15-129
500 Questions
7 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the 23d Special Operations Weather Squadron?

  • To provide installation and airfield weather services
  • To provide centralized weather analysis and forecasting products (correct)
  • To equip unit personnel with personal tactical/deployment equipment
  • To conduct weather reconnaissance and gathering data
  • Who provides weather reconnaissance aircraft and crews in support of CCMD requirements?

  • 53d Weather Reconnaissance Squadron (correct)
  • 160th Special Operations Aviation Regiment
  • 23d Special Operations Weather Squadron
  • Rapid Fielding Initiative provider
  • What is the purpose of coordinating with the Central Issue Facility and Rapid Fielding Initiative provider?

  • To provide centralized weather analysis and forecasting products
  • To equip unit personnel with personal tactical/deployment equipment (correct)
  • To conduct documentation functions
  • To conduct weather integration and MEFP
  • What guide is used for sequencing and prioritizing weather functional areas?

    <p>Weather Functional Area Prioritization and Sequencing Guide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which unit is responsible for conducting weather integration and MEFP?

    <p>23d Special Operations Weather Squadron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the 53d Weather Reconnaissance Squadron?

    <p>To support CCMD requirements with weather reconnaissance aircraft and crews</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who does the 23d Special Operations Weather Squadron provide weather support to?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What publication outlines the operations procedures for WC-130J aircraft?

    <p>AFMAN 11-2WC-130JV3, WC-130J Operations Procedures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum ceiling requirement when an aircrew must file for an alternate?

    <p>Greater than or equal to 4800 meters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the visibility requirement for an airfield to qualify as an alternate when filing a flight plan?

    <p>Greater than or equal to 3 statute miles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of weather personnel understanding all aspects of weather's effect on operations?

    <p>To anticipate and mitigate weather effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the category of an airfield with a ceiling of less than 1500ft but greater than or equal to the lowest published landing minimum plus 400ft?

    <p>Category C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What guidance is provided in DAFI 21-103?

    <p>Equipment Inventory and Status Reporting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the source of the regulation for airfield ceiling and visibility specifications?

    <p>AR 95-1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum ceiling requirement for an airfield to be considered a suitable destination?

    <p>Greater than or equal to the lowest published landing minimum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the DPAS Property Custodian as defined in DAFMAN 17-1203?

    <p>Maintaining accountability of equipment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the category of an airfield with a ceiling of less than the lowest published landing minimum?

    <p>Category A</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of weather leadership organizing personnel to support operations?

    <p>To maximize the unit's ability to inject the right information at the right time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of familiarizing weather personnel with the weather functional community Prioritization and Sequencing Guidance?

    <p>To integrate weather capabilities into mission planning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the visibility requirement for an airfield to be considered a suitable destination?

    <p>Greater than or equal to 3 statute miles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the weather supplement to the War Mobilization Plan?

    <p>To support operations planning and execution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of filing for an alternate airfield?

    <p>To ensure a safe landing in case of bad weather</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical area affected by warnings?

    <p>A 5NM radius of the airfield</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be included in warnings and advisories?

    <p>Maximum expected hail size, rain/snow accumulation, or wind speed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of pattern duties at home station to mirror those described in Mission Capability Statements?

    <p>To support operations planning and execution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of commanders in leveraging weather information?

    <p>To enable situational understanding of the operational environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How much prior notice should be given for watches issued for phenomena other than lightning?

    <p>A minimum of 1 hour</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between a watch and a warning?

    <p>A watch is not a substitute for a warning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should a completely new warning or advisory be issued?

    <p>When the phenomenon's occurrence changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done when a WWA is no longer applicable?

    <p>Cancel the original warning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many weather forecast warnings or advisories should be issued for the same criteria at any given time?

    <p>One</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of documenting deviations in supported agency data pages or applicable plans or instructions?

    <p>To provide a record of deviations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the default desired lead-time for units if the supported organization does not specify a minimum?

    <p>T-3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of ensuring horizontal consistency with TAF and other forecast products?

    <p>To ensure consistency in weather watches and warnings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for issuing WWAs in a standard format and numbering scheme?

    <p>To facilitate easy dissemination of WWAs through the AFWWS enterprise application</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should the ending valid time be used for observed WWAs?

    <p>Never, instead use 'Valid until further notice'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for specifying the area affected when issuing WWAs?

    <p>To provide clear information to the affected parties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the scenario in which watches may be issued for an area larger than the corresponding warning?

    <p>When the watch is for high winds for a specific area and surrounding local flying area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of notifying the 557 WW and/or LWU if their products are inconsistent with locally issued WWAs?

    <p>To maintain horizontal consistency throughout all WPs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for issuing WWAs in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and/or Local Time?

    <p>To provide clear and consistent time information to the affected parties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of coordinating with contract offices according to AFI 64-102?

    <p>To ensure contracted weather support is appropriately defined</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the Weather Data Steward according to DAFI 90-302?

    <p>To establish weather data protection, sharing, and governance guidelines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of developing and cross-feeding technical training materials throughout the command?

    <p>To ensure that weather personnel have the necessary skills and knowledge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of appointing Data Managers and Data Custodians?

    <p>To establish weather data protection, sharing, and governance guidelines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of providing weather inputs applicable to the development/revision of weather support plans?

    <p>To ensure that weather plans are accurate and effective</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of engaging in planning, programming, and budgeting for MAJCOM weather resources?

    <p>To manage the allocation of weather resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary responsibility of the Air Force Operations Group (AFOG) Weather Branch?

    <p>Providing and/or arranging for global weather support to various organizations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of overseeing the accuracy and currency of equipment accountability and readiness reporting?

    <p>To ensure that equipment is properly maintained and ready for use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the AFOG Weather Branch providing situational awareness products and briefings?

    <p>To support senior DoD and U.S. government leaders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of providing staff assistance, technical training assistance, and technical consultant assistance to assigned weather organizations?

    <p>To provide support and guidance to weather organizations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Contingency Response Force (CRF) weather personnel?

    <p>To perform functions and responsibilities consistent with AFI 10-202</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the AFOG Weather Branch coordinating with the 557 WW?

    <p>To arrange for dissemination of local weather watches, warnings, and advisories for the Pentagon Reservation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of support does the AFOG Weather Branch provide to the Air Force Crisis Action Team and Army Crisis Action Team?

    <p>Staff weather support during contingencies, emergencies, and exercises</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the AFOG Weather Branch tailoring and integrating environmental information?

    <p>To tailor and integrate air, space, land, and oceanographic environmental information into situational awareness products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the AFOG Weather Branch arranging for dissemination of local weather watches, warnings, and advisories?

    <p>To support HQ DAF, HQDA, and other senior Pentagon staff organizations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the AFOG Weather Branch in providing climatology data and products?

    <p>To provide climatology data and products as required</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mission of ANG WFs while in IDT or Title-32 status?

    <p>To train all assigned weather personnel to support aligned ANG and/or ARNG customers upon federal mobilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Research, Development, Test, and Evaluation Meteorologists (RDT&E Mets)?

    <p>To integrate with requirements managers to identify and mitigate weather and environmental threats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the WHMO weather unit?

    <p>To provide weather observations, mission specific forecasts, watches, and warnings/advisories to the President</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of ANG personnel supporting rotational taskings on a volunteer basis?

    <p>To support sustainment and mobilization requirements as formally tasked by the RegAF component</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of RDT&E Mets during the acquisition lifecycle of DAF and Joint/Allied/Coalition systems?

    <p>To ensure successful identification and mitigation of weather and environmental threats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of ANG personnel during federal mobilization?

    <p>To train all assigned weather personnel to support aligned ANG and/or ARNG customers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of WHMO weather unit's support to White House functions?

    <p>To provide weather support to the President and help maintain the continuity of the Presidency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of ANG personnel's training during IDT or Title-32 status?

    <p>To train all assigned weather personnel to support aligned ANG and/or ARNG customers upon federal mobilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the criteria for amending wind speed forecasts?

    <p>Wind speed difference between forecast and observed is greater than 10 knots</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the threshold for icing associated with thunderstorms?

    <p>Moderate or greater</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the criteria for amending wind direction forecasts?

    <p>Change in wind direction is greater than 30 degrees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the threshold for turbulence associated with thunderstorms?

    <p>Moderate or greater</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the criteria for issuing watches for icing and turbulence?

    <p>When the phenomena is expected to occur during the forecast period</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the source of the regulation for amending wind forecasts?

    <p>DAFMAN 15-129</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the criteria for amending wind gust forecasts?

    <p>Wind gust difference between forecast and observed is greater than 10 knots</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the criteria for amending icing forecasts?

    <p>Icing intensity is moderate or greater</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When determining the forecast category, what should be used to determine the category?

    <p>Lower ceiling or visibility value</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the substitute for 5000M and 3000M in OCONUS locations?

    <p>4800M and 3200M respectively</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of WF/Dets in limited-duty locations?

    <p>To develop or arrange alternative solutions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should WF/Dets do if no practical alternative local solution(s) exist?

    <p>Coordinate with their applicable component SWO or MAJCOM functional</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is responsible for issuing WWAs for their host installation/aerodrome complex and supported parent/tenant unit missions and resources?

    <p>WF/Dets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of WF/Dets issuing WWAs?

    <p>To inform key decision makers and personnel of potential and observed weather conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should WF/Dets do for ANG/ARNG dual-use military/civilian airfields?

    <p>Document WWA support IAW Chapter 3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done for limited-duty locations outside of regular duty hours?

    <p>Attempt to develop or arrange alternative solutions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of providing weather 'GO/NO GO' determinations for Launch Agency constraints?

    <p>To support Lightning Launch Commit Criteria per Space Systems Command Manual (SSCMAN) 91-710V6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which publication outlines the Lightning Launch Commit Criteria for Space Flight?

    <p>NASA-STD-4010</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Combat Weather Units in supporting Army operations?

    <p>Training and posturing forces and equipment to provide Staff Weather Officer (SWO) support</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of managing unit supply accounts and Army Modification Table of Organizational Equipment (MTOE) equipment?

    <p>To ensure required UTC and Army-provided support equipment is on-hand and deployable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of providing METOC support to Human Space Flight (HSF) operations?

    <p>To comply with applicable Operation Orders (OPORDs) and coordination with the HSF JMO and USSPACECOM SMO</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the Weather Data Steward according to DAFI 90-302?

    <p>To provide weather inputs applicable to the development/revision of weather support plans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the LWU in a mission?

    <p>To determine the weather unit assignment for a mission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of appointing Data Managers and Data Custodians?

    <p>To ensure data accuracy and currency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Control Weather Products (CWPs) in a mission?

    <p>To ensure mission forecast consistency among supporting units</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of organization provides trusted METOC data and information to fulfill CCMD and component requirements?

    <p>METOC Production Center (MPC)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary responsibility of the Air Force Operations Group (AFOG) Weather Branch?

    <p>To provide situational awareness products and briefings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a multinational operation, what should be followed for METOC support?

    <p>Multinational doctrine and procedures ratified by the U.S.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if units are unable to come to a consensus on the LWU for a mission?

    <p>Elevate to the MAJCOM or component staff for resolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of unit services the lead airlift aircraft unit for weather support?

    <p>Joint Airborne/Air Transportability Training Unit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the LWU for a Special Operations mission?

    <p>Nature of the operation as directed by the appointed JMO</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the LWU in a mission?

    <p>To determine the weather unit assignment for a mission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the criteria for issuing a weather warning if the altimeter setting meets or exceeds 31.00 INS and was not specified in the forecast?

    <p>Altimeter setting meets or exceeds 31.00 INS and was not specified in the forecast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when forecast conditions specified as temporary become predominant conditions?

    <p>Forecast conditions specified as temporary become predominant conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should a weather advisory be issued?

    <p>When weather conditions are expected to occur but were not specified in the forecast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when forecast change conditions do not occur within 30 minutes after the specified time?

    <p>Forecast change conditions are no longer expected to occur</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should a weather warning be issued?

    <p>When weather conditions are expected to occur and are a threat to life or property</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the criteria for issuing a weather advisory if thunderstorms are expected to occur but were not specified in the forecast?

    <p>Thunderstorms are expected to occur but were not specified in the forecast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should a weather advisory be cancelled?

    <p>When weather conditions are no longer expected to occur during the forecast period</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the criteria for issuing a weather warning if the altimeter setting drops below 28.00 INS and was not specified in the forecast?

    <p>Altimeter setting drops below 28.00 INS and was not specified in the forecast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum ceiling requirement for an airfield to be considered a suitable destination?

    <p>Greater than or equal to 1500ft</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the category of an airfield with a ceiling of less than 1500ft but greater than or equal to the lowest published landing minimum plus 400ft?

    <p>C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the visibility requirement for an airfield to qualify as an alternate when filing a flight plan?

    <p>Greater than or equal to 3SM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the source of the regulation for airfield ceiling and visibility specifications?

    <p>AR 95-1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When must an aircrew file for an alternate airfield?

    <p>When the airfield weather conditions are less than 1500M/3SM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the category of an airfield with a ceiling of less than the lowest published landing minimum?

    <p>A</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the visibility requirement for an airfield to be considered a suitable destination?

    <p>Greater than or equal to 1SM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum ceiling requirement for an airfield to qualify as an alternate when filing a flight plan?

    <p>Greater than or equal to the lowest published landing minimum plus 400ft</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines when a lightning watch is cancelled?

    <p>When the potential for lightning within the next 30 minutes is no longer forecast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should a WWA be cancelled?

    <p>When conditions are no longer occurring and are not expected to reoccur within the DLT of the WWA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done when a WWA is upgraded or downgraded?

    <p>Use the default wording for upgrading/downgrading in the AFWWS enterprise application</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done when the WWA notification system is inoperable?

    <p>Notify ATC and the C2 authority responsible for the Installation Notification and Warning System</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of clearly stating how amended, extended, or cancelled WWAs affect other issued notices for the same criteria?

    <p>To clearly state how amended, extended, or cancelled WWAs affect other issued notices for the same criteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When can a watch, a forecast warning, and an observed advisory be valid at the same time for different thresholds of the same criteria?

    <p>Only when the thresholds are different</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done when cancelling an observed WWA?

    <p>Cancel the WWA 15 minutes after the last occurrence of the criteria is no longer forecast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be used when the WWA notification system is inoperable?

    <p>DAF Form 3807, Watch/Warning Notification and Verification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of WF/Dets?

    <p>To integrate environmental impacts into every phase of end-user operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC)?

    <p>To issue and disseminate tropical cyclone advisories and warnings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of providing direct weather support to Group 3-5 RPA?

    <p>To provide tailored weather support for specific RPA operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Chapter 6 in relation to RPA support?

    <p>To outline the procedures for providing direct weather support to Group 3-5 RPA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of WF/Dets conducting weather integration and MEFP?

    <p>To assess the mission environment and identify environmental threats and opportunities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of JTWC reports?

    <p>To inform the DoD and other U.S. government agencies of tropical cyclone advisories and warnings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of WF/Dets in relation to mission execution?

    <p>To enable mission execution by identifying environmental threats and opportunities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of WF/Dets in relation to parent/host units?

    <p>To integrate with the parent/host unit's mission and operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the 23 SOWS providing centralized weather analysis and forecasting products?

    <p>To ensure horizontal consistency with other weather units within the GCC Area of Operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which unit is responsible for providing weather reconnaissance aircraft and crews in support of CCMD requirements?

    <p>53d Weather Reconnaissance Squadron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of coordinating deployment posturing, logistic requirements, and readiness exercise support?

    <p>To ensure units are equipped with personal tactical/deployment equipment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the 23 SOWS providing weather support to AFSOC Special Operations Task Groups?

