Questions and Answers
During prophase in an onion root tip cell, centrioles migrate to the poles of the cell.
False
In plant cells, cytokinesis begins with a furrow that pinches the cell.
False
Stem cells are only of one type: Embryonic.
False
The structure on a chromosome where sister chromatids attach is the centromere.
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After telophase, the process of cell division is complete.
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Prokaryotes divide by mitosis.
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Cyclins bind with cyclin-dependent kinases to initiate different stages in mitosis.
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By the end of prophase, each of the following has occurred except _______.
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Which of the following does not occur as a cell grows larger?
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Which of these has occurred by the end of prophase?
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Which of the following occurs in telophase?
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A cell has 12 chromosomes. How many chromosomes will each daughter cell have?
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What observation would allow for identification of a cell as an animal cell rather than a plant cell during mitosis?
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The cell cycle is regulated by what?
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Why can cancer cells reproduce rapidly?
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What is cancer caused by?
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What is the role of cyclin-dependent kinases in the cell cycle?
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DNA replication occurs during which stage of the cell cycle?
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A cell that undergoes repeated mitosis without cytokinesis would have what?
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The typical growth period of a cell occurs during which stage of the cell cycle?
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Study Notes
Mitosis and Cell Division
- Centrioles migrate to cell poles during prophase in animal cells, not in plant cells.
- Cytokinesis in plant cells begins with the formation of a cell plate, rather than a furrow.
- Stem cells consist of more than just embryonic types; there are also adult stem cells.
- The centromere is the point on a chromosome where sister chromatids attach during cell division.
Phases of Cell Division
- Mitosis is distinct from the entire process of cell division, which includes cytokinesis occurring after telophase.
- Prokaryotic cells reproduce through binary fission, not mitosis.
- Cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases regulate the cell cycle, not mitosis specifically.
- By the end of prophase, the nuclear membrane disintegrates, but chromosomes are not yet lined up.
Cell Growth and Challenges
- As cells grow, they face increasing difficulty in waste elimination, impacting their efficiency.
- By the end of prophase, the nuclear membrane disappears; however, chromosome separation does not occur until later stages.
Cancer and Cell Cycle Regulation
- A cell will have the same number of chromosomes (12) in both the parent and daughter cells during mitosis.
- Animal cells can be identified in mitosis by observing chromosome pairs separating, a feature not present in plant cell division.
- The cell cycle is regulated by cyclins, which initiate specific stages of the cycle.
- Cancer cells can reproduce uncontrollably due to bypassing interphase, leading to rapid cell division caused by mutations.
Key Definitions
- DNA replication occurs during interphase, vital for genetic consistency in daughter cells.
- A cell that experiences repeated mitosis without undergoing cytokinesis may exhibit cancerous properties, indicating uncontrolled division.
- The typical growth phase, known as Gap 1, is crucial for cellular development prior to mitosis.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the processes of mitosis and cell division with this quiz. Explore the distinctions between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, the phases of cell division, and the roles of stem cells. Understand the challenges that growing cells face and how they maintain efficiency during division.
