Milk Composition and Nutrients Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which molecule is lactose composed of?

  • Maltose + Fructose
  • Lactose is a monosaccharide
  • Glucose + Fructose
  • Glucose + Galactose (correct)

What is the main constituent of milk?

  • Protein
  • Fat
  • Carbohydrate
  • Water (correct)

What effect do normal pasteurization conditions have on lactose?

  • Have no significant effect on lactose (correct)
  • Convert lactose into monosaccharides
  • Cause browning and isomerization reactions in lactose
  • Significantly reduce lactose content

What are oligosaccharides and polysaccharides composed of?

<p>A few to many sugar molecules (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of carbohydrates in milk?

<p>Approximately 4.9% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the undesirable outcome of the browning reaction, also known as the Maillard reaction, in milk?

<p>Undesirable flavors and color (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common type of fat, which contains 3 fatty acids attached to a 3-carbon backbone?

<p>Triglyceride (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are mono- and diglycerides primarily used for in foods?

<p>Emulsifying fat and water (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of saturated fatty acids are present in milk fat?

<p>65% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the enzymes that degrade fat, and what is the process called?

<p>Lipases, lipolysis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is lactose?

A sugar molecule composed of glucose and galactose.

What is the key component of milk?

The main component of milk, making up around 87% of its composition.

Does pasteurization impact lactose?

Normal pasteurization conditions do not significantly alter the structure of lactose.

What are oligosaccharides and polysaccharides?

Oligosaccharides contain a few sugar molecules, while polysaccharides comprise many sugar molecules.

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What is the carbohydrate content of milk?

Milk contains approximately 4.9% carbohydrates, mainly in the form of lactose.

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What is the result of the Maillard reaction in milk?

The Maillard reaction, also known as browning, can lead to undesirable flavors and color changes in milk.

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What is a triglyceride?

A common fat molecule with three fatty acids attached to a glycerol backbone.

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What are mono- and diglycerides used for?

Mono- and diglycerides are used to emulsify fat and water in food products.

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What is the percentage of saturated fatty acids in milk fat?

Milk fat contains approximately 65% saturated fatty acids.

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What enzymes break down fat, and what is the process?

Enzymes called lipases break down fat in a process called lipolysis.

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