    <p>To provide weather support to deployed AFSOF/ARSOF without organic support</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Weather Functional Area Prioritization and Sequencing Guide?

    <p>To prioritize and sequence weather functional areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the 53d Weather Reconnaissance Squadron?

    <p>To provide weather reconnaissance aircraft and crews in support of CCMD requirements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the 23 SOWS providing Installation and Airfield Weather services?

    <p>To ensure horizontal consistency with other weather units within the GCC Area of Operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the 23 SOWS providing Aviation Weather Forecasting services?

    <p>To provide weather forecasting products to meet deployed Air Force and Army Special Operations Force mission requirements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary responsibility of the AFWWS as the Principle Operational Test Organization?

    <p>To plan, coordinate, and accomplish operational test and evaluation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the 2.3.15 capability?

    <p>To develop, secure, and operate applications to collect, quality control, and archive terrestrial weather and climate data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the 2.3.17 capability?

    <p>To provide climate and hydro-climatology (including historical data, climate predictions, and climate projections) analysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the 2.3.18 capability?

    <p>To develop, secure, operate, and exploit high-resolution NWP capabilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the Sponsored Projects Officer (SPO) for SEON?

    <p>To provide sustainment and maintenance of the Solar Electro-Optical Network (SEON) program</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the 2.3.14 capability?

    <p>To provide unclassified worldwide public weather planning forecasts to the Defense Media Agency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the 2.3.16 capability?

    <p>To develop and provide risk assessments, forensic meteorological analyses, and climate services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the AFWWS as described in 2.3.13?

    <p>To provide mission-tailored terrestrial, Electro-magnetic spectrum (EMS), space weather analyses and forecasts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organization is identified as the lead federal agency for DSCA missions?

    <p>National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the 53d WRS supporting other outside agency missions?

    <p>To provide a benefit to the DoD</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is responsible for planning, organizing, and coordinating all WR DSCA activities?

    <p>CARCAH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the WR Plan of the Day (POD)?

    <p>To publish validated and approved RFA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is responsible for conducting weather integration and MEFP?

    <p>Not mentioned in the content</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the authority under which DSCA operations are conducted?

    <p>Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff DSCA Execution Order</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is the force provider of WR forces?

    <p>AFRC Commander</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should requests for support be submitted for vetting?

    <p>Via email to <a href="mailto:[email protected]">[email protected]</a></p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical area affected by warnings for Military Operating Areas?

    <p>A larger area than a 5NM radius of the airfield</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be included in warnings and advisories, according to the guidance?

    <p>The maximum expected hail size, rain/snow accumulation, or wind speed, as applicable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How much prior notice should be given for watches issued for lightning?

    <p>At least 30 minutes prior to issuing a warning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done when a WWA is no longer applicable?

    <p>Issue a completely new warning or advisory with a new number</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many weather forecast warnings or advisories should be issued for the same criteria at any given time?

    <p>Only one</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of documenting deviations in supported agency data pages or applicable plans or instructions?

    <p>To identify and correct errors or discrepancies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between a watch and a warning?

    <p>A watch is a precursor to a warning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should a completely new warning or advisory be issued?

    <p>When the weather conditions have changed significantly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of reports can be used to verify warnings and advisories when unit leadership determines they are credible?

    <p>Unofficial reports from credible sources, including Storm Prediction Center Storm Reports, CWOP, and CoCoRaHS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who serves as the approval authority for subjective verification of weather events?

    <p>MAJCOM or component weather staffs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should severe thunderstorm and moderate thunderstorm warnings be verified?

    <p>Upon first occurrence of either wind or hail threshold at the warned location</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the responsibility of unit leadership when using subjective verification?

    <p>To take responsibility for a missed occurrence of the weather threat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should each phenomenon be verified separately?

    <p>To ensure accuracy and consistency in verification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of data can be used for evaluating and verifying WWA products?

    <p>Objective data from radars, mesonets, environmental monitoring systems, and other sensing systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should subjective analysis of available data be used?

    <p>When objective verification is not possible, inadequate, or misrepresentative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical radius of the area affected by warnings?

    <p>5NM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be included in warnings and advisories according to local support agreements?

    <p>Maximum expected hail size, rain/snow accumulation, or wind speed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of verifying warnings and advisories?

    <p>To evaluate the accuracy and effectiveness of WWA products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How much prior notice should be given for lightning watches?

    <p>At least 30 minutes or the desired lead time of the supported unit/installation, whichever is longer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done when a WWA is no longer applicable?

    <p>Issue a completely new warning or advisory with a new number</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many weather forecast warnings or advisories should be issued for the same criteria at any given time?

    <p>1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of documenting deviations in supported agency data pages or applicable plans or instructions?

    <p>To document differences between supported agency data and local plans or instructions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should a lightning watch be issued?

    <p>At least 30 minutes prior to issuing a lightning warning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between a watch and a warning?

    <p>A watch is a precursor to a warning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of providing input to the development of support concepts, CONOPS, and weather tactics, techniques, and procedures?

    <p>To inform weather support and integration for new and emerging technology.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Radar, Airfield, and Weather Systems (RAWS) work centers?

    <p>To coordinate and establish outage reporting procedures for equipment with their aligned garrison/deployed maintenance unit.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of completing initial and continuation training?

    <p>To earn certifications in Program Management, Test and Evaluation, and/or Science and Technology Manager level 1.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the responsibility of units assigned weather equipment?

    <p>To coordinate and establish outage reporting procedures for equipment with their aligned garrison/deployed maintenance unit.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of serving as a Subject Matter Expert (SME) to the Sponsor Point of Contact and Technical Point of Contact (TPOC)?

    <p>To assist in authoring Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) and/or Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) topic solicitations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of reporting outages and maintenance actions on equipment not maintained by RAWS work centers?

    <p>To ensure the accuracy and currency of equipment accountability and readiness reporting.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Weather units in relation to maintenance responsibility?

    <p>To maintain weather sensing equipment in deployed units.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of providing input to development of weather tactics, techniques, and procedures?

    <p>To inform weather support and integration for new and emerging technology.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of verifying heavy snow warnings using manually observed snowfall totals?

    <p>To provide accurate snowfall data for weather forecasting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be collected during the valid period of a heavy snow warning?

    <p>Hourly liquid precipitation measurements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is weather radar data unreliable for determining snowfall?

    <p>Because it cannot objectively verify heavy snow warnings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using accumulated reports of 6-hourly, 12-hourly, or summary of the day during the valid period of a heavy snow warning?

    <p>To estimate actual time of occurrence based on interpolations from METAR or synoptic reports</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done when a heavy snow warning does not verify by other means?

    <p>Use radar reflectivity returns or NWS CWOP to subjectively evaluate the warning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of converting one-hour liquid precipitation measurements into hourly snow equivalent?

    <p>To verify heavy snow warnings using manually observed snowfall totals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it necessary to verify radar-generated precipitation products for accuracy?

    <p>To account for high reflectivity phenomena such as hail or bright band contamination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of collecting one-hour amounts reported by the airfield observing system commencing with the hour that the warning was issued?

    <p>To verify heavy snow warnings using manually observed snowfall totals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of determining the CWP format, content, delivery method/times, and amendment criteria?

    <p>To ensure timely and accurate weather support to the mission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of coordinating CWP issue times and delivery methods with the supported C2 element and supporting weather organizations involved in the mission?

    <p>To facilitate communication between weather organizations and the C2 element</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the weather unit in a Joint Mission, according to Table 4.3?

    <p>To provide weather support to the JMO-designated LWU</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of METWATCHing the CWP and amending it as required based on mission critical weather thresholds?

    <p>To ensure that the CWP meets the mission critical weather thresholds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical role of the weather unit providing weather support to the Air Refueling (Training) mission?

    <p>To service the lead receiving aircraft unit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of determining the LWU Rule Type of Mission?

    <p>To identify the weather unit responsible for providing weather support to the mission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the weather unit in a Global Reach mission, according to Table 4.3?

    <p>To integrate with the AMC C2 Element</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of coordinating with supporting weather organizations to METWATCH the CWP and amend it as required?

    <p>To ensure that the CWP meets the mission critical weather thresholds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of clearly stating how amended, extended, or cancelled WWAs affects other issued notices for the same criteria?

    <p>To facilitate effective communication to affected units and personnel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should lightning watches be canceled?

    <p>When the potential for lightning is no longer forecast within the next 30 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of notifying ATC and C2 authorities when the WWA notification system is inoperable?

    <p>To ensure that critical weather information is not lost</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when a WWA is upgraded or downgraded?

    <p>The WWA is modified to reflect the new criteria or phenomenon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical scenario in which watches may be issued for an area larger than the corresponding warning?

    <p>When the watch is for a lower threshold of the same criteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of cancelling WWAs when conditions are no longer occurring and are not expected to reoccur within the DLT of the WWA?

    <p>To ensure that WWAs are not in effect unnecessarily</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done when a WWA is no longer applicable?

    <p>Cancel the WWA and notify affected units and personnel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of documenting deviations in supported agency data pages or applicable plans or instructions?

    <p>To document lessons learned from WWA deviations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the MISSIONWATCH process?

    <p>To identify and alert decision makers to changes that will enable mission success.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is responsible for coordinating airfield weather services support responsibilities when weather organizations supporting flying organizations from multiple Services are located at a base?

    <p>The Senior Airfield Authority (SAA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of units responsible for airfield observation preparing and disseminating routine, local, and special weather observations?

    <p>To support mission success by providing critical weather information.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the 557 WW and/or LWU in relation to locally issued WWAs?

    <p>To notify them if their products are inconsistent with locally issued WWAs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of informing the issuing weather unit when WPs do not accurately reflect observed conditions and may impact mission execution?

    <p>To ensure accurate weather information for mission execution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of weather units developing procedures to determine critical thresholds requiring intensified MISSIONWATCH?

    <p>To identify critical thresholds requiring intensified MISSIONWATCH.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of weather units employing sound RM techniques to assign risk, allocate resources, and direct activities to conduct MISSIONWATCH?

    <p>To optimize resource allocation and risk management for MISSIONWATCH.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of weather units maintaining a MISSIONWATCH tailored to the mission(s) of the day?

    <p>To support mission success by providing critical weather information.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the Security Controls Assessor Representative for AFWWS National Security System?

    <p>To assess security controls for the Security Control Assessor per AFI 17-101</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary responsibility of the Functional Data Officer for AFWWS?

    <p>To develop data policies, guidance, procedures, and standards related to AFW</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who serves as the senior advisor to the AF Chief Data and Artificial Intelligence Office for all data matters within the weather enterprise?

    <p>The Functional Data Officer for AFWWS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the AFWWS Lead in the implementation of DoD/DAF cyber policy and USCYBERCOM/AFCYBER order compliance oversight?

    <p>To oversee the implementation of DoD/DAF cyber policy and USCYBERCOM/AFCYBER order compliance oversight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the Department of Defense (DoD) lead agent for the Next Generation Weather Radar (NEXRAD) program?

    <p>To advise the Department of Defense (DoD) on the Next Generation Weather Radar (NEXRAD) program</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary responsibility of the MAJCOM weather staffs?

    <p>To manage deployment taskings for weather resources within its MAJCOM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Functional Data Officer managing and overseeing compliance to data policies?

    <p>To protect and manage data as a strategic asset</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the senior advisor to the AF Chief Data and Artificial Intelligence Office for all data matters within the weather enterprise?

    <p>To advise the AF Chief Data and Artificial Intelligence Office on all data matters within the weather enterprise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source used for verifying heavy snow warnings when manual snowfall totals are not available?

    <p>One-hour liquid precipitation measurements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is weather radar data unreliable for determining snowfall?

    <p>It cannot objectively verify heavy snow warnings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of collecting one-hour liquid precipitation measurements during the valid period of a heavy snow warning?

    <p>To enter the total snowfall and liquid precipitation into the verification database</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using accumulated reports of 6-hourly, 12-hourly, or summary of the day during the valid period of a heavy snow warning?

    <p>To provide an alternative method when hourly data is not available</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of verifying radar-generated precipitation products against reliable rain gauges?

    <p>To account and correct for high reflectivity phenomena such as hail or bright band contamination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of verifying heavy snow warnings using manually observed snowfall totals?

    <p>To verify the accuracy of heavy snow warnings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using weather radar data in the verification of heavy snow warnings?

    <p>To subjectively evaluate heavy snowfall warnings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of collecting one-hourly accumulations during the valid period of a heavy snow warning?

    <p>To continue to collect data during the valid period of the warning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of engaging with interagency, international, industry, and academic partners?

    <p>To advance programs and initiatives including numerical weather modeling and climate monitoring</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the responsibility of the Functional Manager for officer, enlisted, and civilian career fields?

    <p>To delegate Functional Authority to HQ AF Deputy Chief of Staff, Operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of liaising with the Department of Army HQ, Training and Doctrine Command, Army Futures Command, and Army Materiel Command?

    <p>To provide weather support to U.S. Army operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the Air Force Weather Weapons System (AFWWS) financial portfolio?

    <p>To manage the financial resources for AFWWS development, fielding, and sustainment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of leading Strategy, Design, Planning, Programming and Budget (SDPPBE) processes?

    <p>To advocate for AFWWS development, fielding, and sustainment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of serving as a member of the Global Integrated Intelligence and Reconnaissance Council of Colonels?

    <p>To advise on weather-related intelligence and reconnaissance matters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of liaising with USSF HQ, Space Operations Command (SpOC), and Space and Systems Command (SSC)?

    <p>To provide weather support to USSF operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of overseeing the Air Force Weather Weapons System (AFWWS) development, fielding, and sustainment?

    <p>To lead Strategy, Design, Planning, Programming and Budget processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of determining best products to use for each step in the MEFP?

    <p>To identify the primary and back-up products, including their purpose and value</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of reviewing centrally or locally established C2 systems in the MEFP?

    <p>To ensure situational awareness and effective communication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of standardizing mission/products utilized to report WP MEF Verification?

    <p>To ensure consistency in reporting WP MEF Verification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of identifying products, frequency, and communication in the MISSIONWATCH process?

    <p>To ensure situational awareness and effective communication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of developing feedback performance mechanisms in the MISSIONWATCH process?

    <p>To incorporate seasonal training or specific forecast parameter improvement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of collaborating with other METOC organizations in the MEFP?

    <p>To leverage expertise and resources from other organizations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of establishing parameters for forecast reviews in the MISSIONWATCH process?

    <p>To ensure that forecast reviews are standardized and effective</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of defining a methodology to incorporate analysis products, forecast techniques, and a logical, verifiable process to conduct weather operations?

    <p>To establish a standardized and effective process for conducting weather operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of weather personnel in supporting operations?

    <p>To anticipate and mitigate weather effects on operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to DAFMAN 17-1203, what is the role of the DPAS Property Custodian?

    <p>To maintain accountability of equipment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of weather leadership organizing personnel to support operations?

    <p>To maximize the unit's ability to inject the right information at the right time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of familiarizing weather personnel with the weather functional community Prioritization and Sequencing Guidance?

    <p>To prioritize and sequence weather functional areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of integrating weather capabilities into the planning, execution, and assessment phases of operations?

    <p>To enable commanders to make informed decisions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of commanders in leveraging weather information?

    <p>To make informed decisions based on accurate and timely weather information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of weather integration into the planning, execution, and assessment phases of operations?

    <p>To enable commanders to make informed decisions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of understanding all aspects of weather's effect on operations?

    <p>To relay weather effects to commanders at all echelons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which unit is responsible for providing weather support to the lead airlift aircraft unit?

