40 Questions
What is the average period from exposure to symptom onset in people with newly acquired HCV infection?
2-12 weeks
What is the primary function of Polyethylene Glycol in Hepatitis C treatment?
It serves as a vesicle/container for the interferon
Which of the following is NOT a disease associated with Chronic HCV infection?
Asthma
What is the primary purpose of Liver Biopsy in Hepatitis C diagnosis?
To determine the degree of liver damage
What is the recommended course of action for people living with Hepatitis C?
Be vaccinated against Hepatitis A and Hepatitis B
What is the name of the antiviral drug used in combination with PEGylated interferon for Hepatitis C treatment?
Ribavirin
What is the purpose of testing donated blood for HBV and HCV?
To prevent transmission of Hepatitis C through blood transfusions
What is the confirmatory test used for people with low-risk patients who test positive for anti-HCV using Enzyme Immunoassay (EIA)?
Recombinant Immunoblot Assay (RIBA)
What is the typical duration of the incubation period of Hepatitis D?
3-7 weeks
What is the characteristic of the genetic material of Hepatitis D?
Single-stranded, negative-sense RNA molecule
Why is Hepatitis D considered a satellite virus?
Because it is the smallest virus known to infect animals
What is the role of HBsAg in Hepatitis D?
It provides the structure for Hepatitis D to replicate
What is the primary site of replication of Hepatitis D?
Hepatocytes
What is the high-risk group for Hepatitis D infection?
People with chronic HBV
What is the characteristic of the symptoms of Hepatitis D?
More severe than the other types of Hepatitis viruses
What is the transmission route of Hepatitis D?
Broken skin contact with infected blood
What is the purpose of the substrate solution in the detection process?
To generate a detectable signal proportional to the target protein
What is the result of the enzyme-catalyzed reaction in the detection process?
A colored precipitate or luminescent signal
What is the purpose of PCR in molecular biology and genetics?
To analyze any sequence of DNA or RNA
What is the role of the heat-stable DNA polymerase in PCR?
To amplify specific segments of DNA
What is the first step in the PCR procedure?
Denaturation
What is the potential outcome of a PCR reaction?
Amplification of one DNA molecule to over 1 billion
What is the purpose of oligonucleotide primers in PCR?
To target specific segments of DNA
What is the advantage of using Taq polymerase in PCR?
It is heat-stable
What is the preferred anticoagulant for PCR tests?
EDTA
What is the purpose of Polymorphprep in PCR tests?
To isolate MNs and PMNs from RBCs
What is the typical specimen volume required for PCR tests in pediatric patients?
2 ml
What is the purpose of a Tzanck smear?
To detect viral infections
What is the requirement for storing and transporting bone marrow aspirate specimens?
Store at room temperature and transport at room temperature
What is the primary target of Parvovirus B19 infection?
Children
What is the recommended way to collect tissue for viral testing?
By biopsy, placing small pieces of tissue in Viral Transport Media (VTM) or sterile Phosphate Buffer (PBS)
What is NOT done when collecting a bone marrow aspirate specimen?
Adding the swab to the transport media
What is the primary difference between viruses and bacteria?
Viruses are not living organisms, while bacteria are living organisms
What is the function of the capsid in a virus?
To protect the viral genome
Which of the following viruses is an example of a single-stranded RNA virus?
Picornavirus
What is the purpose of the Baltimore classification system?
To classify viruses based on their genome structure
What is the effect of formaldehyde on viruses?
It inactivates viral infectivity
What is the characteristic of Group IV viruses in the Baltimore classification system?
They have a single-stranded RNA genome that functions as mRNA
What is the effect of heat on enveloped viruses?
It rapidly inactivates viral infectivity
What is the purpose of the viral genome in the replication process?
To interfere with cellular processes
This quiz covers the introduction to virology, including the definition of virus and virion, viral genome, and the differences between viruses, bacteria, and fungi. It also touches on the characteristics of viruses, including their acellular nature and genetic material.
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