Mitochondrion and Chloroplasts: Structure and Functions
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Questions and Answers

What organelle uses solar energy to synthesize carbohydrates through photosynthesis?

  • Mitochondria
  • Ribosomes
  • Endoplasmic Reticulum
  • Chloroplasts (correct)
  • Which organelle has similarities with bacteria, including being enveloped by a double membrane and containing circular DNA molecules?

  • Endoplasmic Reticulum
  • Nucleus
  • Golgi apparatus
  • Mitochondria (correct)
  • What is the main function of the cytoskeleton in a cell?

  • Storing genetic material
  • Synthesizing carbohydrates
  • Regulating cell division
  • Maintaining cell shape and organizing structures (correct)
  • Which component of the cytoskeleton extends from the nucleus to the plasma membrane?

    <p>Microtubules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What theory suggests that an early ancestor of eukaryotes engulfed an oxygen-using nonphotosynthetic prokaryotic cell?

    <p>Endosymbiont theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is responsible for fastening cells together into strong sheets in the intestinal wall?

    <p>Adhesion junctions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are enzymes responsible for biosynthesis of membrane lipids typically located?

    <p>Endoplasmic reticulum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct order of the exocytosis or secretion pathway in a cell?

    <p>Rough ER, Golgi apparatus, smooth ER, plasma membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following junction types serves as an impermeable barrier to prevent leakage of extracellular fluid?

    <p>Tight junctions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of the intestinal wall, which structure allows communication between two cells?

    <p>Gap junctions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure in a cell is responsible for providing cytoplasmic channels between adjacent cells?

    <p>Gap junctions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of ribosomes in a cell?

    <p>Carry out protein synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In eukaryotic cells, where can ribosomes be found?

    <p>On the outside of the endoplasmic reticulum and nuclear envelope</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle is responsible for storing genetic information in a eukaryotic cell?

    <p>Nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the cytoskeleton in a cell?

    <p>Provide mechanical support and maintain cell shape</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the endomembrane system is responsible for carrying molecules from one part of the system to another?

    <p>Transport vesicles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of the endosymbiont theory in explaining the evolutionary origins of mitochondria and chloroplasts?

    <p>It proposes that mitochondria and chloroplasts originated from symbiotic relationships between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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