29 Questions
What is the function of cristae in mitochondria?
Assist in carbohydrate breakdown
Which organelle utilizes solar energy to synthesize carbohydrates?
Chloroplast
What feature do mitochondria and chloroplasts share with bacteria?
Circular DNA molecules
What is a unique characteristic of the Cytoskeleton?
Organizes cell structures and activities
Which organelle is responsible for synthesizing lipids like phospholipids and steroids?
Smooth ER
According to the endosymbiont theory, what is the relationship between eukaryotes and prokaryotes?
Eukaryotes engulfed prokaryotic cells
What is the main function of rough ER in a cell?
Modifying proteins
Which organelle has a three-membrane system including a stroma and thylakoids?
Chloroplast
Which organelle is responsible for the breakdown of carbohydrates to produce ATP?
Mitochondria
In Tay-Sachs disease, which organelle is affected due to the missing enzyme for a particular lipid molecule?
Lysosomes
Which organelle acts as a transfer station, receiving vesicles from the ER and modifying molecules within them?
Golgi apparatus
What is the main function of vacuoles in plant cells?
Storing nutrients and maintaining water balance
Where is DNA organized into discrete units called chromosomes?
Nucleus
What is the region in the nucleus where RNA and ribosomal RNA (rRNA) are made?
Nucleolus
Which organelle helps compartmentalize the cell and restrict certain reactions to specific regions?
Golgi apparatus
Where do ribosomes build proteins in eukaryotic cells?
Cytosol
Which organelle accounts for more than half of the total membrane in many eukaryotic cells?
Endoplasmic reticulum
What is the function of microfilaments in the cytoskeleton?
Form a dense web to support the cell
Which motor protein interacts with actin for muscle contraction?
Myosin
Where are centrioles found and what is their function in the cell?
Found in animal cells, involved in cell division
Which extracellular component adds strength to plant cell walls?
Lignin
What is the function of extracellular matrix (ECM) in animals?
Facilitates communication between neighboring cells
How do cilia differ from flagella?
Flagella are longer and less numerous than cilia
Which type of junction is responsible for allowing communication between two cells?
Gap junctions
Where are enzymes responsible for biosynthesis of membrane lipids typically located?
Endoplasmic reticulum
In the exocytosis or secretion pathway, what is the correct order of the process?
Rough ER, Golgi apparatus, transport vesicle, plasma membrane
Which type of junction is responsible for fastening cells together into strong sheets?
Adhesion junctions
In terms of resolution, which image would likely show the best quality?
(missing image d)
Which of the following correctly lists the objects in order from largest to smallest?
Endoplasmic reticulum, nucleus, lysosomes, Golgi apparatus, plasma membrane
Learn about the structures of mitochondria and chloroplasts, including the double membrane, cristae, and matrix. Understand how these organelles play a crucial role in energy production through carbohydrate breakdown and photosynthesis.
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