Mitosis Key Concepts

Questions and Answers

What is the period of the cell cycle between cell divisions called?

Interphase (correct)

Telophase

Metaphase

Prophase

What happens during Prophase?

Chromosomes become visible, nuclear envelope dissolves, spindle forms.

What occurs during Metaphase?

Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell.

What is Anaphase?

Phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes separate and move to opposite ends of the cell. Signup and view all the answers

What is Telophase?

After the chromosomes separate, the cell seals off, final phase of mitosis. Signup and view all the answers

What are spindle fibers?

Necessary to equally divide the chromosomes in a parental cell into two daughter cells during mitosis and meiosis. Signup and view all the answers

What are sister chromatids?

Identical copies formed by the replication of a chromosome, joined together by a common centromere. Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of centrosomes?

Microtubule-organizing centers that help to form and organize the mitotic spindle during mitosis. Signup and view all the answers

What is chromatin?

Clusters of DNA, RNA, and proteins in the nucleus of a cell. Signup and view all the answers

What is a replicated chromosome?

The two identical chromosomes resulting from DNA replication, referred to as sister chromatids. Signup and view all the answers

What are new daughter cells?

The daughter cells from mitosis are called diploid cells, having two complete sets of chromosomes. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the nucleolus?

Makes ribosomes. Signup and view all the answers

What is the nuclear membrane?

The lipid bilayer membrane which surrounds the genetic material and nucleolus in eukaryotic cells. Signup and view all the answers

What is the cell membrane?

A biological membrane that separates the interior of cells from the outside environment. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Mitosis Key Concepts

Interphase: The stage in the cell cycle where the cell prepares for division, occurring between cell divisions.
Prophase: Chromosomes become visible as they condense, the nuclear envelope dissolves, and spindle fibers begin to form.
Metaphase: Chromosomes align along the cell's equatorial plane, positioning themselves in preparation for separation.
Anaphase: Chromatids are pulled apart to opposite ends of the cell, ensuring each daughter cell receives an identical set of chromosomes.
Telophase: Chromatids reach the poles, the nuclear envelope re-forms around each set of chromosomes, marking the final stage of mitosis.

Cell Structure and Components

Spindle Fibers: Essential for the even distribution of chromosomes during cell division, important in both mitosis and meiosis.
Sister Chromatids: Identical copies of a chromosome connected at the centromere, formed during DNA replication.
Centrosomes: Organizing centers for microtubules that facilitate the formation and organization of the mitotic spindle during mitosis.
Chromatin: A complex of DNA, RNA, and proteins within the nucleus, which condenses to form chromosomes during cell division.
Replicated Chromosome: Consists of two sister chromatids joined at the centromere, providing genetic information for daughter cells.

Post-Mitosis Cell Characteristics

New Daughter Cells: Resulting from mitosis, these diploid cells contain two complete sets of chromosomes, ensuring genetic continuity.
Nucleolus: The site within the nucleus responsible for the assembly of ribosomes, critical for protein synthesis.
Nuclear Membrane: A double lipid bilayer that encloses the nucleus, separating genetic material from the cytoplasm.
Cell Membrane/Plasma Membrane: A semi-permeable biological membrane that encases the cell, regulating the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

Description

Explore the fundamental stages of mitosis, including interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. This quiz will test your knowledge of cell division and the roles of various cellular components such as spindle fibers and centrosomes. Prepare to dive into the intricate process that ensures accurate DNA replication and distribution.