Molecular Biology Quiz

The Central Dogma of Molecular Biology is the fundamental direction of genetic information flow during gene expression, which states that "DNA makes RNA makes Proteins".

The Central Dogma of Molecular Biology is the fundamental direction of genetic information flow during gene expression, which is "DNA makes RNA makes Proteins". It was proposed by Francis Crick.

The Central Dogma of Molecular Biology is the fundamental direction of genetic information flow during gene expression, which is “DNA makes RNA makes Proteins”.

<p>The four letters that make up DNA's alphabet are A, C, G, and T.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The four letters that make up DNA's alphabet are A, C, G, and T.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The alphabet of DNA consists of four letters - A, C, G, and T. A molecule's partners are defined by its shape, which leads to the characteristic double helix structure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transcription is the process of making a copy of one strand of double-stranded DNA into a single-stranded molecule of RNA.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transcription is the act of making a copy of one strand of double-stranded DNA into a single-stranded molecule of RNA.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>DNA is double-stranded, while RNA is single-stranded. RNA and DNA also differ in having a hydroxyl group (OH) at position 2'.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A gene is a discrete region of DNA that is copied (transcribed) into RNA, and it is also called a transcriptional unit.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transcription is the act of making a copy of one strand of double-stranded DNA into a single-stranded molecule of RNA. The protein complex that carries it out is called RNA polymerase.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A codon is a group of three bases coding for an amino acid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Promoters are DNA sequences in or near the gene that define where the gene is expressed in that tissue or cell type.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Translation is the process of decoding the messenger RNA (mRNA) sequence into a polypeptide chain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>RNA polymerase is a large protein complex that binds to a specific DNA sequence, in front of the gene, and carries out transcription.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The genetic code is nature's translation dictionary, and it consists of groups of three bases coding for an amino acid, which are called codons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A gene is a discrete region of DNA that is copied (transcribed) into RNA. Another name for it is a transcriptional unit.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>RNA polymerase is a large protein complex that binds to a specific DNA sequence, in front of the gene, and carries out transcription.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>DNA is double-stranded, and RNA is single-stranded. RNA has a hydroxyl group (OH) at position 2', while DNA does not.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The genetic code is nature's translation dictionary. Each group of three bases coding for an amino acid is called a codon.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Translation is the process by which messenger RNA is decoded by ribosomes to produce a specific amino acid sequence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Promoters are DNA sequences in or near the gene that define where (in that tissue or cell type) the gene is expressed, and they play a role in initiating transcription.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>DNA is double-stranded, while RNA is single-stranded, and RNA has a hydroxyl group (OH) at position 2' while DNA does not.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Translation is the process of synthesizing a protein from the information encoded in messenger RNA. The molecule that leaves the nucleus during translation is messenger RNA.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Prokaryotic translation occurs simultaneously with transcription, while eukaryotic translation occurs after transcription and mRNA processing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Three nucleotides (triplet codon) code for one amino acid. Two nucleotides would produce 16 possible combinations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Promoters are DNA sequences in or near the gene that define where (in that tissue or cell type) the gene is expressed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Complementary base pairing facilitates transfers between DNA and RNA.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The virus discussed in the article is the influenza virus, and it is a negative-sense RNA virus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The genetic code is nature’s translation dictionary, where each group of three bases coding for an amino acid is called a codon.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Prion-like propagation is a process in which misfolded proteins can induce other proteins to misfold and aggregate. It is discussed in the article in the context of dementia with Lewy body diseases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The codons in the genetic code specify the amino acid sequence of a protein.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The three stages of transcription are protein-DNA interaction, RNA-ssDNA interaction, and RNA-RNA folding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The common feature of life discussed in the article is the existence of specialized machinery to transmit sequential information.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The common feature of life discussed in the article is the existence of specialized machinery to transmit sequential information. The evolved feature of life on this planet is the genetic code.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>According to the Central Dogma, once information has entered a protein, it cannot get out again, and sequential information tends to remain in proteins while nucleic acids are inherited.</p> Signup and view all the answers