    <p>Joint Airborne/Air Transportability Training and Drop Zone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Control Weather Products (CWPs)?

    <p>To ensure mission forecast consistency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of METOC Production Centers (MPCs)?

    <p>To provide trusted METOC data and information to fulfill CCMD and component requirements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mission of ANG WFs while in IDT or Title-32 status?

    <p>To support aligned ANG and/or ARNG customers during their federal mobilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who determines the Lead Weather Unit (LWU) for multinational operations?

    <p>Multinational doctrine and procedures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when units cannot agree on the Lead Weather Unit (LWU)?

    <p>The issue is elevated to the MAJCOM or component staff</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the WHMO weather unit?

    <p>To provide essential service to the President and maintain the continuity of the Presidency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Lead Weather Unit (LWU)?

    <p>To define the official mission forecast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of RDT&E Mets?

    <p>To integrate with requirements managers and program managers to identify and mitigate weather threats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of ANG personnel training and keeping current with readiness requirements?

    <p>To support steady state, backfill, or sustainment and mobilization requirements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the Lead Weather Unit (LWU) in relation to Control Weather Products (CWPs)?

    <p>The LWU defines the official mission forecast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For missions not defined in the content, who determines the Lead Weather Unit (LWU)?

    <p>Units will coordinate with each other to determine the LWU</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of WHMO weather unit's mission specific forecasts?

    <p>To provide weather information for White House functions and WHMO operational units</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary responsibility of RDT&E Mets during the acquisition lifecycle?

    <p>To ensure successful identification and mitigation of weather and environmental threats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for ANG personnel to support rotational taskings on a volunteer basis?

    <p>To gain experience and training in a deployed environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of ANG personnel training to the same level as their RegAF counterparts?

    <p>To ensure deployed ANG personnel are prepared to support their customers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary responsibility of the WR DSCA operations?

    <p>To provide oversight of mission planning and execution, including real-time adjustment of reconnaissance patterns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the AOC WSTs?

    <p>To integrate weather information into the full spectrum of operations and intelligence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the ACC AOS/WX?

    <p>To determine and document weather support requirements for all aircraft movements under control of the ACC AOS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the AOC WSTs' 4-D picture of the battlespace?

    <p>To identify environmental threats affecting the battlespace</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the WR DSCA in supporting data collection and dissemination operations?

    <p>To ensure aircraft have threat situational awareness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary responsibility of the AOC WSTs in supporting weather operations?

    <p>To integrate weather information into the full spectrum of operations and intelligence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the WR DSCA in supporting air component operations?

    <p>To provide oversight of mission planning and execution, including real-time adjustment of reconnaissance patterns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the ACC AOS/WX in supporting air operations?

    <p>To determine and document weather support requirements for all aircraft movements under control of the ACC AOS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the responsibility of the Department of Defense lead agent for the Next Generation Weather Radar (NEXRAD) program?

    <p>To coordinate with the Department of Commerce and Department of Transportation for Interagency Operation of the Weather Surveillance Radar-1988, Doppler (WSR-88D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the Functional Data Officer?

    <p>To manage and oversee compliance to data policies to protect and manage data as a strategic asset</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Major Command (MAJCOM) weather staffs?

    <p>To manage deployment taskings for weather resources within its MAJCOM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the responsibility of the AFWWS Lead in the implementation of DoD/DAF cyber policy and USCYBERCOM/AFCYBER order compliance oversight?

    <p>To implement DoD/DAF cyber policy and USCYBERCOM/AFCYBER order compliance oversight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the Senior Advisor to the AF Chief Data and Artificial Intelligence Office?

    <p>To provide senior advice on all data matters within the weather enterprise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Weather Data Steward according to DAFI 90-302?

    <p>To manage and oversee compliance to data policies to protect and manage data as a strategic asset</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary responsibility of the Air Force Operations Group (AFOG) Weather Branch?

    <p>To provide staff assistance, technical training assistance, and technical consultant assistance to assigned weather organizations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the AFWWS National Security System?

    <p>To assess security controls for the Security Control Assessor per AFI 17-101</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of weather personnel understanding all aspects of weather's effect on operations?

    <p>To enable situational understanding of the operational environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the DPAS Property Custodian according to DAFMAN 17-1203?

    <p>To maintain accountability of equipment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of weather leadership organizing personnel to support operations?

    <p>To maximize the unit’s ability to reliably inject the right information at the right time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of familiarizing weather personnel with the weather functional community Prioritization and Sequencing Guidance?

    <p>To understand the prioritization of weather functional areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the weather supplement to the War Mobilization Plan?

    <p>To prioritize and sequence weather functional areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of commanders in leveraging weather information?

    <p>To make informed decisions based on accurate weather information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of pattern duties at home station?

    <p>To mirror duties described in Mission Capability Statements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What guidance is provided in DAFI 21-103?

    <p>Equipment Inventory, Status and Utilization Reporting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary agency responsible for leading DSCA missions supported by the 53d WRS?

    <p>National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of operations are conducted under the tactical control of either USNORTHCOM or USINDOPACOM?

    <p>DSCA missions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the CARCAH role in DSCA operations?

    <p>To plan, organize, and coordinate all WR DSCA activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the validated and approved RFA for WR DSCA operations?

    <p>WR Plan of the Day (POD)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of supporting DoD missions?

    <p>To collect environmental information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the forecast category for an airfield with a ceiling of 1800ft and a visibility of 3500M?

    <p>Category D</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under what conditions does an aircrew need to file for an alternate airfield?

    <p>When forecast conditions are less than 2000/3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is the force provider of WR forces for DSCA missions?

    <p>AFRC Commander</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of supporting other outside agency missions?

    <p>To support research purposes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the visibility requirement for an airfield to qualify as an alternate when filing a flight plan?

    <p>Greater than or equal to 3200M</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the requirement for agencies requesting WR capabilities outside of the DoD?

    <p>The requesting agency must provide funding for the mission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the category of an airfield with a ceiling of 1500ft and a visibility of 4800M?

    <p>Category D</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the lowest published landing minimum that determines the category of an airfield?

    <p>When the ceiling is less than the lowest published landing minimum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the source of the regulation for airfield ceiling and visibility specifications?

    <p>AFMAN 11-202 Vol 3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of documenting substitutions in local support plans and operating procedures?

    <p>To ensure compliance with OCONUS practices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the category of an airfield with a ceiling of less than the lowest published landing minimum?

    <p>Category A</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be used to verify heavy snow warnings in the absence of manual snowfall totals?

    <p>One-hour liquid precipitation measurements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is using radar data unreliable for determining snowfall?

    <p>Radar data is not accurate for snowfall due to hail or bright band contamination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of collecting one-hourly accumulations during the valid period of a heavy snow warning?

    <p>To verify the heavy snow warning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is used to subjectively evaluate heavy snowfall warnings?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is used to estimate actual time of occurrence based on interpolations?

    <p>Both A and B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the source of reliable rain gauges?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of verifying heavy snow warnings?

    <p>To account and correct for high reflectivity phenomena</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is entered into the verification database?

    <p>Total snowfall and liquid precipitation received during the valid period of the warning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the Air Force Director of Weather?

    <p>To manage weather services for the DAF and Army.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Air Force Director of Weather providing guidance and developing doctrine, policy, and standards?

    <p>To provide weather support to the DAF, Army, unified commands, NATO, and other allies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the Air Force Director of Weather as the Functional Area Manager (FAM) for the Air Force Weather (AFW) enterprise?

    <p>To manage weather services for the DAF and Army.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Air Force Director of Weather developing, coordinating, and approving interservice, intra-service, interagency, and international support agreements?

    <p>To provide weather support to the DAF, Army, unified commands, NATO, and other allies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the Air Force Director of Weather in evaluating the effectiveness and readiness of weather forces?

    <p>To maintain oversight of readiness reporting data.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Air Force Director of Weather providing policies and procedures to measure and evaluate the operational effectiveness and technical performance of selected atmospheric and space environmental weather products?

    <p>To provide weather support to the DAF, Army, unified commands, NATO, and other allies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the Air Force Director of Weather in developing and implementing mid- and long-range strategy and vision for the organization?

    <p>To act as an advocate for all weather requirements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary responsibility of the Air Force Director of Weather as an advocate for all weather requirements?

    <p>To ensure the organization meets future DAF and Army weather requirements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the forecast category?

    <p>The lower ceiling or visibility value</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of weather organizations performing local area METWATCH?

    <p>To inform key decision makers and personnel of potential and observed weather conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the exception for WF/Dets issuing WWAs for ANG/ARNG dual-use military/civilian airfields?

    <p>They will issue WWAs according to Chapter 3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of WF/Dets attempting to develop or arrange alternative solutions for limited-duty locations?

    <p>To perform local area METWATCH and issue host installation/aerodrome WWAs outside of regular duty hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the substitute for Category A minima in DAF operations?

    <p>Pilot weather categories</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reason for WF/Dets coordinating with their applicable component SWO or MAJCOM functional?

    <p>To resolve the shortfall if no practical alternative local solution exists</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of WF/Dets issuing WWAs for their host installation/aerodrome complex?

    <p>To inform key decision makers and personnel of potential and observed weather conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the exception for substituting 5000M and 3000M for 4800M and 3200M respectively?

    <p>For OCONUS locations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the default desired lead-time for units if the supported organization does not specify a minimum?

    <p>T-3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of ensuring horizontal consistency with TAF and other forecast products?

    <p>To ensure WWAs are consistent with locally issued products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under what circumstances may watches be issued for an area larger than the corresponding warning?

    <p>When the warning is for a specific aerodrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of issuing WWAs in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and/or Local Time?

    <p>To account for Daylight Saving Time changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should the ending valid time be used for observed WWAs?

    <p>Never, instead use 'Valid until further notice.'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for notifying the 557 WW and/or LWU if their products are inconsistent with locally issued WWAs?

    <p>To maintain horizontal consistency throughout all WPs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for specifying the area affected when issuing WWAs?

    <p>To clearly define the area impacted by the weather phenomenon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done when a WWA is no longer applicable?

    <p>Cancel the WWA and notify the C2 authority</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of issuing WWAs in a standard format and numbering scheme?

    <p>To provide a standardized format for weather products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should a completely new warning or advisory be issued?

    <p>When the criteria for the WWA changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done when canceling a lightning watch?

    <p>Cancel the watch when the potential for lightning within the next 30 minutes is no longer forecast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should amended, extended, or cancelled WWAs affect other issued notices for the same criteria?

    <p>Clearly state how the amended, extended, or cancelled WWA affects other issued notices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should a watch, warning, and observed advisory be valid at the same time for different thresholds of the same criteria?

    <p>When the thresholds of the criteria are different</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done when the WWA notification system is inoperable?

    <p>Notify ATC and use the DAF Form 3807</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done when upgrading or downgrading WWAs?

    <p>Use the default wording for upgrading/downgrading in the AFWWS enterprise application</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary objective of METWATCH?

    <p>To identify and characterize weather threats impacting operations and maximize effectiveness of resources.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should observed WWAs be canceled?

    <p>At the discretion of the responsible agency, typically 15 minutes after the last occurrence of the criteria is no longer forecast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the METWATCH process?

    <p>To monitor and identify changes in weather conditions that cross critical weather thresholds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the MISSIONWATCH process?

    <p>Monitoring terrestrial weather or the space environment for specific mission-limiting environmental factors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of establishing and maintaining a prioritized threat-based METWATCH process?

    <p>To maximize the effectiveness of resources and minimize the impact of weather on operations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of amending forecasts based on specification and amendment criteria?

    <p>To update or amend forecasts and notify end-users as necessary.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of identifying primary METWATCH data sources?

    <p>To document forecast methods and standardize methods of obtaining weather situational awareness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of outlining the actions to take when forecast conditions change during the METWATCH?

    <p>To specify the units to contact using primary and backup contact methods.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of identifying WPs and services affected by unexpected changes to forecast conditions?

    <p>To prioritize procedures for WWAs, TAFs, JOAFs, and flight hazards.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the basis for the 30-minute desired lead-time in verifying a lightning watch?

    <p>Time of watch issuance minus time of first lightning strike within specification distance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are heavy rain warnings specifying an accumulation in a specified time period verified?

    <p>Using a summation of the one-hour precipitation measurements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is used to supplement direct measurements from a rain gauge in verifying precipitation accumulation warnings?

    <p>Radar generated precipitation total products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are heavy precipitation warnings verified when airfield observing system data is not available?

    <p>Using accumulated reports of 6-hourly, 12-hourly, or summary of the day</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is used to estimate the actual time of occurrence in verifying heavy rain warnings?

    <p>Interpolations from the rate of accumulation in METAR or Synoptic reports</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of collecting one-hourly accumulations during the valid period of the warning?

    <p>To enter the total liquid precipitation received during the valid period of the warning into the verification database</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is used to verify lightning watches?

    <p>Time of first occurrence of lightning within specification distance of the warned location</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of verifying heavy precipitation warnings?

    <p>To ensure the warning is accurate and valid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is used to verify heavy rain warnings specifying an accumulation in a specified time period?

    <p>One-hour precipitation measurements from the airfield observing system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of verifying warnings?

    <p>To ensure the warning is accurate and valid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is responsible for providing RP to supported units?

    <p>Units providing RP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of coordinating annually with each supported unit?

    <p>To maintain documented WWA thresholds, desired lead time (DLT), and mission impacts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which unit is responsible for providing WF/Det to Charleston IAP/JB Charleston AFB?

    <p>FAA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of maintaining documented WWA thresholds, desired lead time (DLT), and mission impacts?

    <p>To provide RP to supported units</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is responsible for providing WF/Det to Colorado Springs Municipal Airport/Peterson AFB?

    <p>FAA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of coordinating with each supported unit annually?

    <p>To maintain documented WWA thresholds, desired lead time (DLT), and mission impacts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is responsible for providing RP to Wichita Falls Regional Airport/Sheppard AFB?

    <p>WF/Det</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of documenting WWA thresholds, desired lead time (DLT), and mission impacts?

    <p>To provide RP to supported units</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is responsible for providing WF/Det to Albuquerque International Sunport Airport/Kirtland AFB?

    <p>FAA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of maintaining documented WWA thresholds, desired lead time (DLT), and mission impacts?

    <p>To provide RP to supported units</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the criterion for issuing a Forecast Weather Advisory when altimeter setting is involved?

    <p>Altimeter setting meets or exceeds 31.00 INS and was not specified in the forecast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the criterion for issuing a Forecast Weather Advisory when thunderstorms are involved?

    <p>Thunderstorms occur, or are expected to occur, during the forecast period, but were not specified in the forecast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the criterion for issuing a Forecast Weather Advisory when forecast conditions become temporary?

    <p>Forecast conditions specified as temporary do not occur during the hour as forecast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the criterion for issuing a Forecast Weather Advisory when changes to predominant conditions occur?

    <p>Forecast change conditions occur before the beginning of the specified period of change</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the criterion for issuing a Forecast Weather Advisory when representative conditions are not met?

    <p>Forecast conditions are not considered representative of existing or forecast conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of amending the forecast when representative conditions are not met?

    <p>To improve safety, flight planning, operations efficiency, or assistance to in-flight aircraft</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the criterion for issuing a Forecast Weather Advisory when weather conditions are no longer expected to occur?

    <p>Weather conditions specified in the forecast are no longer expected to occur</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the criterion for issuing a Forecast Weather Advisory when weather conditions occur or are expected to occur?

    <p>Weather conditions occur or are expected to occur, but were not specified in the forecast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the criterion for issuing a Forecast Weather Advisory when altimeter setting changes?

