Module 2: Historical Overview of Communications
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Questions and Answers

What was a key characteristic of the codex that differentiated it from the scroll?

  • It used a rolling method for reading.
  • It was more difficult to read compared to scrolls.
  • It was made primarily from a single type of material.
  • It was composed of loose sheets of paper. (correct)

Who is credited with the invention of printing technology that led to the movable typing machine?

  • Johann Gutenberg (correct)
  • Isaac Newton
  • Leonardo da Vinci
  • Thomas Edison

What was one of the primary materials used in the construction of codices?

  • Vellum (correct)
  • Plastic
  • Metal
  • Wood

In what period did the codex likely start to gain popularity over scrolls?

<p>Around the time of its invention (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is NOT true about the origin of written communication?

<p>Vellum was the first writing medium used by humans. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Latin word 'caudex', related to the term 'codex', mean?

<p>Tree trunk (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant shift in written communication is marked by the invention of the codex?

<p>From rolling documents to flipping pages (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the primary purposes of communal gatherings in ancient communication?

<p>To foster connections through expressions like song and dance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the distinctive feature of Gutenberg's invention compared to woodblock printing?

<p>It allowed for moving letters to create various messages. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What mechanism did the Gutenberg printing press utilize to secure paper during printing?

<p>A corkscrew device derived from winemaking technology (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which book is recognized as one of Gutenberg's earliest printed works?

<p>Doctrina Cristiana (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the first newspaper reportedly produced?

<p>In England not earlier than the 17th century (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who primarily supported the early newspapers?

<p>Merchants interested in global events (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant idea emerged regarding newspapers around the year 1700?

<p>The idea of a free press independent from government control. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterized the rise of an adversarial press?

<p>Its capacity to conduct dialogue and challenge the government. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What inspired the rise of an adversarial press in the British and American colonies?

<p>Taxation on paper imposed by the British Empire. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When did newspapers begin to emerge in the Philippines?

<p>In the first decades of the 19th century (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What transformation did newspapers bring to society as per McQuail's perspective?

<p>A new form catering to town-based businesses and professionals. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main purpose of the PhilNet project launched in the early 90s?

<p>To enable inter-BBS connectivity and internet access (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which major event in Philippine internet history occurred on March 29, 1994?

<p>Formal connection of the Philippines to the internet (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who announced the successful connection of the PhilNet project to the global internet during the first International E-mail Conference?

<p>Dr. John Brule (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What year did the Philippine FidoNet exchange enable inter-BBS connectivity?

<p>1987 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organization provided full funding for the PhilNet project in July 1993?

<p>Department of Science and Technology (DOST) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was the first president to appear on television?

<p>Franklin D. Roosevelt (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What landmark event in commercial television occurred in 1946 in the United States?

<p>Commercial TV began (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what year did the first official telecast take place in the Philippines?

<p>1953 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What invention in 1948 significantly influenced the development of modern electronics?

<p>Transistor radio (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which company shipped the first electronic computers called 701 in 1953?

<p>IBM (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was ARPANET created for in 1969?

<p>To connect universities with military (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the BBS launched in the Philippines in early 1986?

<p>To enable message exchange among users (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What major technological development followed the invention of the transistor radio?

<p>The development of integrated circuits (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When was the free and open World Wide Web launched in the Philippines?

<p>1994 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the subscription fee for the bulletin board system (BBS) that ran in the Philippines during the late 1980s?

<p>Php 1000 per month (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant event occurred on December 1, 1846, in the Philippines?

<p>The first daily newspaper was published (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which newspaper was published by the Katipuneros in 1896?

<p>Ang Kalayaan (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who invented the film and established the Kodak company?

<p>George Eastman (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What innovation did Thomas Edison and William Dickson contribute to film technology?

<p>Turning photographic film into strips (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Vitasccope, introduced by Edison in 1896, is associated with which significant event?

<p>The public debut of a film in New York (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which year marks the first telecast of a TV program from General Electric's experimental studio?

<p>1982 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which technology did the Radio Corp. of America introduce in 1930?

<p>Electronic scanning (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role did Louis and Augusto Lumiere play in film technology?

<p>Developers of film projectors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which film was shown during the debut of Edison's Vitasccope?

<p>Rough Sea at Dover (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which publication was actively used to campaign for reforms for the Philippines in 1889?

