Modular Switch Architecture and Packet Forwarding

On a typical modular switch, which module is primarily responsible for executing routing protocols and managing routing tables?

In a high-end modular switch architecture, how does the Line Processing Unit (LPU) forward service packets?

Which plane within a network device is primarily responsible for determining the path that network traffic should take?

The forwarding plane of a network device directly interacts with which of the following to implement packet switching?

What is the primary role of the monitoring plane in a network device?

Which task is typically handled by the egress processing on a Line Processing Unit (LPU)?

Where does a modular switch typically obtain packet encapsulation information during the downlink process?

What is a key function of ingress processing performed by an Uplink Line Processing Unit (LPU)?

In the context of route recursion, what is the primary reason a device needs to perform this process?

Referring to the network diagram, if ASBR2 advertises network 192.168.23.0/24 into Company B's network via IS-IS, and a router within Company B's network needs to forward traffic to 192.168.23.5, what must occur for successful delivery?

Considering the route recursion example provided, what would be the effect if the static route ip route-static 10.0.23.0 24 10.0.12.2 were removed from R1?

In a scenario where a BGP route with a next hop learned from an iBGP peer needs to be installed in the routing table, what is required for the route to become active and used for forwarding?

Which of the following statements is true regarding the relationship between routing protocols and route recursion?

In a three-layer network architecture, which layer is responsible for controlling access from the access layer to the core layer?

Which of the following is the primary focus of the core layer in a network design?

What happens if an OSPF router ID is not manually configured?

Why is it recommended to manually configure OSPF router IDs?

What is the recommended practice for assigning OSPF router IDs using loopback interfaces?

What action is required to change a router ID in OSPF after it has been configured?

Which of the following is a valid representation of an OSPF area ID?

Area 0.0.1.0 is equivalent to which decimal notation?

In a network where R2 and R3 run OSPF and R1 does not support OSPF, what is the primary reason for importing a static route from R1 into OSPF on R2?

When a static route is imported into a dynamic routing protocol, how are these routes generally treated by the dynamic routing protocol?

What command is used on a Huawei device to import all IS-IS routes into OSPF?

If IS-IS routes are imported into OSPF, how are these routes advertised throughout the OSPF network?

In a network running both IS-IS and OSPF, where R1 and R2 run IS-IS, and R2 and R3 run OSPF, what is the state of the routes maintained by each protocol before route import?

Consider R2 which is running both IS-IS and OSPF, how does R2 facilitate communication between the IS-IS and OSPF domains?

If a network administrator configures a static route on R1 pointing to 192.168.11.0/24, and wants R3 to learn this route via OSPF, what is the minimum configuration required?

Refer to the routing tables for R2 and R3. What does O_ASE indicate in R3's routing table for the route to 192.168.11.0/24?

A network engineer observes that a router has multiple routes to the same destination, learned from OSPF and EBGP. Based on the typical default preferences, which route will the router most likely select for its routing table?

A network administrator notices that the routing table on a router contains both a static route to 0.0.0.0/0 and a dynamically learned OSPF route to a specific subnet. How will the router likely forward traffic destined for an address within that specific subnet?

A network engineer is troubleshooting a routing issue where a router is not forwarding traffic to a specific destination. The engineer examines the routing table and finds an entry for the destination network with a very high administrative distance. What is the most likely cause of this issue?

A network engineer is examining a routing table and observes several routes with different 'Cost' values. What does the 'Cost' value typically represent in the context of routing protocols?

A network engineer is comparing routing tables on different routers within the same autonomous system. They notice inconsistencies in the routes learned via OSPF. What could be a potential cause for these inconsistencies?

A network administrator configures a static route on a router. What is the primary reason an administrator might choose to use a static route instead of a dynamic routing protocol?

Consider a scenario where a router has learned routes to the same destination via both OSPF (with a cost of 5) and a static route (with an administrative distance of 60). Which route will the router choose to install in its routing table?

A network engineer is analyzing a routing table that includes the following entry: 10.0.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 10.0.1.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0. What does Direct signify in this routing table entry?

In an OSPF network, what is the initial step a router must take before exchanging link-state information?

What type of packets are primarily used to establish and maintain OSPF neighbor relationships?

Which command is used to view the status of OSPF neighbor relationships on a Huawei router?

R1 and R2 are directly connected via area 0. R1 has a directly connected network segment 10.0.1.1/32 in area 0. By default, the route from R4 to 10.0.1.1/32 has two next hops. What does changing the cost do?

What does the 'Full' state indicate in the output of the display ospf peer command?

In the context of OSPF, what is the primary function of the LSDB?

Which of the following is NOT directly found in the OSPF neighbor table?

If a router's OSPF neighbor table shows a dead timer expiring soon for a particular neighbor, what is the most likely cause?

MPU (Main Processing Unit)

LPU (Line Processing Unit)

PFE (Packet Forwarding Engine)

SFU (Service Forwarding Unit)

Protocol Packet

Uplink

Downlink

Control Plane

Public Routing Table

Destination (Routing Table)

Mask (Routing Table)

Preference (Routing)

Metric (Routing)

Optimal Route Selection

OSPF routing table status

Routing Table

Route Recursion

Indirect Next Hop

Directly Connected Next Hop

Enabling Recursion

Route Requirement

Static routes in dynamic routing

Importing static routes

Command to import IS-IS routes

OSPF external routes

Route redistribution

Static Route

Dynamic Routes

OSPF (Open Shortest Path First)

Aggregation Layer

Core Layer

OSPF Router ID

Router ID Selection Rules

Changing Router ID

Recommended Router ID Practice

OSPF Area

OSPF Area ID

OSPF Neighbor Table

Hello Packets

display ospf peer

LSDB (Link State Database)

OSPF Routing Table

Area 0

OSPF Next Hop