    <p>Altimeter setting increases above 28.00 INS and was not specified in the forecast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the criterion for issuing a Forecast Weather Advisory when incorrect forecast start or end time occurs?

    <p>Incorrect forecast start or end time, but was not specified in the forecast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the default minimum desired lead-time for units if the supported organization does not specify a minimum?

    <p>T-3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of ensuring horizontal consistency with TAF and other forecast products?

    <p>To maintain consistency throughout all weather products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should a separate valid time be used for each criterion in WWAs?

    <p>When warranted</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for issuing WWAs in a standard format and numbering scheme?

    <p>To facilitate communication among weather units</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why may watches be issued for an area larger than the corresponding warning?

    <p>When the warning is for a specific area, such as an aerodrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of notifying the 557 WW and/or LWU if their products are inconsistent with locally issued WWAs?

    <p>To maintain consistency throughout all weather products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are WWAs issued in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and/or Local Time?

    <p>To account for Daylight Saving Time changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for specifying the area affected when issuing WWAs?

    <p>To provide clear and concise information to users</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done when a WWA is no longer applicable?

    <p>Cancel the WWA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for maximizing the use of watches within their affected area of operations?

    <p>To meet desired lead-time requirements for supported organizations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of a TAF?

    <p>To provide official meteorological information for flight planning and C2 activities for a specific aerodrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is responsible for producing, disseminating, amending, and verifying TAFs during published ATC hours of operation?

    <p>Weather units at assigned DAF and Army airfields</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of employing risk management practices when using model-based automated aerodrome forecasts?

    <p>To create first-look TAF products that meet specification criteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of developing a TAF production cycle for locations and coordinating TAF issue times with supported units?

    <p>To create a standardized TAF production process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the 557 WW?

    <p>To produce, disseminate, amend, and verify TAFs during published ATC hours of operation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of producing TAFs for exercises, contingencies, or defense support to civil authority?

    <p>To fulfill CCMD requirements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using automated aerodrome forecasts as a tool to create first-look TAF products?

    <p>To improve the accuracy of TAFs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is responsible for producing, disseminating, amending, and verifying TAFs during published ATC hours of operation or as required for airfields?

    <p>Contract weather sites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of employing risk management practices when using model-based automated aerodrome forecasts?

    <p>To create first-look TAF products that meet specification criteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of developing a TAF production cycle for locations and coordinating TAF issue times with supported units?

    <p>To create a standardized TAF production process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the forecast category?

    <p>The lower ceiling or visibility value</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where may 5000M and 3000M be substituted for 4800M and 3200M respectively?

    <p>In OCONUS locations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of WF/Dets issuing WWAs?

    <p>To inform key decision makers and personnel of potential and observed weather conditions that require protective actions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What organization performs local area METWATCH and produces, disseminates, amends, and verifies WWAs?

    <p>Weather Forecasting Detachments (WF/Dets)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is substituted for Category A minima in DAF operations?

    <p>Pilot weather categories in MAJCOM supplements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of WF/Dets attempting to develop or arrange alternative solutions for limited-duty locations?

    <p>To perform local area METWATCH and issue host installation/aerodrome WWAs outside of regular duty hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of WF/Dets coordinating with their applicable component SWO or MAJCOM functional?

    <p>To attempt to resolve the shortfall if no practical alternative local solution(s) exist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of WF/Dets issuing WWAs for their host installation/aerodrome complex and supported parent/tenant unit missions and resources?

    <p>To inform key decision makers and personnel of potential and observed weather conditions that require protective actions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of WF/Dets documenting WWA support for ANG/ARNG dual-use military/civilian airfields?

    <p>According to Chapter 3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the weather organizations listed in 5.4?

    <p>To perform local area METWATCH and produce, disseminate, amend, and verify WWAs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When a WF/Det cannot provide a solution, what should WF/Det leadership do?

    <p>Submit a support request IAW Chapter 10 to establish RP recall/backup procedures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who produces, issues, amends, and verifies WWAs for DAF or Army locations?

    <p>557 WW</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is documented in the WSD and/or IDP?

    <p>WF/Det recall procedures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who documents host/parent unit requirements for NOAA flash flood warnings?

    <p>WF/Det leadership</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is produced, issued, amended, and verified for ANG-managed locations?

    <p>Forecast WWAs for ANG-managed locations staffed by U.S.C. Title 5 and contracted personnel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is used to establish RP recall/backup procedures?

    <p>Chapter 10</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who coordinates and documents requirements and dissemination processes with the 557 WW?

    <p>WF/Det leadership</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of locations are staffed by U.S.C. Title 5 and contracted personnel?

    <p>ANG-managed locations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is produced, disseminated, and amended for adversary point, aerodrome complexes and military operating areas?

    <p>WWAs using latitude/longitude, International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), or basic encyclopedia (BE) designations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who produces, issues, amends, and verifies WWAs for emergency, contingency, or forward deployed operating locations?

    <p>557 WW</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of maintaining operational situational awareness through active participation in operational end-users' battle rhythms?

    <p>To leverage knowledge of historical, current, and forecast state of the environment to provide operators with the opportunity to exploit favorable environmental conditions for mission execution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the source of information on mission design series (MDS) specific aircraft operations procedures?

    <p>Technical orders and NIPR or SIPR links</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of coordinating with supported units, including tenant organizations, to provide or arrange for WPs?

    <p>To provide weather support to commanders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of injecting environmental subject matter expertise throughout the planning, execution, and assessment phases of the continuous operations cycle?

    <p>To offer value-added options to commanders during mission planning and execution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of understanding weather and supported unit(s) TTPs, mission essential tasks (MET), and environmental sensitivities/limitations of weapon systems and their associated missions?

    <p>To inform mission planning and execution with environmental considerations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of establishing and maintaining working relationships with supported organizations' key operational decision makers?

    <p>To facilitate the integration of weather information into operational decision-making</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of participating in planning group(s), threat working group(s), mission planning, rehearsals, mission execution, battle update briefs, commanders update briefs, and operations updates?

    <p>To maintain operational situational awareness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using information obtained from supported units or derived from authoritative sources?

    <p>To inform mission planning and execution with environmental considerations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of injecting environmental subject matter expertise throughout the planning, execution, and assessment phases of the continuous operations cycle?

    <p>To offer value-added options to commanders during mission planning and execution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of coordinating with supported units, including tenant organizations, to provide or arrange for WPs?

    <p>To provide weather support to commanders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of a TAF?

    <p>To provide official meteorological information for flight planning and C2 activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is responsible for producing, disseminating, amending, and verifying TAFs at assigned DAF and Army airfields?

    <p>Weather units at assigned DAF and Army airfields</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of employing risk management practices when using a model-based automated aerodrome forecasts?

    <p>To meet specification criteria requirements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of developing a TAF production cycle for locations?

    <p>To coordinate TAF issue times with supported units</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the 557 WW in producing TAFs?

    <p>To produce, disseminate, amend, and verify TAFs during published ATC hours of operation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of verifying TAFs?

    <p>To ensure the quality of final products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of AFMAN 15-124 in TAF production?

    <p>To define compliance and dissemination guidance for TAFs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of producing TAFs for airfields where the DAF or Army is assigned airfield weather services responsibilities and there are no weather personnel assigned?

    <p>To fulfill the role of the 557 WW</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of amending TAFs?

    <p>To ensure the accuracy and currency of TAFs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of disseminating TAFs?

    <p>To ensure the timely distribution of TAFs to relevant stakeholders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What will units use if the supported organization does not specify a minimum DLT?

    <p>The default minimum DLT</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should WWAs maintain horizontal consistency with TAF and other forecast products?

    <p>To ensure consistency with other weather products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should units do if their products are inconsistent with locally issued WWAs?

    <p>Notify the 557 WW and/or LWU</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of issuing WWAs in a standard format and numbering scheme?

    <p>To improve the clarity and readability of WWAs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should the ending valid time be used for observed WWAs?

    <p>Never</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to specify the area affected when issuing WWAs?

    <p>To provide critical information to users</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what scenario may watches be issued for an area larger than the corresponding warning?

    <p>For high winds for Random AFB and surrounding local flying area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for issuing WWAs in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and/or Local Time?

    <p>To provide consistent and accurate time information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should units maximize the use of watches within their affected area of operations?

    <p>To meet desired lead-time requirements for supported organizations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be included in observed WWAs?

    <p>A beginning valid time and a statement that the WWA is valid until further notice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ceiling requirement for an airfield to qualify as an alternate when filing a flight plan?

    <p>GTE 4800M</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should an aircrew file for an alternate?

    <p>When forecast conditions are less than 2000/3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the visibility requirement for an airfield to be considered a suitable destination?

    <p>GTE 4800M</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the category of an airfield with a ceiling of less than 2000ft but greater than or equal to the lowest published landing minimum plus 500ft?

    <p>Category C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using predominant conditions to determine forecast category?

    <p>To ensure accurate forecasting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the source of the regulation for airfield ceiling and visibility specifications?

    <p>AFMAN 11-202 Vol 3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the category of an airfield with a ceiling of less than 1500ft but greater than or equal to the lowest published landing minimum plus 400ft?

    <p>Category D</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when an airfield does not qualify as an alternate for flight planning?

    <p>The airfield is not suitable for arrival</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of documenting substitutions for 4800M and 1600M in local support plans and operating procedures?

    <p>To provide clarity on host-nation practices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the visibility requirement for an airfield to qualify as an alternate when filing a flight plan?

    <p>GTE 4800M</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of clearly stating how amended, extended, or cancelled WWAs affect other issued notices for the same criteria?

    <p>To avoid duplication of efforts and ensure continuity of operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should a lightning watch be cancelled?

    <p>When the potential for lightning within the next 30 minutes is no longer forecast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of upgrading or downgrading WWAs?

    <p>To add or remove phenomena from the WWA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical timeframe for cancelling observed WWAs?

    <p>15 minutes after the last occurrence of the criteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of notifying ATC and the C2 authority when the WWA notification system is inoperable?

    <p>To ensure that they are aware of the situation and can plan accordingly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using a DAF Form 3807 or DAF Form 3806 when the WWA notification system is inoperable?

    <p>To provide an alternative means of notification until the WWA notification system is restored</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of specifying the area affected when issuing WWAs?

    <p>To clearly define the area affected by the WWA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for issuing WWAs in a standard format and numbering scheme?

    <p>To ensure consistency and clarity in WWA issuance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of documenting deviations in supported agency data pages or applicable plans or instructions?

    <p>To ensure that deviations are tracked and corrected</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for issuing WWAs in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and/or Local Time?

    <p>To ensure that all stakeholders are aware of the timing of the WWA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which airfield has a FAA observation and NWS forecast?

    <p>Albuquerque International Sunport Airport/Kirtland AFB</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of RP/WWA processes and procedures?

    <p>To coordinate annually with each supported unit and maintain documented WWA thresholds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which unit is responsible for maintaining documented WWA thresholds, desired lead time, and mission impacts?

    <p>Units providing RP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of documenting WWA thresholds, desired lead time, and mission impacts?

    <p>To understand the impact of weather on operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which airfield has a WF/Det observation and WF/Det forecast?

    <p>Killeen-Ft Hood Regional Airport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of coordinating with each supported unit annually?

    <p>To review WSD, or equivalent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which airfield has a NWS observation and WF/Det forecast?

    <p>Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam/Honolulu IAP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of maintaining documented WWA thresholds?

    <p>To understand the impact of weather on operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which airfield has a FAA observation and OWS forecast?

    <p>Rickenbacker IAP/Rickenbacker JRB</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of coordinating with supported units?

    <p>To maintain documented WWA thresholds, desired lead time, and mission impacts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of weather units integrated with supported end-users?

    <p>To continuously monitor ongoing missions for potential threshold-crossing weather parameters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the Senior Airfield Authority (SAA) in Collocated Weather Organizations?

    <p>To coordinate airfield weather services support responsibilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Units responsible for the airfield observation?

    <p>To evaluate conditions, prepare, and disseminate routine, local, and special weather observations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the MISSIONWATCH process?

    <p>To identify and alert decision makers to changes that will enable mission success</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of weather units in relation to MISSIONWATCH?

    <p>To continuously monitor ongoing missions for potential threshold-crossing weather parameters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of weather units in relation to critical thresholds?

    <p>To determine critical thresholds requiring intensified MISSIONWATCH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of employing sound RM techniques in MISSIONWATCH?

    <p>To assign risk, allocate resources, and direct activities to conduct MISSIONWATCH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of informing the issuing weather unit when WPs do not accurately reflect observed conditions?

    <p>To enable the issuing weather unit to correct the WPs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of weather units in relation to supported unit(s) missions?

    <p>To employ sound RM techniques to conduct MISSIONWATCH for supported unit(s) missions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of weather units in relation to mission execution?

    <p>To enable mission success by identifying and alerting decision makers to changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Deployment and Logistics

    • Coordinate with local Central Issue Facility (CIF) and Rapid Fielding Initiative (RFI) provider to equip unit personnel with personal tactical/deployment equipment.
    • Coordinate deployment posturing, logistic requirements, and readiness exercise support through appropriate channels.

    23d Special Operations Weather Squadron (23 SOWS)

    • Provides weather support tailored to meet deployed Air Force and Army Special Operations Force (AFSOF/ARSOF) mission requirements.
    • Ensures horizontal consistency with other weather units within the Geographic Combatant Commands (GCC) Area of Operations.
    • Provides centralized weather analysis and forecasting products, and data in support of the 160th Special Operations Aviation Regiment, AFSOC Special Operations Task Groups, and deployed AFSOF/ARSOF without organic support.

    53d Weather Reconnaissance Squadron (WRS)

    • Provides weather reconnaissance (WR) aircraft and crews, command, and control (C2), support equipment and personnel capabilities in support of CCMD requirements.
    • Maintains accountability of equipment as Defense Property Accountability System (DPAS) Property Custodian.

    Weather Integration, Planning, and Mission Execution Forecast Process

    • Weather personnel should understand all aspects of weather's effect on operations and relay these effects to commanders at all echelons.
    • Commanders leverage and integrate accurate, consistent, timely, and relevant weather information to anticipate, exploit, and mitigate weather effects and enable their situational understanding of the operational environment, decision-making, and risk management.
    • Weather leadership will organize personnel to support operations that maximize the unit's ability to reliably inject the right information at the right time.

    Weather Watch and Warning (WWA) Criteria

    • Army Airfield Ceiling and Visibility Specification and Amendment Criteria:
      • Category D: Visibility greater than or equal to 4800 meters (1500ft) and 3 statute miles.
      • Category C: Visibility less than 4800 meters (1500ft) but greater than or equal to the lowest published landing minimum plus 400ft.
      • Category B: Visibility less than the lowest published landing minimum plus 400ft but greater than or equal to 1600M/1SM.
      • Category A: Visibility less than the lowest published airfield landing minimum.
    • WWA issuance guidelines:
      • Ensure WWAs maintain horizontal consistency with TAF and other forecast products.
      • Notify the 557 WW and/or LWU if their products are inconsistent with locally issued WWAs.
      • Maximize the use of watches within their affected area of operations until conditions warrant issuing a warning.
      • Issue WWAs in a standard format and numbering scheme.
      • Issue WWAs in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and/or Local Time.
      • Specifically state the area affected when issuing WWAs.
      • Include the maximum expected hail size, rain/snow accumulation, or wind speed as applicable in warnings and advisories.

