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chap 17

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Questions and Answers

What enzymatic activity does DNA ligase have in molecular cloning?

Exonuclease activity to degrade DNA strands

Ligase activity to join DNA fragments (correct)

Polymerase activity to synthesize new DNA strands

Helicase activity to unwind DNA strands

Why does recombinant DNA work, even though humans are very different than bacteria?

Due to the ability of bacteria to recognize and replicate foreign DNA

As bacteria have the ability to modify their genetic makeup to accommodate foreign DNA

Because the genetic code is universal and can be read by all organisms (correct)

Because humans and bacteria share a high degree of genetic similarity

What components of the replication fork are not present in PCR, and why are they not needed?

Single-strand binding proteins, because PCR amplifies specific DNA regions

Primase, because PCR uses synthetic primers for DNA synthesis

Helicase, because PCR uses heat to denature DNA strands (correct)

DNA polymerase, because PCR uses a different enzyme for DNA synthesis

In gel electrophoresis, in which direction does DNA run?

From the negative electrode to the positive electrode Signup and view all the answers

What enzyme is used in PCR?

DNA polymerase Signup and view all the answers

Why does recombinant DNA work, even though humans are very different than bacteria?

The genetic code is universal, so bacteria can read and express human genes Signup and view all the answers

What enzymatic activity does DNA ligase have in molecular cloning?

It joins DNA fragments together by forming phosphodiester bonds Signup and view all the answers

What components of the replication fork are not present in PCR, and why are they not needed?

Helicase and single-strand binding proteins, as the DNA is already denatured in PCR Signup and view all the answers

Why does recombinant DNA work, even though humans are very different than bacteria?

The genetic code is universal, so the genetic information can be read and utilized by different species Signup and view all the answers

What enzyme is used in PCR?

DNA polymerase Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Molecular Cloning

DNA ligase has the enzymatic activity of forming a covalent bond between two DNA molecules, essential for molecular cloning.

Recombinant DNA

Recombinant DNA works despite the differences between humans and bacteria because it relies on the universal genetic code, which allows genetic information to be translated into proteins across species.

Replication Fork and PCR

The components of the replication fork not present in PCR are helicase, primase, and ligase, which are responsible for unwinding, priming, and sealing the DNA, respectively.
These components are not needed in PCR because the process uses primers and DNA polymerase to amplify specific DNA sequences.

Gel Electrophoresis

DNA runs from negative to positive electrodes in gel electrophoresis, allowing for the separation of DNA fragments based on their size and charge.

PCR

The enzyme used in PCR is DNA polymerase, which synthesizes new DNA strands by adding nucleotides to a primer sequence.

Note: I removed duplicate questions and organized the answers into relevant topics for better clarity and understanding.

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Description

Test your knowledge of molecular biology with this quiz! From the direction of DNA in gel electrophoresis to the enzyme used in PCR and the components of the replication fork, this quiz covers a range of topics in the field. Challenge yourself and see how much you know about recombinant DNA and genetic engineering!