<p>La Solidaridad (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Communication History

The development of communication systems and how they've changed over time.

Pre-Paper Writing Materials

Materials used for writing before paper, such as papyrus and parchment.

Codex

The first book format, replacing the scroll.

Movable Type Printing

A method of printing using individual, movable characters.

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Gutenberg's Printing Press

The invention that significantly revolutionized printing and mass communication.

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Human Interaction

The ability to connect and interact with others.

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Communication

The process of using language, symbols, and gestures to convey information.

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Communal Gatherings

Gathering of people for social or religious purposes.

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What was distinct about Gutenberg's printing press?

The Gutenberg press used movable type, which allowed for different messages to be created, unlike woodblocks that could only produce one message at a time.

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How did the Gutenberg press work?

The Gutenberg press used a frame to hold the type, which was then inked and pressed onto paper. This technology was inspired by winemaking.

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What was one of Gutenberg's earliest and most significant works?

The Bible was among the first and most famous books produced by Gutenberg's printing press.

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Where did the first newspaper originate and when?

The first newspaper is believed to have been published in England during the 17th century.

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Why were monarchs apprehensive about newspapers?

Monarchs initially resisted newspapers due to concerns about their potential to influence public opinion.

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Who were the initial primary consumers of newspapers?

Merchants were among the early patrons of newspapers, seeking information about trade and global affairs.

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When did the idea of a free press take root?

The concept of a free press, independent from government control, emerged in the 18th century.

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Why was the newspaper considered a greater innovation than the book?

Newspapers were considered a more significant innovation than books, as they catered to a new class of professionals and merchants.

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What is the 'adversarial press' and when did it arise?

The adversarial press, characterized by its ability to challenge government authority, emerged during the 18th century.

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What sparked the rise of the adversarial press in British and American colonies?

The rise of the adversarial press was fueled by a desire for independence from the British government, particularly during the imposition of taxes.

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La Esperenza

The first daily newspaper published in the Philippines, marking the beginning of organized news dissemination in the country.

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Edison and Dickson's film innovation

The first use of photographic film in a strip to create moving images, a crucial step in the development of cinema.

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Ang Kalayaan

A revolutionary newspaper published by the Katipuneros, promoting the fight for independence from Spanish rule.

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Lumiere Brothers

French brothers who perfected the technology of film projectors, bringing moving pictures to the masses.

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Edison vitascope debut

A public debut of the Edison vitascope in 1896, showcasing the power of projected moving images with the short film 'Rough Sea at Dover'.

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Scientific American and the first TV

A magazine that showcased the world's first television in 1907, demonstrating the early experimentation with the technology.

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First TV program telecast

The first telecast of a television program in 1982, a landmark moment in the history of television broadcasting.

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Electronic scanning in TV

The introduction of electronic scanning in 1930, a major advancement in television technology that replaced the earlier mechanical scanning system.

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President Franklin D. Roosevelt and TV

The United States President who unveiled an experimental television at the 1939 World's Fair, indicating the growing popularity and interest in the new technology.

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Static to Moving Images

The transition from static printed media to dynamic moving images, a shift in communication technology that brought new ways of storytelling and information dissemination.

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FidoNet connection in the Philippines

In 1987, the Philippines established a connection between bulletin board systems (BBSs) through the FidoNet exchange, enabling communication between different BBS networks.

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Email gateways for MNCs in the 90s

During the early 1990s, email gateways and services began to expand in the Philippines, primarily serving multinational corporations.

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DOST's role in Philippine internet

The Philippine government played a major role in the development of the internet in the Philippines, starting in 1993 with the involvement of the Department of Science and Technology (DOST).

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PhilNet project

The PhilNet project, launched in 1993, aimed to connect various universities in the Philippines to the internet. It was supported by the Industrial Research Foundation and included representatives from institutions like UP Diliman, UP Los Baños, DLSU, and ADMU.

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PhilNet's funding and expansion

In July 1993, the DOST provided full funding for the PhilNet project, allowing it to scale up and connect students to a gateway at Victoria University of Australia.

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Nazi Television

The first regular television service, launched in Germany, was primarily used by the Nazi regime to spread propaganda.

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ABS-CBN's Beginnings

The Alto Broadcasting System (ABS) in the Philippines became the first commercial television station in the country, launching in 1953.