    Weather Support Planning and Management

    • Provide weather inputs for developing and revising weather support plans and documents
    • Engage in planning, programming, and budgeting for MAJCOM weather resources
    • Coordinate with contract offices to ensure contracted weather support is defined

    Weather Program Management

    • Manage execution of MAJCOM weather programs
    • Provide staff assistance, technical training, and technical consultant assistance to weather organizations
    • Provide weather subject matter expertise to MAJCOM Inspector General and assist with evaluations

    Technical Training and Data Management

    • Develop and cross-feed technical training materials throughout the command
    • Oversee equipment accountability and readiness reporting in authoritative databases
    • Coordinate with Weather Data Stewards to establish data protection, sharing, and governance guidelines

    Air Force Operations Group (AFOG) Weather Branch

    • Provide global weather support to HQ DAF, HQDA, NJOIC, and other senior DoD and US government leaders
    • Arrange for dissemination of local weather alerts for the Pentagon Reservation
    • Tailor and integrate air, space, land, and oceanographic environmental information into situational awareness products

    Contingency Response Force (CRF)

    • Perform functions and responsibilities consistent with AFI 10-202, Contingency Response Forces
    • Train all assigned weather personnel to support aligned ANG and/or ARNG customers upon federal mobilization

    White House Military Office (WHMO) Operations

    • Provide weather observations, mission-specific forecasts, watches, and warnings/advisories for White House functions and WHMO operational units

    Research, Development, Test, and Evaluation Meteorologists (RDT&E Mets)

    • Provide specialized air and space weather/environmental science support focused on DAF research, technology development, acquisition, and sustainment activities

    Weather Forecasting Criteria

    • Wind Speed: Forecast wind speed differs from predominant wind speed by > 10 knots
    • Wind Gusts: Difference between observed gusts and forecast wind speed is > 10 knots
    • Wind Direction: Change in wind direction is > 30 degrees when wind speed or gusts are 15 knots or greater

    Icing and Turbulence Forecasting

    • Forecasting criteria for icing and turbulence conditions, including thresholds for moderate or greater conditions

    Weather Watch and Warning Annex (RP/WWAs)

    • WF/Dets perform local area METWATCH and produce, disseminate, amend, and verify WWAs to inform key decision makers and personnel of potential and observed weather conditions that require protective actions

    Weather Support for Launch and Space Operations

    • Provide weather "GO/NO GO" determinations for Launch Agency constraints and Lightning Launch Commit Criteria per Space Systems Command Manual (SSCMAN) 91-710V6 and NASA-STD-4010.
    • Support Human Space Flight (HSF) operations per applicable Operation Orders (OPORDs) and in coordination with the HSF JMO and United States Space Force Command (USSPACECOM) SMO as required.

    Combat Weather Units Supporting Army Operations

    • Train and posture forces and equipment to provide Staff Weather Officer (SWO) support to aligned ASCC, supported land force commander(s), and aligned units, both in garrison and in tactical environments.
    • Perform Personnel Parachute Program Management duties for completion and documentation of personnel parachute/airborne training as defined in AFI 10-3503.
    • Manage unit supply accounts and Army Modification Table of Organizational Equipment (MTOE) equipment, wherever possible, as defined in DoDI 5000.64 and DAFI 23-111.
    • Support Unmanned Aircraft Operations as assigned to the Unmanned Aircraft Operational-Level C2 element.

    Weather Units and Support

    • Provide Joint Airborne/Air Weather unit support for airlift aircraft unit, Transportability Training, and Drop Zone operations.
    • Support Landing Zones (LZ) and Land Maneuver operations with attached weather units.
    • Support Special Operations weather units depending on the nature of the operation as directed by the JMO.
    • Support Multinational Operations with multiple alliance/coalition METOC units following multinational doctrine and procedures ratified by the U.S.
    • Support other missions not defined above, with coordination between units to determine the Lead Weather Unit (LWU).

    Control Weather Products (CWPs) and METOC Production Centers (MPC)

    • CWPs represent the official mission forecast and are defined by the LWU.
    • All weather units supporting a mission will utilize CWPs to ensure mission forecast consistency.
    • MPCs are service-retained, reach-back organizations that provide trusted METOC data and information to fulfill CCMD and component requirements.

    Weather Forecast and Warning Criteria

    • Weather Warning Criteria include Altimeter Setting, Thunderstorms, and Forecast Weather Advisory.
    • Specific criteria for each warning category are defined in the text, including thresholds for ceiling and visibility.

    Weather Watch and Warning Advisory (WWA) Procedures

    • Clearly state how amended, extended, or cancelled WWAs affect any other issued notices for the same criteria.
    • Cancel WWAs when conditions are no longer occurring and are not expected to reoccur within the DLT of the WWA.
    • Upgrade WWAs when adding phenomena or crossing to a higher threshold, and downgrade WWAs when removing a phenomenon or crossing to a lower threshold.
    • Notify ATC and the C2 authority responsible for the Installation Notification and Warning System when the WWA notification system is inoperable.

    Army Airfield Ceiling and Visibility Specification and Amendment Criteria

    • Specify criteria for ceiling and visibility for different categories, including Greater Than or Equal to (GTE), Less Than (LT), and lowest published landing minimum.
    • Define rules for airfield weather conditions, including qualification as an alternate and suitability for arrival.

    Operational Test and Evaluation

    • Plan, coordinate, and accomplish operational test and evaluation as the AFWWS Principle Operational Test Organization (IAW DODI 5000.89 & DAFI 99-103, Capabilities-based Test and Evaluation)

    Solar Electro-Optical Network (SEON)

    • Operate and maintain SEON (Sponsored Projects Officer (SPO) for SEON, providing sustainment and maintenance of the program)

    Global Merged Cloud, Snow, and Ice Analysis and Forecasts

    • Provide global merged cloud, snow, and ice analysis and forecasts for the IC

    Mission-Tailored Terrestrial, Electro-Magnetic Spectrum (EMS), Space Weather Analyses and Forecasts

    • Provide mission-tailored terrestrial, EMS, space weather analyses and forecasts, indications, and warnings at appropriate security domains to meet documented requirements of commanders, planners, or operators and the IC

    Public Weather Planning Forecasts

    • Provide unclassified worldwide public weather planning forecasts to the Defense Media Agency per current support agreement

    Terrestrial Weather and Climate Data

    • Develop, secure, and operate applications to collect, quality control, and archive terrestrial weather and climate data to assess the state of the climate and characterize current conditions within historical context to power the unit's applied climatology mission spanning the past, present, and future climate system

    Risk Assessments, Forensic Meteorological Analyses, and Climate Services

    • Develop and provide risk assessments, forensic meteorological analyses, and climate services

    Climate and Hydro-Climatology Services

    • Provide climate and hydro-climatology services, including historical data, climate predictions, and climate projections, analysis, and analyst-in-the-loop services, and subject matter expertise

    High-Resolution NWP Capabilities

    • Develop, secure, operate, and exploit high-resolution NWP capabilities, specialized modeling applications, tailored applications, and automated graphical depictions of environmental conditions to support DAF, DoD, Inter-agency, and international partners

    Unit Deployment and Logistics Support

    • Coordinate deployment posturing, logistic requirements, and readiness exercise support through appropriate channels (e.g., Weather FAM, Unit Deployment Manager, Logistics Squadron, Army G-4/S-4, or G-2/S-2) and IAW the Weather Functional Area Prioritization and Sequencing Guide

    23d Special Operations Weather Squadron (23 SOWS)

    • Provide weather support tailored to meet deployed Air Force and Army Special Operations Force (AFSOF/ARSOF) mission requirements and ensure horizontal consistency with other weather units within the GCC Area of Operations
    • Provide centralized weather analysis and forecasting products, and data in support of the 160th Special Operations Aviation Regiment, AFSOC Special Operations Task Groups, and deployed AFSOF/ARSOF without organic support

    53d Weather Reconnaissance Squadron (WRS)

    • Provide weather reconnaissance (WR) aircraft and crews, command, and control (C2), support equipment and personnel capabilities in support of CCMD requirements
    • Conduct weather reconnaissance missions for Defense Support to Civil Authorities (DSCA), DoD support, and other outside agency support

    Remotely Piloted Aircraft (RPA) Support

    • Provide direct (tailored) weather support to Group 3-5 RPA and general weather support (regional forecast) to Group 1-2 RPA (direct support may be provided, resources permitting)

    Joint Typhoon Warning Center

    • Issue and disseminate tropical cyclone advisories and warnings in the North-West Pacific Ocean, South Pacific Ocean, and Indian Ocean for the DoD and other U.S. government agencies

    Weather Forecasting and Warnings

    • Conduct documentation functions, weather integration, and MEFP
    • Provide installation and airfield weather services, aviation weather forecasting services, and weather warnings
    • Issue warnings, watches, and advisories for various weather phenomena, including lightning, hail, rain, snow, and wind

    Assisting AFW and Environmental Science Community

    • Assist in identifying and developing weather support requirements for emerging technologies and weapon systems, including modeling and simulation requirements.
    • Provide input to development of support concepts, CONOPS, and weather tactics, techniques, and procedures to inform weather support and integration for new and emerging technology.

    Weather Support Requirements

    • Operate specialized or nonstandard weather systems required to support RDT&E projects/programs, including surface and upper-air data collection sensors/systems, models, data acquisition and processing tools.

    Weather Units and Equipment

    • Units assigned weather equipment (Fixed-base and tactical) will coordinate and establish outage reporting procedures for equipment with their aligned garrison/deployed maintenance unit.
    • Report outages and maintenance actions on equipment not maintained by RAWS work centers.
    • Determine WPs, data, and service requirements for the supported mission(s).

    Critical Weather Parameters (CWP)

    • Determine the CWP format (e.g., text, graphics), content, delivery method/times, and amendment criteria.
    • Coordinate CWP issue times and delivery methods with the supported C2 element and supporting weather organizations involved in the mission(s).
    • Coordinate with supporting weather organizations to METWATCH the CWP and amend it as required based on mission critical weather thresholds.

    Prioritized Rules for Determining the LWU

    • Joint Missions: JMO-designated LWU for a Joint Operation in an OPORD / Exercise Directive, or FRAGO.
    • Global Power: Weather unit providing the overall mission C2 element with weather information.
    • CORONET: Weather unit providing the ACC C2 element with weather information.
    • Global Reach: Weather unit integrated with the AMC C2 Element.
    • Air Refueling (Training): Weather unit servicing the lead receiving aircraft unit.

    Warnings and Advisories

    • Issue watches for phenomena other than lightning a minimum of one hour prior to issuing a warning for the same phenomena.
    • Issue lightning watches at least 30 minutes prior to issuing a lightning warning or IAW the desired lead time of the supported unit/installation, whichever is longer.
    • Issue warnings, as required, regardless of whether a watch had previously been issued.
    • Consider data sensed from radars, mesonets, environmental monitoring systems, tactical ATC systems, forward armament and refueling points, or other sensing systems as objective data for evaluating and verifying WWA products.

    Verification of Weather Warnings

    • Verify each phenomenon separately.
    • Verify severe thunderstorm and moderate thunderstorm warnings upon first occurrence of either wind or hail threshold at the warned location.
    • Verify heavy snow warnings using manually observed snowfall totals from Air Force, sister service, coalition partners, or host nation sources where the capability exists.
    • Use accumulated reports of 6-hourly, 12-hourly, or summary of the day during the valid period of a heavy snow warning at locations where the unit does not have access to hourly data from an airfield observing system.

    Air Force Weather Operations

    • Engage with service, interagency, international, industry, and academic partners to advance programs and initiatives in areas such as numerical weather modeling, climate monitoring, arctic forecasting, hydrology, artificial intelligence, information warfare, electromagnetic spectrum, and space weather, environmental sensing, and space-based environmental monitoring.

    Functional Management

    • Serve as Functional Manager for officer, enlisted, and civilian career fields delegated by the Functional Authority, the HQ AF Deputy Chief of Staff, Operations.
    • Provide training products and technical services to the field.
    • Oversee Training Requester Quota Identifier management responsibilities for the Army Weather Support Course, allocating seats to Major Commands (MAJCOMs).

    Financial Management and Advocacy

    • Oversee and advocate for the Air Force Weather Weapons System (AFWWS) financial portfolio.
    • Lead Strategy, Design, Planning, Programming, and Budget (SDPPBE) processes and advocate to the Air Force Corporate Structure for AFWWS development, fielding, and sustainment.

    Liaison and Partnerships

    • Liaise with Department of Army HQ, Training and Doctrine Command, Army Futures Command, Army Materiel Command (AMC), and Army Installation Management Command (IMCOM) for weather support to U.S. Army operations.
    • Liaise with USSF HQ, Space Operations Command (SpOC), Space and Systems Command (SSC), and Space Training and Readiness Command for weather support to USSF operations.

    Council and Committee Membership

    • Serve as a member of the Global Integrated Intelligence and Reconnaissance Council of Colonels, Enterprise Information Technology (IT) Advisory Council, and Centralized Asset Management Advisory Council.

    Weather Support and Radar Operations

    • Advise the Department of Defense (DoD) lead agent for the Next Generation Weather Radar (NEXRAD) program.
    • Serve as the Security Controls Assessor Representative for AFWWS National Security System to work with the Program Manager, Information System Security Manager, Information System Security Officer, and Risk Management Framework (RMF) team.

    Cybersecurity and Data Management

    • Serve as the AFWWS Lead in the implementation of DoD/DAF cyber policy and USCYBERCOM/AFCYBER order compliance oversight.
    • Serve as the Functional Data Officer to develop data policies, guidance, procedures, and standards related to AFW and establish related training.

    Major Command Weather Staffs

    • Manage deployment taskings for weather resources within its MAJCOM IAW DAFI 10-401 and AFI 10-403, Deployment Planning and Execution.
    • Weather units integrated with supported end-users should have a keen understanding of mission-critical thresholds and mission profiles.

    Installation and Airfield Weather Services

    • Installation and airfield weather services consist of weather observing, TAF generation, METWATCH, and RP.
    • Units responsible for the airfield observation evaluate conditions, prepare, and disseminate routine, local, and special weather observations.
    • Guidance on recording and disseminating observations can be found in AFMAN 15-111, and MAJCOM supplements, as applicable.

    Weather Watches and Warnings

    • Cancel WWAs when conditions are no longer occurring and are not expected to reoccur within the DLT of the WWA.
    • Cancel observed WWAs at the discretion of the responsible agency, typically 15 minutes after the last occurrence of the criteria is no longer forecast to take place.
    • Cancel lightning watches only when the potential for lightning within the next 30 minutes is no longer forecast.
    • Upgrade WWAs when adding phenomena or crossing to a higher threshold; downgrade WWAs when removing a phenomenon or crossing to a lower threshold.

    WR DSCA Operations

    • Oversees mission planning and execution, including real-time adjustments to reconnaissance patterns based on dynamic meteorological scenarios.
    • Coordinates foreign overflight clearance and maintains a metrics program to measure operational demand and effectiveness.
    • Supports data collection and dissemination operations, ensuring aircraft have threat situational awareness and data quality assurance.
    • Acts as the focal point for interagency data sharing and represents the WR functional capability on interagency working groups.

    Air Operations Center (AOC) Weather Specialty Teams (WST)

    • Integrates weather information into full-spectrum operations and intelligence, providing environmental situational awareness and enabling decision advantage for commanders.
    • Uses analyzed weather information to build a 4-D picture of the battlespace and environmental threats.
    • Provides Weather Operations C2 for Air Component supporting units within the theater of operations and coordinates with MAJCOM Staff and SMO for multi-unit operations and exercises.

    Air Combat Command Air Operations Squadron Weather Flight (ACC AOS/WX)

    • Provides tailored weather support to AOS-controlled missions and may support other non-AOS controlled missions as required.
    • Determines and documents weather support requirements for all aircraft movements under control of the ACC AOS.

