Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the total amount of tragacanth powder needed for 10 doses according to the formula provided?
What is the total amount of tragacanth powder needed for 10 doses according to the formula provided?
Which ingredient is necessary when preparing the mixture of slightly miscible liquids?
Which ingredient is necessary when preparing the mixture of slightly miscible liquids?
What occurs when spirits are diluted with water during preparation?
What occurs when spirits are diluted with water during preparation?
In the procedure for preparing slightly miscible liquids, how much volume should the final mixture be completed to?
In the procedure for preparing slightly miscible liquids, how much volume should the final mixture be completed to?
Signup and view all the answers
What should be done after adding creasote to the gum mucilage during its preparation?
What should be done after adding creasote to the gum mucilage during its preparation?
Signup and view all the answers
What characterizes a simple mixture?
What characterizes a simple mixture?
Signup and view all the answers
Which ingredient is NOT part of the Iron Ammonium Citrate Mixture?
Which ingredient is NOT part of the Iron Ammonium Citrate Mixture?
Signup and view all the answers
Why must the label 'A (Shake the Bottle)' be used?
Why must the label 'A (Shake the Bottle)' be used?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the main characteristic of a compound mixture?
What is the main characteristic of a compound mixture?
Signup and view all the answers
Which component is found in the White Mixture?
Which component is found in the White Mixture?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the purpose of the Peppermint water in the White Mixture?
What is the purpose of the Peppermint water in the White Mixture?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following mixtures is characterized by containing insoluble diffusible solids?
Which of the following mixtures is characterized by containing insoluble diffusible solids?
Signup and view all the answers
What should be done first when preparing the Iron Ammonium Citrate Mixture?
What should be done first when preparing the Iron Ammonium Citrate Mixture?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary purpose of magnesium sulphate in the described procedure?
What is the primary purpose of magnesium sulphate in the described procedure?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the recommended concentration range for Gum Acacia Powder as a suspending agent?
What is the recommended concentration range for Gum Acacia Powder as a suspending agent?
Signup and view all the answers
Which suspending agent is best used in a mucilage form to avoid lump formation?
Which suspending agent is best used in a mucilage form to avoid lump formation?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a disadvantage of using Compound Tragacanth Powder as a suspending agent?
What is a disadvantage of using Compound Tragacanth Powder as a suspending agent?
Signup and view all the answers
What should be done if no suspending agent is ordered by the prescriber?
What should be done if no suspending agent is ordered by the prescriber?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary role of suspending agents in mixtures containing insoluble medicaments?
What is the primary role of suspending agents in mixtures containing insoluble medicaments?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is NOT a component of Compound Tragacanth Powder?
Which of the following is NOT a component of Compound Tragacanth Powder?
Signup and view all the answers
Which ingredient is NOT mentioned as a component of the formula in the content provided?
Which ingredient is NOT mentioned as a component of the formula in the content provided?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Mixtures
- Mixtures are fluid preparations for internal use.
- Simple Mixtures: The solute dissolves in the vehicle (main liquid).
- Compound Mixtures: The solute doesn't dissolve or is dispersed in the vehicle.
- Mixtures are often used for short-term treatment of acute conditions (cough, indigestion, diarrhea, constipation).
Classification of Mixtures
- Simple Mixtures: Contain soluble ingredients. Example: Iron Ammonium Citrate Mixture (for iron deficiency).
- Mixtures containing insoluble diffusible solids: Solids dissolve in the liquid vehicle; need to be shaken. Examples: magnesium carbonate, light kaolin, magnesium trisilicate, bismuth sulphate and bismuth carbonate.
- Mixtures containing insoluble in-diffusible solids: Solids don't dissolve readily; require suspending agents for even distribution.
- Mixtures containing slightly miscible liquids: The liquids mix somewhat but aren't completely soluble. Example: Creasote, Sodium benzoate, Syrup tolu, Liquid extract of liquorices, Camphor water.
- Mixture containing precipitate forming liquids: Certain substances form a precipitate when mixed (e.g., an alcohol-based liquid in water.) The precipitate dissolves more easily in the vehicle if added in a finely divided state.
Simple Mixtures - Procedure
- Calculate the required weights and volumes.
- Dissolve the iron ammonium citrate in ¼ of the vehicle volume.
- Add the liquid ingredients to the iron ammonium citrate solution.
- Bring the volume up to 60 mL with water.
- Transfer to a clean, dry bottle, labeling appropriately.
Mixtures Containing Insoluble Diffusible Solids - White Mixture Example
- Formula: Magnesium sulphate, magnesium carbonate (light), peppermint water, and a mixture.
- Purpose: Laxative
- Procedure: Dissolve magnesium sulphate in about 30 mL of peppermint water. Triturate light magnesium carbonate to a smooth paste and gradually add it to the measuring cylinder with the remaining vehicle. Combine the magnesium sulphate solution and suspended magnesium carbonate. Bring the total volume to 60 mL with the mixture. Transfer to a white glass bottle, label, and include a "shake well" label.
Mixtures Containing Insoluble In-Diffusible Solids
- These mixtures have solids that quickly settle and don't remain evenly distributed.
- Suspending agents are necessary to keep the solids suspended long enough.
- The prescribed suspending agent should be used; otherwise, a suitable one should be selected.
Suspending Agents
- These substances keep insoluble medications suspended for a sufficient time.
- Gum Acacia Powder: Used as a suspending agent in concentrations of 6-10% w/v. Added to mixture before the vehicle.
- Gum Tragacanth Powder: Often forms lumps when added directly to the vehicle; better used as a mucilage. Concentration: 0.25–2.3% w/v.
- Compound Tragacanth Powder: Contains tragacanth powder, acacia powder, starch, and sucrose. Disadvantage: imparts opacity. Concentration: 2% w/v of the mixture.
- Mucilage of Acacia or Tragacanth: Used at 25% of the formula's final volume. Can form solid masses with insoluble solids (e.g., bismuth salts).
Example Formula (Insoluble In-Diffusible Solids)
- Formula: Prepared chalk, tincture of catechu, glycerin, chloroform water.
- Purpose: Antacid
- Procedure: Prepare the mixture as indicated in the formula.
Mixtures Containing Slightly Miscible Liquids - Procedure
- Calculate weights and volumes for 60 mL
- Dissolve sodium benzoate in camphor water, and add other liquids.
- Triturate the compound tragacanth powder (2% w/v) with camphor water. Slowly add creasote to the gum mucilage while carefully mixing.
- Transfer the solution from step 2 to a cylinder; bring the total volume to 60 mL with camphor water.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
This quiz explores the concept of mixtures in pharmacy, focusing on simple and compound mixtures along with their classifications. It includes definitions and examples of various types of mixtures used for treating acute conditions. Test your knowledge on the different categories and components involved in pharmaceutical mixtures.
