Mine Safety and Emergency Response
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Questions and Answers

At what angle do avalanches rarely start?

  • More than 45° (correct)
  • Exactly 45°
  • Less than 30°
  • Between 30° to 45°

    • What type of snow is most common in winter after storms?

  • Wet new snow
  • Heavy, wet, sun-heated snow
  • Dry powder snow (correct)
  • Wet snow

    • What is a characteristic of Loose Snow Avalanches?

  • They require snow with poor cohesion (correct)
  • They are common in spring and summer
  • They are massive and destructive
  • They occur on north-facing slopes

    • What triggers Slab Avalanches?

    <p>Poor cohesion between snow layers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an environmental factor that affects snow conditions?

    <p>Wind</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a type of natural trigger for avalanches?

    <p>New snow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of avalanches are common in spring and summer?

    <p>Wet snow avalanches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of Slab Avalanches?

    <p>They involve a slab of fairly cohesive snow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to persons exposed to household voltages?

    <p>They may suffer a muscle spasm and become locked-on to the electrical source</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common cause of fires involving electrical equipment?

    <p>Presence of combustible materials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens at very high voltages, such as from power lines?

    <p>The casualty is often quickly blown clear of the circuit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a risk associated with electrical arcs?

    <p>Serious eye damage from ultraviolet rays</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical outcome of exposure to a low voltage current?

    <p>Many electrical fatalities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of the voltage on the body?

    <p>It pushes the current through the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical nature of electrical equipment in normal operating conditions?

    <p>Safe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can happen if someone is exposed to an electrical source for a relatively long period?

    <p>They may suffer serious internal damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many provinces or territories are mentioned in the manual as areas where mine rescue teams operate?

    <p>4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary responsibility of mine rescuers in an emergency response?

    <p>Ensuring their own safety and the safety of their team</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of this manual?

    <p>To demonstrate the basic equipment, procedures, practices, and principles of mine rescue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of not performing mine rescue properly?

    <p>Mine rescue can be dangerous work</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of mine officials in the event of an emergency?

    <p>To be familiar with their roles and responsibilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in becoming a mine rescue team member?

    <p>Reading this manual and training course</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of incident is mentioned in the manual as a potential response for mine rescue teams?

    <p>Electrical fire</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of mine rescue teams' training and practice?

    <p>It enables them to come back safe and sound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most dangerous type of avalanche?

    <p>Simultaneous avalanche over a large area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who plays a crucial role in the successful rescue of a person buried in an avalanche?

    <p>Unburied survivors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When crossing an avalanche track, what should you do to prepare?

    <p>Tighten your clothing and smaller packs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum required equipment for every avalanche rescuer?

    <p>Probe, Avalanche transceiver, and Shovel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When traveling on ice, what should be tested frequently in various locations?

    <p>The thickness of the ice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of ice requires careful consideration when traveling on it?

    <p>River or lake ice with movement of water beneath</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the strength of the ice when traveling on it?

    <p>The smallest thickness of the ice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should you assign a spotter at the top and bottom of the track when crossing an avalanche track?

    <p>To agree on a warning signal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the distinctive odour of hydrogen cyanide?

    <p>Bitter almonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what temperature does hydrogen cyanide condense to a liquid?

    <p>-26°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the explosive range of hydrogen cyanide?

    <p>5.6%–40%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is hydrogen cyanide formed?

    <p>Reaction of hydrochloric acid on cyanide compounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where may hydrogen cyanide occur?

    <p>Concentrator areas where cyanide is used as a reagent in the milling of gold ore</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of hydrogen cyanide on the human body?

    <p>It interferes with the normal use of oxygen by nearly every organ of the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of a low concentration of hydrogen cyanide on humans?

    <p>Minor symptoms such as weakness and giddiness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the IDLH of hydrogen cyanide?

    <p>&gt;50 PPM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Mine Rescue

    • Every mine must maintain a mine rescue team to ensure the safety of workers and property in B.C., Yukon, Northwest Territories, and Nunavut.
    • Mine Rescue teams have responded to incidents and disasters in northern and western Canada for over a century.

    Avalanche Response

    • Avalanches can be triggered by natural events (new snow, temperature changes, sun, rain, thawing) or human activities (explosives, working on a slope, mobile equipment, recreational activities).
    • Two types of avalanches:
      • Loose Snow Avalanches: dry powder snow or wet snow, confined to surface layers, relatively small.
      • Slab Avalanches: cohesive layers of snow, poorly bonded, breaks off along a fracture line, most dangerous.

    Avalanche Safety

    • To cross an avalanche track:
      • Select the shortest possible route high on the slope or low in the run-out zone.
      • Plan an escape route.
      • Wear protective gear (mitts, hats, tight clothing).
      • Assign a spotter at the top and bottom of the track and agree on a warning signal.
      • Cross quickly, maintaining space between rescuers.

    Avalanche Rescue Gear

    • Minimum required equipment:
      • Probe
      • Avalanche transceiver (beacon)
      • Shovel

    Ice Travel

    • Testing ice thickness is crucial for safe travel on frozen lakes and rivers.
    • Table 3.1 indicates the weight that will be supported by varying thicknesses of clear blue lake-ice.

    Electrical Emergencies

    • Exposure to electricity can cause muscle spasms, electrical shock, and cardiac arrest.
    • Voltage, current, and frequency affect the severity of electrical injuries.
    • Special considerations for electrical emergencies include combustible materials and faulty electrical equipment.

    Gas and Chemical Symbol: Hydrogen Cyanide (HCN)

    • Properties: colorless, tasteless gas with a distinctive odor of bitter almonds.
    • Formation: reaction of hydrochloric acid on cyanide compounds, such as potassium/sodium cyanide.
    • Effects on humans: fast-acting and deadly poison, causes paralysis of the respiratory system and chemical asphyxiation.
    • Physiological effects:
      • 0-20 PPM: may detect odor, minor symptoms.
      • 20-50 PPM: restlessness, increased respiratory rate, weakness, giddiness, difficulty breathing, heart palpitations, headache.
      • >50 PPM: immediately dangerous to life and health (IDLH).

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    Description

    Learn about the importance of mine rescue teams and avalanche response in ensuring worker safety and property protection in northern and western Canada.

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