Cell Biology: Mitochondrion and Chloroplast Structure
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Questions and Answers

What is the function of cristae in mitochondria?

  • Assist in carbohydrate breakdown (correct)
  • Capture solar energy
  • Store DNA
  • Synthesize carbohydrates

Which organelle utilizes solar energy to synthesize carbohydrates?

  • Mitochondrion
  • Cytoskeleton
  • Nucleus
  • Chloroplast (correct)

What feature do mitochondria and chloroplasts share with bacteria?

  • Double membrane structure
  • Presence of ribosomes
  • Thylakoid membrane
  • Circular DNA molecules (correct)

What is a unique characteristic of the Cytoskeleton?

<p>Organizes cell structures and activities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is responsible for synthesizing lipids like phospholipids and steroids?

<p>Smooth ER (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the endosymbiont theory, what is the relationship between eukaryotes and prokaryotes?

<p>Eukaryotes engulfed prokaryotic cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of rough ER in a cell?

<p>Modifying proteins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle has a three-membrane system including a stroma and thylakoids?

<p>Chloroplast (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is responsible for the breakdown of carbohydrates to produce ATP?

<p>Mitochondria (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Tay-Sachs disease, which organelle is affected due to the missing enzyme for a particular lipid molecule?

<p>Lysosomes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle acts as a transfer station, receiving vesicles from the ER and modifying molecules within them?

<p>Golgi apparatus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of vacuoles in plant cells?

<p>Storing nutrients and maintaining water balance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is DNA organized into discrete units called chromosomes?

<p>Nucleus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the region in the nucleus where RNA and ribosomal RNA (rRNA) are made?

<p>Nucleolus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle helps compartmentalize the cell and restrict certain reactions to specific regions?

<p>Golgi apparatus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do ribosomes build proteins in eukaryotic cells?

<p>Cytosol (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle accounts for more than half of the total membrane in many eukaryotic cells?

<p>Endoplasmic reticulum (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of microfilaments in the cytoskeleton?

<p>Form a dense web to support the cell (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which motor protein interacts with actin for muscle contraction?

<p>Myosin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are centrioles found and what is their function in the cell?

<p>Found in animal cells, involved in cell division (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which extracellular component adds strength to plant cell walls?

<p>Lignin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of extracellular matrix (ECM) in animals?

<p>Facilitates communication between neighboring cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do cilia differ from flagella?

<p>Flagella are longer and less numerous than cilia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of junction is responsible for allowing communication between two cells?

<p>Gap junctions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are enzymes responsible for biosynthesis of membrane lipids typically located?

<p>Endoplasmic reticulum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the exocytosis or secretion pathway, what is the correct order of the process?

<p>Rough ER, Golgi apparatus, transport vesicle, plasma membrane (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of junction is responsible for fastening cells together into strong sheets?

<p>Adhesion junctions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In terms of resolution, which image would likely show the best quality?

<p>(missing image d) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly lists the objects in order from largest to smallest?

<p>Endoplasmic reticulum, nucleus, lysosomes, Golgi apparatus, plasma membrane (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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