    White House Military Office (WHMO) Operations

    • Provides essential weather services to the President and maintains continuity of the Presidency.
    • Provides weather observations, mission-specific forecasts, watches, observed weather warnings/advisories, and specialized weather information for WHMO operational units.

    Research, Development, Test, and Evaluation Meteorologists (RDT&E Mets)

    • Provides specialized air and space weather/environmental science support focused on DAF research, technology development, acquisition, and sustainment activities.
    • Integrates with requirements managers, program managers, and other system experts to ensure successful identification and mitigation of weather and environmental threats during the acquisition lifecycle of DAF and Joint/Allied/Coalition systems.

    Weather Integration, Planning, and Mission Execution

    • Weather personnel should understand all aspects of weather's effect on operations and relay these effects to commanders at all echelons.
    • Commanders leverage and integrate accurate, consistent, timely, and relevant weather information to anticipate, exploit, and mitigate weather effects and enable their situational understanding of the operational environment, decision-making, and risk management.
    • Weather leadership organizes personnel to support operations that maximize the unit's ability to reliably inject the right information at the right time into their supported organizations' decision-making process.

    Control Weather Products (CWPs)

    • CWPs represent the official mission forecast and are defined by the Lead Weather Unit (LWU).
    • All weather units supporting a mission will utilize CWPs to ensure mission forecast consistency.
    • Supporting units will not deviate from mission-specific, critical weather thresholds specified in CWPs without prior coordination with the LWU.

    METOC Production Centers (MPC)

    • MPCs are service-retained, reach-back organizations that provide trusted METOC data and information to fulfill CCMD and component requirements.

    NEXRAD Program

    • The Department of Defense (DoD) has a lead agent for the Next Generation Weather Radar (NEXRAD) program, which operates under a tri-agency Memorandum of Agreement with the Department of Commerce and Department of Transportation.
    • The program is responsible for interagency operation of the Weather Surveillance Radar-1988, Doppler (WSR-88D).

    Security Controls Assessor Representative

    • The Security Controls Assessor Representative is responsible for working with the Program Manager, Information System Security Manager, Information System Security Officer, and Risk Management Framework (RMF) team to assess security controls for the AFWWS National Security System.
    • The representative must follow guidelines set by AFI 17-101, Risk Management Framework (RMF) for Air Force Information Technology (IT).

    AFWWS Lead and Cyber Policy

    • The AFWWS Lead is responsible for implementing DoD/DAF cyber policy and ensuring compliance with USCYBERCOM/AFCYBER orders.
    • The lead must also develop data policies, guidance, procedures, and standards related to AFW and establish related training.

    Functional Data Officer

    • The Functional Data Officer serves as a senior advisor to the AF Chief Data and Artificial Intelligence Office for all data matters within the weather enterprise.
    • The officer's responsibilities include managing and overseeing compliance with data policies to protect and manage data as a strategic asset.

    MAJCOM Weather Staffs

    • MAJCOM weather staffs manage deployment taskings for weather resources within their MAJCOM according to DAFI 10-401 and AFI 10-403, Deployment Planning and Execution.
    • Staffs support three types of missions: Defense Support to Civil Authorities (DSCA), DoD support, and other outside agency support.

    53d WRS Missions

    • The 53d WRS supports missions for the Department of Commerce, which are considered DSCA missions with NOAA as the lead federal agency.
    • The WRS also supports DoD missions, including environmental information collection, and other outside agency missions for research purposes.

    CARCAH Role

    • The Chief, Aerial Reconnaissance Coordination, All Hurricanes (CARCAH) provides command and control and liaison support for WR DSCA operations.
    • The CARCAH plans, organizes, and coordinates all WR DSCA activities to meet interagency strategic and operational objectives.

    Weather Integration, Planning, and Mission Execution

    • Weather personnel must understand all aspects of weather's effect on operations and relay this information to commanders at all echelons.
    • Weather leadership will organize personnel to support operations, pattern duties at home station, and familiarize themselves with the weather functional community Prioritization and Sequencing Guidance.

    Forecast Process

    • Weather forecasts specify when conditions decrease to less than, or if below, increase to equal or exceed the categories in the table.
    • Forecast category is determined by the lower of the ceiling or visibility value.
    • Use predominant conditions to determine forecast category (i.e., not tempo or varying).

    DAF Airfield Ceiling and Visibility Specification and Amendment Criteria

    • Table 5.3 lists the DAF airfield ceiling and visibility specification and amendment criteria.
    • The table includes five categories, with corresponding ceiling and visibility values.

    Weather Warning Verification

    • Evaluate radar-generated precipitation products for accuracy against reliable rain gauges for at least one season.
    • Verify heavy snow warnings using manually observed snowfall totals from Air Force, sister service, coalition partners, or host nation sources.
    • Use one-hour liquid precipitation measurements to verify heavy snow warnings in the absence of manual snowfall totals.

    Roles and Responsibilities

    • The Air Force Director of Weather is responsible for managing weather services for the DAF and Army, providing functional expertise, and developing doctrine, policy, and standards for weather support.

    Air Force Director of Weather Responsibilities

    • Provide Air Force Weather (AFW) functional expertise to coordinate and advocate for applicable Intelligence Community (IC) weather priorities and requirements.
    • Manage weather forces by maintaining oversight of Weather Technical Readiness program's most critical processes through analysis of readiness reporting data.
    • Develop, coordinate, and approve interservice, intra-service, interagency, and international support agreements.
    • Provide policies and procedures to measure and evaluate the operational effectiveness and technical performance of selected atmospheric and space environmental weather products.
    • Develop and implement mid- and long-range strategy and vision for the organization, equipment, manpower, and technology necessary to meet future DAF and Army weather requirements.

    METWATCH

    • METWATCH is a deliberate process for monitoring environmental conditions in the land, air, and space domains to identify when and where sensed conditions significantly diverge from forecast conditions.
    • Units will establish and maintain a prioritized threat-based METWATCH process, monitor and identify changes in weather conditions, and amend forecasts based on specification and amendment criteria.

    METWATCH Procedures

    • Identify primary METWATCH data sources, document forecast methods, and standardize methods of obtaining weather situational awareness.
    • Identify weather products and services affected by unexpected changes to forecast conditions at points, areas, and routes where the unit is directed or tasked as issuance authority.
    • Outline the actions to take when forecast conditions change during the METWATCH, specifying the units to contact using primary and backup contact methods.

    MISSIONWATCH

    • MISSIONWATCH is the deliberate process for monitoring terrestrial weather or the space environment for specific mission-limiting environmental factors or exploitable opportunities.
    • Forecasts specify when conditions decrease to less than, or if below, increase to equal or exceed the categories in the table.

    RP/WWAs

    • Weather organizations perform local area METWATCH and produce, disseminate, amend, and verify WWAs to inform key decision makers and personnel of potential and observed weather conditions that require protective actions.
    • WF/Dets will issue all required WWAs for their host installation/aerodrome complex and supported parent/tenant unit missions and resources.

    WWA Procedures

    • Ensure WWAs maintain horizontal consistency with TAF, and other forecast products.
    • Notify the 557 WW and/or LWU if their products are inconsistent with locally issued WWAs to maintain horizontal consistency throughout all WPs.
    • Maximize the use of watches within their affected area of operations until conditions warrant issuing a warning to meet desired lead-time requirements for supported organizations.
    • Issue WWAs in a standard format and numbering scheme through the AFWWS enterprise application (primary) or local dissemination systems.
    • Issue WWAs in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and/or Local Time.
    • Issue WWAs with a separate valid time for each criterion when warranted.
    • Specifically state the area affected when issuing WWAs.
    • Clearly state how amended, extended, or cancelled WWAs affect any other issued notices for the same criteria.
    • Cancel WWAs when conditions are no longer occurring and are not expected to reoccur within the DLT of the WWA.
    • Cancel lightning watches only when the potential for lightning within the next 30 minutes is no longer forecast.
    • Upgrade WWAs when adding phenomena or crossing to a higher threshold, and downgrade WWAs when removing a phenomenon or crossing to a lower threshold.
    • Notify ATC and the C2 authority responsible for the Installation Notification and Warning System when the WWA notification system is inoperable.

    Conditions and Criteria

    • Conditions occurring for less than 30 consecutive minutes or for an aggregate total of less than 30 minutes of every hour are considered temporary.
    • During periods of rapidly changing ceilings or visibilities, the condition occurring for the greatest aggregate total during the full hour is considered the predominant condition for that hour.

    Coordinate and Document Unit Back Up TAF Production and Dissemination Procedures

    • Coordinate and document unit back up TAF production and dissemination procedures in the Continuity of Operations (COOP)/Primary, Alternate, Contingency, and Emergency (PACE) plans.
    • Establish plans to provide temporary assumption of METWATCH, including TAF issue/amend authorities in the enterprise production applications during transition to or from an Alternate Operating Location (AOL) or for other unforeseen/emergency circumstances.

    Standard Specification and Amendment Criteria

    • Forecasts specify when conditions decrease to less than, or if below, increase to equal or exceed the categories in the table.
    • The forecast category is determined by the lower of the ceiling or visibility value.
    • Predominant conditions are used to determine the forecast category (i.e., not tempo or varying).

    DAF Airfield Ceiling and Visibility Specification and Amendment Criteria

    • Rule Category 1: Ceiling ≥ 2000ft, Visibility ≥ 4800M (3SM), and aircrew must file for an alternate if forecast conditions are less than 2000/3.
    • Rule Category 2: Ceiling < 2000ft but ≥ 1000ft, Visibility ≥ 3200M (2SM), and airfield qualifies as an alternate if the conditions meet the lowest published visibility minima or landing minimum.
    • Rule Category 3: Ceiling < 1000ft but ≥ lowest published landing minimum plus 500ft, Visibility ≥ 3200M (2SM), and airfield qualifies as an alternate if the conditions meet the lowest published visibility minima or landing minimum.
    • Rule Category 4: Ceiling < lowest published landing minimum plus 500ft, Visibility < 3200M (2SM), and airfield does not qualify as an alternate for flight planning but is still suitable for arrival.
    • Rule Category 5: Ceiling < lowest published airfield landing minimum, Visibility < lowest published airfield landing minimum, and airfield is not a suitable destination.

    Warnings and Advisories

    • Warnings normally affect an area no larger than a 5NM radius of the airfield.
    • Watches for phenomena other than lightning are issued a minimum of one hour prior to issuing a warning for the same phenomena.
    • Lightning watches are issued at least 30 minutes prior to issuing a lightning warning or according to the desired lead time of the supported unit/installation.
    • Include the maximum expected hail size, rain/snow accumulation, or wind speed in warnings and advisories.

    Verification of WWA Products

    • Use objective data from radars, mesonets, environmental monitoring systems, and other sensing systems to evaluate and verify WWA products.
    • Use unofficial reports from credible sources, such as Storm Prediction Center Storm Reports, NWS Citizen Weather Observation Program (CWOP), and Community Collaborative Rain, Hail and Snow Network (CoCoRaHS), to verify warnings and advisories.
    • When objective verification is not possible, use subjective analysis of available data to determine if an event occurred.
    • Verify each phenomenon separately, and "bundle" the criteria for verification purposes.
    • Verify severe thunderstorm and moderate thunderstorm warnings upon first occurrence of either wind or hail threshold at the warned location.
    • Verify heavy precipitation warnings using measurements from the airfield observing system, radar precipitation measurements, or storm reports in the verification radius.
    • Verify heavy rain warnings specifying an accumulation in a specified time period by using a summation of the one-hour precipitation measurements from the airfield observing system.
    • Use accumulated reports of 6-hourly, 12-hourly, or summary of the day during the valid period of the warning for verifying heavy rain warnings at locations where the unit does not have access to the hourly rain gauge data from an airfield observing system.

    Weather Organizations Support

    • Provide weather observations, forecasts, watches, warnings/advisories, and specialized weather information for launch sites, ranges, and abort landing sites.
    • Conduct documentation functions, weather integration, and MEFP ( Meteorological and Environmental Functional Process) support.

    Operational Modeling and Simulation (M&S) Support

    • Provide operational M&S support for training, acquisition, and testing as required by DoD.
    • Act as subject matter experts for operational M&S support.

    METOC Data Collection and Dissemination

    • Collect, authenticate, validate, and secure METOC data and information published to trusted DAF data layers and archives in all security domains.
    • Make available observations and forecasts of volcanic ash for DoD and intelligence community operations at multiple classification levels.

    Weather Support for Space Launch, Missile, and Test Operations

    • Provide weather services IAW Chapter 5, including weather forecasting, watches, warnings/advisories, and specialized weather information.
    • Conduct weather integration, MEFP, and documentation functions IAW Chapters 3, 4, and 5.

    Installation and Airfield Weather Services

    • Provide weather observing, TAF generation, METWATCH, and RP (Runway condition reporting) services.
    • Evaluate airfield conditions, prepare, and disseminate routine, local, and special weather observations.

    Weather Forecasting and Dissemination

    • Forecast weather conditions and disseminate to supported units, including ceiling and visibility specifications and amendment criteria.
    • Use Table 5.3 to determine forecast category based on ceiling and visibility values.

    Responsibility and Coordination

    • Coordinate with supported units, including tenant organizations, to provide or arrange for weather products.
    • Maintain a keen understanding of mission-critical thresholds and mission profiles.
    • Develop procedures to determine critical thresholds requiring intensified MISSIONWATCH and update supported units.

    MISSIONWATCH Process

    • Identify and alert decision-makers to changes that will enable mission success.
    • Develop procedures to determine critical thresholds requiring intensified MISSIONWATCH and update supported units.
    • Maintain a MISSIONWATCH tailored to the mission(s) of the day.
    • Inform the issuing weather unit when weather products do not accurately reflect observed conditions and may impact mission execution.

