Mitosis: Chromosomes and Sister Chromatids
40 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the name of the system that provides standard units of length in biology?

  • Biological Units System
  • Length Conversion System
  • Metric System
  • International System of Units (SI) (correct)
  • Who contributed to the discovery of the structure of DNA, but is often overlooked in the credit?

  • Rosalind Franklin (correct)
  • James Watson
  • Francis Crick
  • Urry L
  • What is the term used to describe the complete set of genetic material in an organism?

  • Genome (correct)
  • Gene
  • Chromosome
  • Nucleus
  • What is the function of chromosomes in genetic inheritance?

    <p>To store genetic information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the molecule that carries genetic information from one generation to the next?

    <p>DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of histone proteins in chromatin packaging?

    <p>To compact DNA into nucleosomes, forming a 'beads on a string' structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a multinucleated cell generated from multiple nuclear divisions without cytokinesis?

    <p>Coenocyte</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase of the cell cycle is the cellular genome replicated?

    <p>S phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During mitosis, what is the result of cytokinesis in relation to the cytoplasm?

    <p>The cytoplasm is divided equally between the two daughter cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process by which the replicated DNA is divided equally and correctly between the newly formed daughter nuclei?

    <p>Mitotic nuclear division</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of DNA duplication and chromosome condensation?

    <p>Chromosome duplication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the state of a cell that is not dividing?

    <p>G0 phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary consequence of errors occurring during DNA replication?

    <p>Mutations in the daughter cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the duplication of genomic DNA before mitosis can take place?

    <p>Replication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the structure formed by the coiling of DNA around histone proteins?

    <p>Nucleosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who deciphered the genetic code by translating information encoded within nucleic acids into amino acid sequences that comprise protein molecules?

    <p>Marshall Nirenberg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the work done by Paul Berg, Herbert Boyer, and Stanley Cohen in 1973?

    <p>They performed the first genetic engineering experiments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate size of the human genome in terms of base pairs?

    <p>3.1 Gb</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the genome editing technology developed by Jennifer Doudna and Emmanuelle Charpentier in 2012?

    <p>CRISPR-Cas9</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the process of transcribing genetic information from DNA into messenger RNA?

    <p>Transcription</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the organization of DNA in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell?

    <p>A single double-stranded DNA molecule is tightly coiled around spaced nucleosomes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of DNA replication prior to cell division?

    <p>Each chromosome consists of two duplicate chromosome arms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the structure formed by the coiling of DNA around histone proteins?

    <p>Nucleosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the number of chromosomes in somatic cells and gametes?

    <p>Somatic cells have a diploid number and gametes have a haploid number.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the relaxed state of DNA in the nucleus when cells are not actively dividing?

    <p>Open chromatin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism by which genetic diversity is generated during meiosis?

    <p>Independent assortment of chromosomes into gametes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process during meiosis leads to the exchange of genetic information between non-sister chromatids?

    <p>Crossing-over</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which stage of meiosis do chromosomes arrange themselves, determining which chromosomes are packaged in gametes?

    <p>Metaphase I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is NOT a process that generates genetic diversity during meiosis?

    <p>DNA replication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the exchange of genetic information between non-sister chromatids during meiosis?

    <p>Crossing-over</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe a pair of homologous chromosomes, consisting of one maternal and one paternal chromatid?

    <p>Nonsister chromatids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which stage of meiosis do homologous chromosomes separate into 2 daughter cells?

    <p>Meiosis I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the replication of genome during Meiosis I?

    <p>Tetrad formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the number of individual phases in Meiosis I?

    <p>4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the final stage of Meiosis I that is followed by cytokinesis?

    <p>Telophase I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the stage of meiosis where sister chromatids separate?

    <p>Anaphase II</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the process of meiosis in vertebrates, including mammals?

    <p>Meiosis in vertebrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of Meiosis II?

    <p>Formation of haploid daughter cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many stages are there in Meiosis?

    <p>8</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the stage of Meiosis I where chromatin condenses?

    <p>Prophase I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    More Like This

    Cell Biology: Heteroploidy Quiz
    21 questions
    Exploring Cell Biology and Mitosis in Biology
    10 questions
    Mitosis Process Flashcards
    10 questions

    Mitosis Process Flashcards

    EasygoingAgate6318 avatar
    EasygoingAgate6318
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Browser