental factors
  • Genetic predisposition
  • Bacterial or viral infections in the tooth or its supporting structures (correct)

    • Which of the following statements about periodontal infections is NOT true?

    <p>They are caused by poor dietary habits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a dental abscess?

    <p>A buildup of pus in the teeth or gums caused by an infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the neuraminidase protein in the influenza A virus?

    <p>To cleave sialic acid and promote the release of the virus from infected cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a characteristic of influenza A viruses?

    <p>They replicate in the cytoplasm of host cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the hemagglutinin protein in the influenza A virus?

    <p>To allow the virus to bind to sialic acid receptors and enter host cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do influenza A viruses differ from other RNA viruses in terms of their replication process?

    <p>They replicate in the nucleus of host cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the segmented genome of influenza A viruses?

    <p>It promotes genetic diversity through mutation and reassortment of genome segments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a characteristic of influenza A viruses?

    <p>They replicate in the cytoplasm of host cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic feature of Moraxella catarrhalis?

    <p>Oxidase-negative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the beta-lactamase enzyme produced by Moraxella catarrhalis?

    <p>It facilitates the growth of Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following antibiotics would be an appropriate choice for treating Moraxella catarrhalis infections?

    <p>Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which staining technique is used for the decolorization of Moraxella catarrhalis during microscopy?

    <p>Acetone-alcohol staining</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which patient population is Moraxella catarrhalis most likely to cause infections?

    <p>Children with acute otitis media and adults with COPD</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the most serious complication of measles?

    <p>Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the measles vaccine (MMR) is true?

    <p>It is a live attenuated viral vaccine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following viruses is the most common cause of croup in children under 5 years old?

    <p>Parainfluenza virus types 1, 2, or 3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definitive way to diagnose measles?

    <p>Clinical findings alone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about parainfluenza viruses is true?

    <p>They are enveloped RNA viruses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is recommended as part of the treatment for measles?

    <p>Vitamin A supplementation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main target tissue for paramyxoviruses with envelope F and HA proteins?

    <p>Respiratory system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which paramyxovirus causes acute, benign viral parotitis characterized by painful swelling of the salivary glands?

    <p>Mumps virus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) protein in paramyxoviruses?

    <p>Mediates adsorption to host cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which body site does measles primarily spread to after establishing viremia?

    <p>Respiratory system</p> Signup and view all the answers

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