    Air Force Weather Career Field

    • Engages with service, interagency, international, industry, and academic partners to advance programs and initiatives
    • Functional Manager for officer, enlisted, and civilian career fields delegated by the HQ AF Deputy Chief of Staff, Operations
    • Provides training products and technical services to the field
    • Oversees Training Requester Quota Identifier management responsibilities for the Army Weather Support Course

    Air Force Weather Weapons System (AFWWS)

    • Oversees and advocates for the AFWWS financial portfolio
    • Leads Strategy, Design, Planning, Programming, and Budget (SDPPBE) processes and advocates to the Air Force Corporate Structure for AFWWS development, fielding, and sustainment

    Interagency Partnerships

    • Liaises with Department of Army HQ, Training and Doctrine Command, Army Futures Command, and Army Materiel Command (AMC) for weather support to U.S. Army operations
    • Liaises with USSF HQ, Space Operations Command (SpOC), Space and Systems Command (SSC), and Space Training and Readiness Command for weather support to USSF operations
    • Member of the Global Integrated Intelligence and Reconnaissance Council of Colonels, Enterprise Information Technology (IT) Advisory Council, and Centralized Asset Management Advisory Council

    Data and Information Management

    • Operates enterprise services to disseminate products and data via DoD Information Network core services
    • Operates enterprise applications to conduct data operations to provide trusted data and products collected from other sources
    • Conducts documentation functions according to Chapter 3
    • Conducts Weather Integration and Mission Execution Forecast Process (MEFP) according to Chapter 4

    Weather Services

    • Provides Installation and Airfield Weather services according to Chapter 5
    • Provides Aviation Weather Forecasting services according to Chapter 6
    • Conducts Forecast and Analysis Production functions as described in Chapter 7
    • Provides weather data to agencies processing DoD-approved Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear (CBRN) dispersion models

    Backup Capabilities

    • Provides backup capability for the National Weather Service's (NWS) Storm Prediction Center and Aviation Weather Center according to established support agreements

    Oversight and Advocacy

    • Oversees WR DSCA operations to include mission planning and execution
    • Represents the WR functional capability on interagency working groups to align research and sensor integration programs with operational needs

    Air Operations Center (AOC) Weather Specialty Teams (WST)

    • Integrates weather information into the full spectrum of operations and intelligence
    • Provides environmental situational awareness and enables decision advantage for commanders

    ACC AOS/WX

    • Provides tailored weather support to AOS-controlled missions
    • Determines and documents weather support requirements for all aircraft movements under control of the ACC AOS

    Weather Support Planning and Resources

    • Provide weather inputs for development/revision of weather support plans and other documents for the command
    • Engage in planning, programming, and budgeting for MAJCOM weather resources IAW AFI 65-601, Volume 1, Budget Guidance and Procedures
    • Coordinate with contract offices to ensure contracted weather support is appropriately defined IAW AFI 64-102, Installation Contracting
    • Manage execution of MAJCOM weather programs
    • Provide staff assistance, technical training assistance, and technical consultant assistance to assigned weather organizations upon request

    Weather Subject Matter Expertise

    • Provide weather subject matter expertise to the MAJCOM Inspector General
    • Serve as pertinent oversight authority for inspection deficiencies against aligned weather organizations
    • Assist with evaluations of aligned weather organizations upon request IAW DAFI 90-302, The Inspection System of the Department of the Air Force
    • Develop and cross-feed technical training materials throughout the command

    Equipment Accountability and Readiness Reporting

    • Oversee the accuracy and currency of equipment accountability and readiness reporting in authoritative databases
    • Coordinate with and/or serve as Weather Data Steward(s) to establish weather data protection, sharing, and governance guidelines
    • Maintain data names, definitions, data integrity rules, and domain values within the command
    • Ensure compliance with legal and policy requirements, and conformance to data policies and standards

    Weather Organizations Supporting DAF Acquisition Activities

    • Identify and document environmental thresholds of systems and programs undergoing RDT&E and procurement
    • Assist AF RDT&E projects/programs with identification and mitigation of any effects the atmospheric and space environments may have on systems, subsystems, or components
    • Support AF development planning, capability development, and acquisition projects/programs through the identification and mitigation of any effects the atmospheric and space environments may have on the performance and/or employment of systems, subsystems, or components
    • Provide consultation services to program managers, engineers, and MAJCOM requirements managers for inclusion of weather support and environmental threat mitigation requirements in program/system requirements documents as needed/requested

    Meteorological Analysis and Weather Support

    • Provide meteorological analysis on system performance and employment for the life cycle of any weather-sensitive programs or basing activities
    • Provide weather support for RDT&E activities occurring at test sites and specified ranges
    • Coordinate test criteria and environmental support for systems undergoing testing with RDT&E projects/programs
    • Provide or arrange for support (unique or tailored weather services/products) to those projects/programs
    • Monitor progress of those projects/programs for changes affecting that support

    Operational Situational Awareness and TTPs

    • Maintain operational situational awareness through active participation in operational end-users’ battle rhythms
    • Understand weather and supported unit(s) TTPs, mission essential tasks (MET), and environmental sensitivities/limitations of weapon systems and their associated missions
    • Leverage knowledge of historical, current, and forecast state of the environment to provide operators with the opportunity to exploit favorable environmental conditions for mission execution
    • Inject environmental subject matter expertise, as appropriate, throughout the planning, execution, and assessment phases of the continuous operations cycle

    Deployment and Logistics

    • Coordinate with local Central Issue Facility (CIF) and Rapid Fielding Initiative (RFI) provider to equip unit personnel with personal tactical/deployment equipment.
    • Coordinate deployment posturing, logistic requirements, and readiness exercise support through appropriate channels and IAW the Weather Functional Area Prioritization and Sequencing Guide.

    23d Special Operations Weather Squadron (23 SOWS)

    • Provides weather support tailored to meet deployed Air Force and Army Special Operations Force (AFSOF/ARSOF) mission requirements.
    • Ensures horizontal consistency with other weather units within the Geographic Combatant Commands (GCC) Area of Operations.
    • Provides centralized weather analysis and forecasting products, and data in support of the 160th Special Operations Aviation Regiment, AFSOC Special Operations Task Groups, and deployed AFSOF/ARSOF without organic support.

    53d Weather Reconnaissance Squadron (WRS)

    • Provides weather reconnaissance (WR) aircraft and crews, command, and control (C2), support equipment and personnel capabilities in support of CCMD requirements.
    • Conducts oversight of WR DSCA operations, including mission planning and execution, real-time adjustment of reconnaissance patterns, and coordinating foreign overflight clearance.
    • Supports data collection and dissemination operations, ensuring aircraft have threat situational awareness, data quality assurance, and acting as the focal point for interagency data sharing.

    Air Operations Center (AOC) Weather Specialty Teams (WST)

    • Integrates weather information into the full spectrum of operations and intelligence, providing environmental situational awareness and enabling decision advantage for commanders.
    • Uses analyzed weather information and data to build a 4-D picture of the battlespace and the environmental threats affecting it.
    • Provides Weather Operations C2 for Air Component supporting units within the theater of operations and coordinates with MAJCOM Staff and SMO for multi-unit operations and exercises.

    Air Combat Command Air Operations Squadron Weather Flight (ACC AOS/WX)

    • Provides tailored weather support to AOS-controlled missions and may also support other non-AOS controlled missions as required.
    • Determines and documents weather support requirements for all aircraft movements under control of the ACC AOS.
    • Provides space weather impacts to supported agencies utilizing products and services outlined in Chapter 8.

    Weather Support Roles and Responsibilities

    • ANG WFs are assigned roles and responsibilities outlined in paragraphs 2.5 (ANG CWFs), 2.12 (ANG RPA WFs), and 2.14 (ANG WFs).
    • Unmanned Aircraft Operational-Level C2 element (e.g., 432d Wing Operations Center, Global Hawk Operations Center) has a weather unit assigned to it.
    • Joint Airborne/Air Weather unit servicing the lead airlift aircraft unit.
    • Landing Zones (LZ) & Land Maneuver Weather unit attached to the lead Army unit.
    • Special Operations Weather unit depends on the nature of the operation as directed by the appointed JMO.

    Control Weather Products (CWPs)

    • CWPs represent the official mission forecast and are defined by the LWU.
    • All weather units supporting a mission as defined in Table 4.3 will utilize CWPs to ensure mission forecast consistency.
    • Supporting units will not deviate from the mission-specific, critical weather thresholds specified in CWPs without prior coordination with the LWU.

    METOC Production Centers (MPC)

    • MPCs are service-retained, reach-back organizations that provide trusted METOC data and information to fulfill CCMD and component requirements.
    • A TAF provides official meteorological information for flight planning and C2 activities for a specific aerodrome.

    TAF Roles and Responsibilities

    • Weather units at assigned DAF and Army airfields responsible for airfield weather services will produce, disseminate, amend, and verify TAFs during published air-traffic controlled (ATC) hours of operation.
    • The 557 WW will produce, disseminate, amend, and verify TAFs during published ATC hours of operation or as required for airfields where the DAF or Army is assigned airfield weather services responsibilities and there are no weather personnel assigned.
    • The 557 WW will produce, disseminate, amend, and verify TAFs during published ATC hours of operation or as required for airfields where ANG managed U.S.C.Title 5 and/or contract weather sites performing limited weather services.

    Air Force Operations Group (AFOG) Weather Branch

    • Provides global weather support to HQ DAF, HQDA, NJOIC, and other senior DoD and U.S. government leaders
    • Arranges for situational awareness weather products and briefings for senior leaders
    • Provides and/or arranges for dissemination of local weather alerts for the Pentagon Reservation

    AFOG Weather Branch Responsibilities

    • Tailor and integrate environmental information into situational awareness products
    • Provide staff weather support to crisis action teams during contingencies, emergencies, and exercises
    • Provide climatology data and planning weather support as required
    • Coordinate with 557 WW for weather watch, warning, and advisory support
    • Arrange for dissemination of local weather watches, warnings, and advisories for the Pentagon Reservation

    Contingency Response Force (CRF)

    • Perform functions and responsibilities consistent with AFI 10-202
    • Establish and maintain working relationships with supported organizations' key operational decision makers
    • Maintain operational situational awareness through active participation in operational end-users' battle rhythms
    • Understand weather and supported unit TTPs, mission essential tasks, and environmental sensitivities/limitations of weapon systems
    • Use information from supported units or derived from authoritative sources to provide operators with the opportunity to exploit favorable environmental conditions

    Mission Execution Forecast Process (MEFP)

    • Coordinate with supported units to provide or arrange for weather products
    • Determine best products to use for each step, including purpose and value to the MEFP
    • Collaborate with other METOC organizations as appropriate
    • Review centrally or locally established C2 systems
    • Identify times, criteria, and delivery format of environmental information for supported units
    • Provide or arrange for support for units when away from home station
    • Request special terrestrial, climatic, and space weather products if required

    Mission Verification/MISSIONWATCH

    • Determine parameters, timelines, and critical thresholds for MISSIONWATCH
    • Standardize mission/products utilized to report WP MEF Verification (MEFVER)
    • Identify products, frequency, and communication in the MISSIONWATCH process
    • Establish parameters for forecast reviews
    • Develop feedback performance mechanisms to incorporate seasonal training or specific forecast parameter improvement

    Operational Process

    • Define a methodology to incorporate analysis products, forecast techniques, and a logical, verifiable process to conduct weather operations
    • Identify data sources, document forecast methods, and describe methods of obtaining environmental situational awareness
    • Weather units integrated with supported end-users should have a keen understanding of mission-critical thresholds and mission profiles

    MISSIONWATCH

    • Develop procedures to determine critical thresholds requiring intensified MISSIONWATCH
    • Update supported unit(s) on changes to environmental conditions critical to the mission
    • Maintain a MISSIONWATCH tailored to the mission(s) of the day
    • Employ sound RM techniques to assign risk, allocate resources, and direct activities to conduct MISSIONWATCH
    • Inform the issuing weather unit when WPs do not accurately reflect observed conditions and may impact mission execution

    Installation and Airfield Weather Services

    • Weather observing, TAF generation, METWATCH, and RP
    • The Senior Airfield Authority coordinates airfield weather services support responsibilities when weather organizations supporting flying organizations from multiple Services are located at a base

    Weather Observing

    • Units responsible for airfield observation evaluate conditions, prepare, and disseminate routine, local, and special weather observations

    TAFs

    • Forecasts specify when conditions decrease to less than, or if below, increase to equal or exceed the categories in the table
    • Note 2: Forecast category is determined by the lower ceiling or visibility value
    • Note 3: Use prevailing surface visibility to determine forecast category

    RP/WWAs

    • Weather organizations perform local area METWATCH and produce, disseminate, amend, and verify WWAs to inform key decision makers and personnel of potential and observed weather conditions
    • WF/Dets will issue all required WWAs for their host installation/aerodrome complex and supported parent/tenant unit missions and resources

    Weather Support to Military Operations

    • Analyze, forecast, and provide tailored warfighter effects to ensure modeling and software applications meet warfighter and IC requirements.
    • Provide operational modeling and simulation (M&S) support for training, acquisition, and testing as required by DoD and act as the subject matter expert for operational M&S support.

    Weather Organizations Supporting Space Launch, Missile, and Test Operations

    • Provide weather observations, forecasts, watches, and warnings for launch sites, specified ranges, and abort landing sites.
    • Conduct documentation, weather integration, and MEFP functions.
    • Provide installation and airfield weather services, aviation weather forecasting services, and operational, mission-specific, and launch weather officer support.
    • Coordinate with program support managers, range safety, and range coordinators to determine weather requirements for all phases of launch.

    Missions and Support

    • Support Defense Support to Civil Authorities (DSCA) missions, DoD missions, and other outside agency support missions.
    • Provide command and control and liaison support for WR DSCA operations.
    • Support research, development, test, and evaluation (RDT&E) meteorologists with specialized air and space weather/environmental science support.

    White House Military Office (WHMO) Operations

    • Provide weather observations, mission-specific forecasts, watches, and warnings for White House functions and WHMO operational units.
    • Support the President and maintain the continuity of the Presidency.

    Research, Development, Test, and Evaluation (RDT&E) Meteorologists

    • Provide specialized air and space weather/environmental science support for DAF research, technology development, acquisition, and sustainment activities.
    • Integrate with requirements managers, program managers, and other system experts to ensure successful identification and mitigation of weather and environmental threats.

    Determining Weather Products (WPs)

    • Determine WPs, data, and service requirements for the supported mission(s).
    • Determine the CWP format, content, delivery method, and amendment criteria.
    • Coordinate CWP issue times and delivery methods with the supported C2 element and supporting weather organizations involved in the mission(s).

    Prioritized Rules for Determining the Launch Weather Unit (LWU)

    • Determine the LWU based on the type of mission, such as Joint Missions, Global Power, Global Reach, Air Refueling, and others.
    • Coordinate with component SWO or MAJCOM functional to establish RP recall/backup procedures.

    Weather Support Requests

    • Determine and document host/parent unit requirements for NOAA flash flood, river/coastal flood, and fire warnings.
    • Coordinate and document requirements and dissemination processes with the 557 WW in local support agreements and the IDP.
    • Produce, issue, amend, and verify weather warnings and advisories for DAF or Army locations.

    Next Generation Weather Radar (NEXRAD) Program

    • Serve as the Department of Defense (DoD) lead agent for the NEXRAD program, working with the Department of Commerce and Department of Transportation.
    • Assess security controls for the Security Control Assessor and implement DoD/DAF cyber policy and USCYBERCOM/AFCYBER order compliance oversight.

    AFWWS Lead and Functional Data Officer

    • Serve as the AFWWS Lead in implementing DoD/DAF cyber policy and USCYBERCOM/AFCYBER order compliance oversight.
    • Develop data policies, guidance, procedures, and standards related to AFW and establish related training.
    • Manage and oversee compliance to these data policies to protect and manage data as a strategic asset.

    Major Command (MAJCOM) Weather Staffs

    • Manage deployment taskings for weather resources within its MAJCOM.
    • Plan, coordinate, and accomplish operational test and evaluation as the AFWWS Principle Operational Test Organization.
    • Operate and maintain the Solar Electro-Optical Network (SEON).

    Weather Support and Services

    • Provide global merged cloud, snow, and ice analysis and forecasts for the IC.
    • Provide mission-tailored terrestrial, Electro-magnetic spectrum (EMS), space weather analyses and forecasts, indications, and warnings.
    • Develop, secure, and operate applications to collect, quality control, and archive terrestrial weather and climate data.
    • Develop and provide risk assessments, forensic meteorological analyses, and climate services.
    • Provide climate and hydro-climatology services, including historical data, climate predictions, and climate projections.

    Combat Weather Units Supporting Army Operations

    • Train and posture forces and equipment to provide Staff Weather Officer (SWO) support to aligned ASCC, supported land force commander(s), and aligned units.
    • Perform Personnel Parachute Program Management duties.
    • Manage unit supply accounts and Army Modification Table of Organizational Equipment (MTOE) equipment.
    • Provide space weather impacts to supported agencies.
    • Develop and implement severe weather action plan (SWAP) operations.

    ANG WFs and Operational Responsibilities

    • Establish and actively maintain working relationships with supported organizations’ key operational decision makers, operators, information specialists, tactical-level mission planners, schedulers, and weapons and tactics experts.
    • Maintain operational situational awareness through active participation in operational end-users’ battle rhythms.
    • Understand weather and supported unit(s) TTPs, mission essential tasks (MET), and environmental sensitivities/limitations of weapon systems and their associated missions.
    • Leverage knowledge of historical, current, and forecast state of the environment to provide operators with the opportunity to exploit favorable environmental conditions for mission execution.

