Mitosis and Cell Biology Quiz

Cells without a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles, mostly unicellular.

Cells that contain a nucleus and have membrane-bound organelles; can be uni- or multicellular.

Controls movement in and out of the cell; maintains homeostasis and communication.

The site of cellular respiration, providing usable energy (ATP) from food.

Movement of molecules across the cell membrane without energy input from the cell.

The cell has copied its DNA and centrosome.

Cells break/build structures, chromosomes condense, nucleolus disappears.

Spindle captures chromosomes, nuclear envelope breaks down.

Chromosomes align at the metaphase plate, spindle checkpoint occurs.

Structure that organizes and segregates chromosomes during mitosis.

A series of events leading to cell division and formation of daughter cells.

The final stage of the cell cycle where the cytoplasm divides, creating two daughter cells.

Cells capable of developing into various cell types and contributing to repair.

An abnormal change in a gene caused by a DNA alteration.

An agent that causes changes in DNA, leading to mutations.

Improper function of the cell cycle can lead to uncontrolled cell division or abnormal proteins.

Programmed cell death that removes mutated or damaged cells.

Characterized by uncontrolled cell division due to cell cycle regulation failure.

Phase where chromosomes become visible and microtubules capture them.

Sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite sides of the cell.

The cell reforms structures, two nuclei form, and chromosomes decondense.

Movement of molecules across the cell membrane using energy (ATP).

Difference in concentration of a substance across space.

Diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane.

Higher solute concentration outside the cell; causes cells to shrivel.

Lower solute concentration outside the cell; causes cells to swell.

Four stages: Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, where the nucleus divides.

Chromatin condenses into chromosomes; nuclear membrane breaks down, spindle fibers form.

Protein structures that help separate chromosomes during cell division.