10 Questions
What is the main purpose of concentration in milk processing?
To diminish the volume and enhance the keeping quality
What are the two methods used to achieve concentration in milk processing?
Evaporation and drying
What is the result of evaporation in milk processing?
Decreased water content
What is the purpose of aseptic packaging in milk processing?
To extend the shelf life of milk
What is the process of removing water from milk to produce a powder?
Drying
What is the benefit of concentration in milk processing?
Enhanced keeping quality
What is the step that connects milk reception and milk processing?
Milk collection
What is the final destination of the milk production process?
Customers' plate
What is the purpose of cooling in milk processing?
To decrease the temperature of milk
What is the process of reducing the temperature of milk to very low temperatures?
Freezing
Study Notes
Milk Processing
- Milk processing involves several stages: heat treatment, stabilized tank, filling machine, sterilization, storage, UHT, and aseptic packaging
Concentration
- Concentration involves removal of part of the water in milk, skim milk, whey, and other milk products to:
- Diminish volume
- Enhance keeping quality
- Methods of concentration:
- Evaporation
- Drying
- Evaporation can be done using evaporators
- Drying is done to:
- Make a durable product
- Preserve food by preventing growth and activity of micro-organisms
- Reduce weight and bulk of food for cheaper transport and storage
- Drying methods:
- Spray drying
- Drum (Roller) drying
- Concentration before drying can reduce energy and drier costs
Cooling and Freezing
- Cooling and freezing are used to preserve milk
- Freezing:
- Causes partial coalescence (clumping) of fat globules in whole milk and cream
- Can be prevented by prior homogenization and rapid freezing
- Lowers water activity and increases osmotic pressure of the remaining liquid
- May cause limited destruction of microorganisms
- Rapid freezing is achieved in a scrapped-surface heat exchanger
Aseptic Packaging
- Aseptic packaging involves:
- Sterilization of the container
- Filling with a commercially sterile product in an aseptic environment
- Hermetically sealing the container
- Aseptic packaging ensures absence of unwanted organisms from the product, package, equipment, or environment
This quiz covers the various stages of milk processing, including heat treatment and sterilization, as well as methods of concentration, such as evaporation and drying. Learn about the importance of concentration in milk products.
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