17 Questions
What organelle uses solar energy to synthesize carbohydrates through photosynthesis?
Chloroplasts
Which organelle has similarities with bacteria, including being enveloped by a double membrane and containing circular DNA molecules?
Mitochondria
What is the main function of the cytoskeleton in a cell?
Maintaining cell shape and organizing structures
Which component of the cytoskeleton extends from the nucleus to the plasma membrane?
Microtubules
What theory suggests that an early ancestor of eukaryotes engulfed an oxygen-using nonphotosynthetic prokaryotic cell?
Endosymbiont theory
Which structure is responsible for fastening cells together into strong sheets in the intestinal wall?
Adhesion junctions
Where are enzymes responsible for biosynthesis of membrane lipids typically located?
Endoplasmic reticulum
What is the correct order of the exocytosis or secretion pathway in a cell?
Rough ER, Golgi apparatus, smooth ER, plasma membrane
Which of the following junction types serves as an impermeable barrier to prevent leakage of extracellular fluid?
Tight junctions
In the context of the intestinal wall, which structure allows communication between two cells?
Gap junctions
Which structure in a cell is responsible for providing cytoplasmic channels between adjacent cells?
Gap junctions
What is the main function of ribosomes in a cell?
Carry out protein synthesis
In eukaryotic cells, where can ribosomes be found?
On the outside of the endoplasmic reticulum and nuclear envelope
Which organelle is responsible for storing genetic information in a eukaryotic cell?
Nucleus
What is the function of the cytoskeleton in a cell?
Provide mechanical support and maintain cell shape
Which component of the endomembrane system is responsible for carrying molecules from one part of the system to another?
Transport vesicles
What is the main role of the endosymbiont theory in explaining the evolutionary origins of mitochondria and chloroplasts?
It proposes that mitochondria and chloroplasts originated from symbiotic relationships between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells.
Learn about the structure and functions of mitochondrion and chloroplasts. Understand the role of double membrane, cristae, matrix, DNA, ribosomes, and energy-related processes like photosynthesis.
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