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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of a restriction enzyme in a bacterial cell?
What is the primary function of a restriction enzyme in a bacterial cell?
- To defend against bacterial viruses (correct)
- To replicate phage DNA
- To manipulate fragments of DNA
- To synthesize bacterial proteins
Why are restriction enzymes indispensable tools of recombinant DNA technology?
Why are restriction enzymes indispensable tools of recombinant DNA technology?
- Because they can translate genes
- Because they can synthesize DNA
- Because they can manipulate fragments of DNA (correct)
- Because they can replicate phage DNA
What is the name 'restriction enzyme' derived from?
What is the name 'restriction enzyme' derived from?
- Their ability to restrict the host range of bacteriophages
- Their ability to restrict the expression of genes
- Their ability to restrict the replication of phage DNA
- Their ability to restrict the number of strains of bacteriophage that can infect a bacterium (correct)
What is the recognition sequence of a restriction enzyme?
What is the recognition sequence of a restriction enzyme?
What is the purpose of a bacteriophage infecting a bacterium?
What is the purpose of a bacteriophage infecting a bacterium?
Why do different bacterial species make different restriction enzymes?
Why do different bacterial species make different restriction enzymes?
What is the role of restriction enzymes in defending against bacteriophages?
What is the role of restriction enzymes in defending against bacteriophages?
What is the substrate of a restriction enzyme?
What is the substrate of a restriction enzyme?
Why are restriction enzymes produced by bacteria?
Why are restriction enzymes produced by bacteria?
What is the result of a restriction enzyme cleaving foreign DNA?
What is the result of a restriction enzyme cleaving foreign DNA?
What determines the specificity of a restriction enzyme?
What determines the specificity of a restriction enzyme?
What is the purpose of a restriction enzyme in the laboratory?
What is the purpose of a restriction enzyme in the laboratory?
What is the distribution of recognition sites in a DNA molecule?
What is the distribution of recognition sites in a DNA molecule?
What is the characteristic of a recognition sequence?
What is the characteristic of a recognition sequence?
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Study Notes
Restriction Enzymes and Their Function
- Produced by bacteria to cleave DNA at specific sites along the molecule
- Used by bacteria to defend against bacterial viruses (bacteriophages) by preventing replication of phage DNA
- Recognize short, specific sequences of nucleotide bases (recognition sequences or recognition sites) randomly distributed throughout the DNA
- Cut DNA into many pieces, restricting the number of phage strains that can infect a bacterium
Mechanism of Action
- Restriction enzymes cleave foreign DNA, eliminating infecting organisms
- In the laboratory, they are used to manipulate fragments of DNA, including those containing genes
- Essential tools in recombinant DNA technology (genetic engineering)
Characteristics and Variation
- Different bacterial species produce restriction enzymes that recognize different nucleotide sequences
- Each restriction enzyme has its unique recognition sequence
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