Cell Biology: Mitochondrion and Chloroplast Structure
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Questions and Answers

What is the function of cristae in mitochondria?

  • Assist in carbohydrate breakdown (correct)
  • Capture solar energy
  • Store DNA
  • Synthesize carbohydrates
  • Which organelle utilizes solar energy to synthesize carbohydrates?

  • Mitochondrion
  • Cytoskeleton
  • Nucleus
  • Chloroplast (correct)
  • What feature do mitochondria and chloroplasts share with bacteria?

  • Double membrane structure
  • Presence of ribosomes
  • Thylakoid membrane
  • Circular DNA molecules (correct)
  • What is a unique characteristic of the Cytoskeleton?

    <p>Organizes cell structures and activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle is responsible for synthesizing lipids like phospholipids and steroids?

    <p>Smooth ER</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the endosymbiont theory, what is the relationship between eukaryotes and prokaryotes?

    <p>Eukaryotes engulfed prokaryotic cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of rough ER in a cell?

    <p>Modifying proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle has a three-membrane system including a stroma and thylakoids?

    <p>Chloroplast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle is responsible for the breakdown of carbohydrates to produce ATP?

    <p>Mitochondria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Tay-Sachs disease, which organelle is affected due to the missing enzyme for a particular lipid molecule?

    <p>Lysosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle acts as a transfer station, receiving vesicles from the ER and modifying molecules within them?

    <p>Golgi apparatus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of vacuoles in plant cells?

    <p>Storing nutrients and maintaining water balance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is DNA organized into discrete units called chromosomes?

    <p>Nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the region in the nucleus where RNA and ribosomal RNA (rRNA) are made?

    <p>Nucleolus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle helps compartmentalize the cell and restrict certain reactions to specific regions?

    <p>Golgi apparatus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do ribosomes build proteins in eukaryotic cells?

    <p>Cytosol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle accounts for more than half of the total membrane in many eukaryotic cells?

    <p>Endoplasmic reticulum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of microfilaments in the cytoskeleton?

    <p>Form a dense web to support the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which motor protein interacts with actin for muscle contraction?

    <p>Myosin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are centrioles found and what is their function in the cell?

    <p>Found in animal cells, involved in cell division</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which extracellular component adds strength to plant cell walls?

    <p>Lignin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of extracellular matrix (ECM) in animals?

    <p>Facilitates communication between neighboring cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do cilia differ from flagella?

    <p>Flagella are longer and less numerous than cilia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of junction is responsible for allowing communication between two cells?

    <p>Gap junctions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are enzymes responsible for biosynthesis of membrane lipids typically located?

    <p>Endoplasmic reticulum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the exocytosis or secretion pathway, what is the correct order of the process?

    <p>Rough ER, Golgi apparatus, transport vesicle, plasma membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of junction is responsible for fastening cells together into strong sheets?

    <p>Adhesion junctions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of resolution, which image would likely show the best quality?

    <p>(missing image d)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly lists the objects in order from largest to smallest?

    <p>Endoplasmic reticulum, nucleus, lysosomes, Golgi apparatus, plasma membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

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