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Podcast
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Questions and Answers
Questions and Answers
What is a distinct constituent part of a specific activity or task in time study purposes?
What is a distinct constituent part of a specific activity or task in time study purposes?
- Bottleneck
- Operator
- Incentive
- Element (correct)
When are standard times required prior to the introduction of an incentive scheme?
When are standard times required prior to the introduction of an incentive scheme?
- When the output of a piece of plant is low
- When an operation is considered a bottleneck (correct)
- When costs of a particular job appear excessive
- When the work performed by the operator is divided into elements
What type of element occurs in every work cycle of the job?
What type of element occurs in every work cycle of the job?
- Repetitive element (correct)
- Fixed time element
- Cyclic element
- Manual element
What is used to determine the task duration in types of elements in time study?
What is used to determine the task duration in types of elements in time study?
Which type of element can be hard to identify as avoidable or unavoidable unproductive?
Which type of element can be hard to identify as avoidable or unavoidable unproductive?
In time study purposes, what is defined as one or more fundamental motions and/or machine or process activities selected for observation and timing?
In time study purposes, what is defined as one or more fundamental motions and/or machine or process activities selected for observation and timing?
What is a piece of plant with low output or appears to be idle for excessive time investigated for to make a method study or compare efficiency of methods?
What is a piece of plant with low output or appears to be idle for excessive time investigated for to make a method study or compare efficiency of methods?
Questions and Answers
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Flashcards
Flashcards
Work Measurement
Work Measurement
Techniques used to determine the time needed for a qualified worker to complete a specific job at a defined performance level.
Work Definition
Work Definition
An activity that involves physical and mental effort to achieve a task with a useful objective, often involving steps to create a product or service.
Work System
Work System
A system comprising humans, information, and equipment working together to perform useful work, central to industrial engineering.
Task Definition
Task Definition
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Work Element
Work Element
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Work Measurement Definition
Work Measurement Definition
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Objectives of Work Measurement
Objectives of Work Measurement
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Flashcards
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Study Notes
Study Notes
Work Measurement Basics
- Work measurement is the application of techniques to establish the time taken for a qualified worker to carry out a specified job at a defined level of performance.
Work Definition
- Work is an activity that requires physical and mental effort to accomplish a task or perform a duty with a useful objective.
- It involves one or more steps in making a product or delivering a service.
- The worker must apply certain skills and knowledge to complete the task successfully.
Work System
- A work system consists of humans, information, and equipment designed to perform useful work.
- It is a physical entity that represents the central theme in industrial engineering.
Pyramid of Structure
- A task is an amount of work assigned to a worker or for which a worker is responsible.
- Repetitive tasks have a time requirement of 30 seconds to several minutes.
- Non-repetitive tasks are performed periodically, infrequently, or only once and have a longer time requirement.
Work Elements
- A work element is a series of work activities logically grouped together due to a unified function in the task.
- Examples of work elements include assembling a component to a base part using several nuts and bolts.
Basic Motion Elements
- Basic motion elements are components of a work element.
- Examples of basic motion elements include reaching for an object, grasping the object, moving the object, walking, and eye movement.
Work Measurement Definition
- Work measurement is the systematic application of industrial engineering techniques to establish the work content and time required to complete a task or series of tasks.
- It is a productivity improvement tool used to measure the current productivity level of an organization.
Objectives of Work Measurement
- Quantify expectations from people and processes, and communicate them.
- Determine staffing levels as output levels rise or fall.
- Assign and schedule work to people and equipment based on expectations.
- Identify and manage constraints in equipment, process, and facility.
- Balance individual workloads in lines or work groups for optimum performance.
- Offer pay related to output; labor incentives.
- Calculate actual capacity the operation can produce.
- Develop standard cost models for products and services.
- Justify equipment and automation acquisition.
- Meet financial understanding of costs.
- Judge disagreements about workload, assignments.
- Analyze variance to find problems.
- Estimate potential benefit from changes beforehand.
Work Measurement Components
- Preferred methods may not always be the most efficient or fastest way to do a task.
- Quality is equally important, and good performance and good quality go hand in hand.
Time Study Requirements
- Selection of the operator.
- Recording significant information.
- Positioning the observer.
- Analyst's responsibility.
- Supervisor's responsibility.
- Unions' responsibility.
- Operator's responsibility.
Preparation for Timing
- Identify the task/cycle to be studied before the time study.
- Analyze the complete task method.
- Lay out the workplace.
- Identify the equipment used.
- Establish environmental conditions.
- Identify machine speeds and feeds.
- Establish inspection equipment.
- Develop communication with the foreman, workers, and documents for process/task instructions.
Timing Method
- Continuous timing: the clock never stops, and no time is omitted.
- Snapback timing: the watch shows the time for each element and automatically resets to zero for the start of each element.
Selecting a Job for Time Study
- The job is new and has not been previously carried out.
- A change in material or method of working has been made.
- A complaint has been received about the time standard for an operation.
- A particular operation appears to be a bottleneck holding up subsequent operations.
- Standard times are required prior to the introduction of an incentive scheme.
- To investigate the utilization of a piece of plant, the output of which is low.
- To compare the efficiency of two proposed methods.
- When the costs of a particular job appear to be excessive.
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