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Traditional Media Forms

Seven traditional media forms include books, newspapers, magazines, sound recordings, radio, television, and film.

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Transistor Radio's Impact

The invention of the transistor radio in 1948 marked a significant shift in media and technology landscapes, paving the way for the development of semiconductors and ultimately modern electronics.

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IBM 701: First Electronic Computer

IBM's first electronic computer, the 701, was released in 1953 and sold to institutions like research labs, aircraft companies, and the government.

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ARPANET: Internet's Precursor

ARPANET, created in 1969, served as a large network linking the US military, federal agencies, and universities. It's considered the precursor to the internet.

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From ARPANET to Internet

The transition from ARPANET to the internet occurred in 1971, marking a significant evolution in global communication.

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Philippines' Web Launch

The Philippines launched its free and open World Wide Web (WWW) on March 29, 1994, enabling widespread access to the internet.

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Bulletin Board Systems (BBS)

Bulletin Board Systems (BBS) were early forms of online communication in the Philippines, predating the launch of the WWW in 1994.

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The Internet Revolution

The internet, initially known as ARPANET, has revolutionized communication, information access, and global connectivity, impacting various aspects of modern life.

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Study Notes

Module 2: Historical Overview of Communications

  • Learning Objectives: Students will be able to discuss communications and the rise of media and the internet.
  • Time Frame: One week.
  • Materials: Mobile learning device, LMS.

Content: From Papyrus to Paper

  • Communication began with drawings on walls and carvings on bark, progressing to papyrus and parchment, leading to more complex interaction techniques such as songs, dances, and prayers.
  • Christians invented the codex around AD 100 as a book format—it was a prototype for modern books, bound pages instead of scrolls.
  • By the 15th century, paper had replaced papyrus.

Content: Johann Gutenberg

  • Johann Gutenberg invented movable type printing technology.
  • This enabled the creation of multiple copies of documents and differed from woodblock printing, which could create only one message at a time.
  • Gutenberg's printing press was a frame that held type, used ink, and secured the paper for the printing.
  • Gutenberg's Bible was a significant early print.

Content: Doctrina Cristiana

  • This book is considered the first printed material in the Philippines.
  • It contained religious teachings of the Roman Catholic Church.
  • This was written by Fray Juan Plasencia, an Augustinian priest.

Content: Nation-States and the Rise of Newspapers

  • Gutenberg's printing press made newspaper production possible, but monarchs initially restricted output due to concerns about control.
  • Newspapers initially catered to merchants.
  • By the late 1600s, newspapers became common.
  • The idea of a free press, independent of government control, emerged in the 1700s.
  • A more significant innovation than books, they catered to the commercial needs and intellectual communities of the developing world and society.

Content: Rise of Newspapers in the Philippines

  • The first daily newspaper, La Esperenza, was published in 1846.
  • Other newspapers, such as Diario de Manila and Boletin Oficial de Filipinas, followed.
  • La Solidaridad (1889) was a notable newspaper used to campaign for Philippine reforms.
  • The Ang Kalayaan newspaper was the official revolutionary newspaper of the Katipunan in 1896.
  • Newspapers evolved to suit digital technologies.

Content: From Static to Moving Images

  • George Eastman invented film and founded Kodak.
  • Later developments by Edison and the Lumiere brothers led to advancements in projecting technology.
  • Projected films, like Thomas Edison's Vitascope, were the beginning of moving images.
  • The audience was amazed and impressed by moving images of waves crashing into the sea.

Content: The Rise of New Media

  • Traditional media refers to books, newspapers, magazines, sound recordings, radio, TV, and film.
  • Technological advancements led to the rise of the internet.
  • The ARPANET, developed by the US military, laid the groundwork for the internet.
  • The internet, and its predecessor ARPANET, provided a platform for network technology that eventually led to worldwide connections.

Content: Timeline of Internet in the Philippines

  • The Philippines formally connected to the internet in 1994 using PLDT networks.
  • The first international email conference was held in Cebu in 1994.

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Description

This quiz explores the evolution of communication from ancient methods like drawings and carvings to the invention of the printing press by Johann Gutenberg. Students will gain insights into how these advancements in communication have shaped media and the internet. Dive into the history of papyrus, parchment, and the codex to understand the foundations of modern communication.

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