    Air Force Operations Group (AFOG) Weather Branch

    • Provides global weather support to HQ DAF, HQDA, NJOIC, U.S. Air Force and U.S. Army Crisis Action Teams, and HQ USACE
    • Arranges for situational awareness weather products and briefings to senior DoD and U.S. government leaders
    • Disseminates local weather alerts for the Pentagon Reservation
    • Tailors and integrates air, space, land, and oceanographic environmental information into situational awareness products
    • Provides staff weather support to the Air Force Crisis Action Team and Army Crisis Action Team during contingencies, emergencies, and exercises
    • Coordinates with and assists 557 WW with weather watch, warning, and advisory support as required for the Pentagon

    Contingency Response Force (CRF)

    • Performs functions and responsibilities consistent with AFI 10-202, Contingency Response Forces
    • Assists AFW and environmental science community in identifying and developing weather support requirements for emerging technologies and weapon systems
    • Provides input to development of support concepts, CONOPS, and weather tactics, techniques, and procedures
    • Serves as SME to Sponsor Point of Contact and Technical Point of Contact (TPOC) and assists in evaluating proposals
    • Provides documentation of current/future environmental support to RDT&E efforts to AFMC weather branch annually
    • Completes initial and continuation training, including ACQ 101 Fundamentals of Systems Acquisition Management course and/or earning certifications
    • Operates specialized or nonstandard weather systems required to support RDT&E projects/programs

    Units Assigned Weather Equipment

    • Coordinates and establishes outage reporting procedures for equipment with their aligned garrison/deployed maintenance unit
    • Reports outages and maintenance actions on equipment not maintained by RAWS work centers
    • Maintains accountability of equipment as Defense Property Accountability System (DPAS) Property Custodian

    Weather Integration, Planning, and Mission Execution Forecast Process

    • Weather personnel understand all aspects of weather's effect on operations and relay these effects to commanders at all echelons
    • Commanders leverage and integrate accurate, consistent, timely, and relevant weather information to anticipate, exploit, and mitigate weather effects
    • Weather personnel must understand their supported commander's requirements and integrate weather capabilities to achieve mission success
    • Weather leadership organizes personnel to support operations, patterns duties at home station to mirror those in Mission Capability Statements, and familiarizes themselves with weather functional community Prioritization and Sequencing Guidance

    Mission Verification/MISSIONWATCH

    • Determines parameters, timelines, and critical thresholds for MISSIONWATCH
    • Standardizes mission/products utilized to report WP MEF Verification (MEFVER) IAW MAJCOM guidance
    • Identifies products, frequency, and communication in the MISSIONWATCH process
    • Establishes parameters for forecast reviews and develops feedback performance mechanisms to incorporate seasonal training or specific forecast parameter improvement

    Operational Process

    • Defines a methodology to incorporate analysis products, forecast techniques, and a logical, verifiable process to conduct weather operations
    • Identifies data sources, documents forecast methods, and describes methods of obtaining environmental situational awareness
    • Focuses on uniformity, production, and quality assurance of final products according to locally developed guidance

    AFWWS Operational Test and Evaluation

    • Plan, coordinate, and accomplish operational test and evaluation as the Principle Operational Test Organization
    • Operate and maintain the Solar Electro-Optical Network (SEON) as the Sponsored Projects Officer (SPO)

    Global Weather Analysis and Forecasting

    • Provide global merged cloud, snow, and ice analysis and forecasts for the IC
    • Provide mission-tailored terrestrial, Electro-magnetic spectrum (EMS), space weather analyses and forecasts, indications, and warnings at appropriate security domain
    • Provide unclassified worldwide public weather planning forecasts to the Defense Media Agency per current support agreement

    Climate and Hydro-Climatology Services

    • Develop, secure, and operate applications to collect, quality control, and archive terrestrial weather and climate data
    • Provide climate and hydro-climatology (including historical data, climate predictions, and climate projections), analysis, and analyst-in-the-loop services, and subject matter expertise

    High-Resolution NWP Capabilities

    • Develop, secure, operate, and exploit high-resolution NWP capabilities, specialized modeling applications, tailored applications, and automated graphical depictions of environmental conditions
    • Act as an NWP subject matter expert

    Modeling and Simulation Support

    • Provide operational modeling and simulation (M&S) support for training, acquisition, and testing as required by DoD
    • Act as the subject matter expert for operational M&S support

    METOC Data and Information Management

    • Collect, authenticate, validate, and secure METOC data and information published to trusted DAF data layers and archives in all security domains

    Weather Organizations Supporting Space Launch, Missile, and Test Operations

    • Provide weather observations, forecasts, watches, observed weather warnings/advisories, specialized weather information for launch sites, specified ranges, and abort landing sites
    • Conduct documentation functions, weather integration and MEFP, installation and airfield weather services, aviation weather forecasting services, and provide operational, mission-specific, and Launch Weather Officer support

    MEFP Operational Process

    • Obtain situational awareness by identifying mission types, utilizing pre-established procedures, and reviewing relevant operational weather products
    • Determine environmental threats and opportunities of the day by identifying potential threats to or opportunities for alternate/modified mission execution
    • Generate and disseminate weather products by conducting appropriate-scale review of global and theater-level products, analyzing real-time data, and applying specific forecast techniques

    Weather Product Generation and Dissemination

    • Use rules and criteria for wind speed, wind gusts, and wind direction to amend forecast products
    • Use specific forecast techniques for icing, turbulence, and contrails
    • Integrate geographic, terrain, urbanization, and vegetation influences on the environment and the mission
    • Include EM/space weather conditions and effects on the mission

    Weather Operations Support

    • Provide operational modeling and simulation (M&S) support for training, acquisition, and testing as required by DoD and act as the subject matter expert for operational M&S support.
    • Collect, authenticate, validate, and secure METOC data and information published to trusted DAF data layers and archives in all security domains.
    • Make available observations and forecasts of volcanic ash for DoD and intelligence community operations at multiple classification levels.

    Weather Organizations Supporting Space Launch, Missile, and Test Operations

    • Conduct documentation functions, weather integration, and MEFP support.
    • Provide installation and airfield weather services, aviation weather forecasting services, and operational, mission-specific, and launch weather officer support.
    • Coordinate with program support managers, range safety, and range coordinators to determine weather requirements for all phases of launch.
    • Generate and disseminate customer-specific weather products as organizational resources permit.

    Coordinated Weather Operations

    • Ensure planners and decision-makers at every level receive consistent, comprehensive, standardized, and relevant weather information.
    • Coordinate weather information with all supporting weather units for missions involving more than one unit or service.
    • Encompass LWU, CWP, METOC Production Center (MPC), METWATCH, MISSIONWATCH, and the MEFP.

    Mission Execution Forecast Process (MEFP)

    • Provide decision-quality environmental information to mitigate risks and exploit asymmetric capabilities in the Military Decision-Making Process (MDMP).
    • Specify how to apply environmental information to mitigate mission limitations and meet operational requirements.
    • Generate forecast in proper format employing critical (or Go/No-Go) thresholds.
    • Generate TDA output, as required.
    • Evaluate product for accuracy and disseminate IAW established guidelines to appropriate customers, decision-makers, and other weather units.
    • Retain weather products IAW the records disposition schedule.

    MISSIONWATCH/Mission Verification

    • Conduct MISSIONWATCH utilizing real-time weather products.
    • Notify mission C2 element if thresholds cross-critical event parameters.
    • Gather feedback from supported units and review weather products, as necessary, to verify weather product MEF.
    • Develop weather product review based on established guidelines if necessary.

    Launch Weather Unit (LWU)

    • Coordinate overall weather services for the supported mission(s) and is the liaison between supporting weather units.
    • Identify and obtain point of contact (POC) information for each organization.
    • Collect information to define supported mission schedule(s), types, weapon systems, and critical weather thresholds.
    • Coordinate with all units involved in the supported mission(s) to ensure consistent and comprehensive weather information.

    Airfield Ceiling and Visibility Specification and Amendment Criteria

    • Specify rules for Army Airfield Ceiling and Visibility Specification and Amendment Criteria.
    • Determine forecast category based on the lower of the ceiling or visibility value.
    • Use predominant conditions to determine forecast category.
    • Allow for substitutions of 5000M and 1500M for 4800M and 1600M respectively, based on the host-nation practice.

    DAF Airfield Ceiling and Visibility Specification and Amendment Criteria

    • Specify rules for DAF Airfield Ceiling and Visibility Specification and Amendment Criteria.
    • Determine forecast category based on the lower of the ceiling or visibility value.
    • Use predominant conditions to determine forecast category.
    • Allow for substitutions of 5000M and 1500M for 4800M and 1600M respectively, based on the host-nation practice.

    Weather Integration, Planning, and Mission Execution

    • Weather personnel should understand all aspects of weather's effect on operations and relay these effects to commanders at all echelons.
    • Commanders leverage and integrate accurate, consistent, timely, and relevant weather information to anticipate, exploit, and mitigate weather effects and enable their situational understanding of the operational environment, decision-making, and risk management.

    Weather Leadership

    • Weather leadership will organize personnel to support operations that maximize the unit's ability to reliably inject the right information at the right time every time into their supported organizations' decision-making process.
    • Weather leadership will, if possible, pattern duties at home station to mirror those described in Mission Capability Statements for UTCs postured at that unit.
    • Weather leadership will familiarize themselves with the weather functional community Prioritization and Sequencing Guidance and the weather supplement to the War Mobilization Plan (Volume 1).

    Determining Weather Requirements

    • Determine WPs, data, and service requirements for the supported mission(s).
    • Determine the CWP format (e.g., text, graphics), content, delivery method/times, and amendment criteria.
    • Coordinate CWP issue times and delivery methods with the supported C2 element and supporting weather organizations involved in the mission(s).

    METWATCH and CWP Amendment

    • Coordinate with supporting weather organizations to METWATCH the CWP and amend it as required based on mission critical weather thresholds.

    Prioritized Rules for Determining the LWU

    • Joint Missions: JMO-designated LWU for a Joint Operation in an OPORD / Exercise Directive, or FRAGO.
    • Global Power: Weather unit providing the overall mission C2 element with weather information.
    • Global Reach: Weather unit integrated with the AMC C2 Element.
    • Air Refueling (Training): Weather unit servicing the lead receiving aircraft unit.

    Rules for Determining the LWU

    • Wind Speed: The difference between the predominant wind speed and the forecast wind speed is > 10 knots.
    • Wind Gusts: The difference between observed gusts and the forecast is > 10 knots.
    • Wind Direction: A change > 30 degrees when the predominant wind speed or gusts are expected to be 15 knots or greater.
    • Icing: The beginning or ending of icing first meets, exceeds, or decreases to less than moderate thresholds and was not specified in the forecast.
    • Turbulence: The beginning or ending of turbulence first meets, exceeds, or decreases below moderate thresholds and was not specified in the forecast.

    RP/WWAs

    • Weather organizations will perform local area METWATCH and produce, disseminate, amend, and verify WWAs to inform key decision makers and personnel of potential and observed weather conditions that require protective actions.
    • WF/Dets will issue all required WWAs for their host installation/aerodrome complex and supported parent/tenant unit missions and resources.
    • WF/Dets will attempt to develop or arrange alternative solutions (e.g., Cooperative Weather Watch, Commercial or Government Off-the-Shelf solutions) to perform local area METWATCH and issue host installation/aerodrome WWAs outside of regular duty hours.

    Weather Operations

    • Controlling Weather Products (CWP) can be designated by a Lead Weather Unit (LWU)
    • Enterprise services disseminate products and data via DoD Information Network core services and alternate operational data transmission options
    • Enterprise applications conduct data operations to provide trusted data and products from various sources (e.g., space products, coalition/allied products)

    Weather Integration and Mission Execution Forecast Process

    • Conduct Weather Integration and Mission Execution Forecast Process (MEFP) according to Chapter 4

    Installation and Airfield Weather Services

    • Provide Installation and Airfield Weather services according to Chapter 5

    Aviation Weather Forecasting Services

    • Provide Aviation Weather Forecasting services according to Chapter 6

    Forecast and Analysis Production

    • Conduct Forecast and Analysis Production functions as described in Chapter 7

    Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear (CBRN) Consequence Assessment

    • Provide weather data to agencies processing DoD-approved CBRN dispersion models for CBRN consequence assessment, consequence management, and contamination avoidance
    • Maintain the capability to provide chemical downwind messages (CDM)/effective downwind messages (EDM) upon request from installation emergency management (EM), the installation emergency operations center or other disaster response/management personnel

    Backup Capability for National Weather Service (NWS)

    • Provide backup capability for the National Weather Service's (NWS) Storm Prediction Center and Aviation Weather Center according to established support agreements

    Air National Guard (ANG) Weather Flights

    • The primary mission of ANG WFs while in IDT (Inactive-Duty Training) or Title-32 (Active-Duty Training) status is to train all assigned weather personnel to support aligned ANG and/or Army National Guard (ARNG) customers upon their federal mobilization
    • ANG personnel must be trained and equipped to the same level as their RegAF counterparts
    • ANG personnel must train and keep current with readiness requirements to support steady state, backfill or sustainment and mobilization requirements

    White House Military Office (WHMO) Operations

    • The WHMO weather unit provides essential service to the President and helps maintain the continuity of the Presidency
    • They provide weather observations, mission-specific forecasts, watches, observed weather warnings/advisories, and specialized weather information for White House functions and WHMO operational units

    Research, Development, Test, and Evaluation Meteorologists (RDT&E Mets)

    • Provide specialized air and space weather/environmental science support focused on DAF research, technology development, acquisition, and sustainment activities
    • Integrate with requirements managers, program managers, and other system experts to ensure successful identification and mitigation of weather and environmental threats during the acquisition lifecycle of DAF and Joint/Allied/Coalition systems, subsystems, or end items

    Meteorological Capabilities and Support

    • 557 WW (Operational Weather Squadron) provides global and regional graphical weather forecast, airfield, and installation (TAF and RP) forecasts, specialized environmental information, space weather and EMS products and services, climatology products and services, numerical weather modeling and visualization products and services, data collection and dissemination services
    • 23rd SOWS provides global and regional weather forecasts, airfield, and installation support (TAF and RP), aviation forecast products and services for deployed USAF/Army/USSOCOM SOF support
    • Fleet Numerical Meteorology and Oceanography Center provides global and regional METOC, ensemble model, wave, sea surface temperature, sea anomaly forecast products
    • JTWC provides tropical cyclone forecast products for INDOPACOM
    • Naval Oceanographic Office provides global tailored global oceanographic, hydrographic, bathymetric, geophysical, and acoustic products and services

    Airfield Weather Services

    • Units providing RP will coordinate annually with each supported unit and maintain documented WWA thresholds, desired lead time (DLT), and mission impacts

    Weather Support Planning

    • Provide weather inputs for developing and revising weather support plans and documents
    • Engage in planning, programming, and budgeting for MAJCOM weather resources
    • Coordinate with contract offices to ensure contracted weather support is defined

    Weather Program Management

    • Manage execution of MAJCOM weather programs
    • Provide staff assistance, technical training assistance, and technical consultant assistance to assigned weather organizations
    • Provide weather subject matter expertise to the MAJCOM Inspector General

    Weather Data Management

    • Oversee accuracy and currency of equipment accountability and readiness reporting in databases
    • Coordinate with and/or serve as Weather Data Steward(s) to establish weather data protection, sharing, and governance guidelines
    • Maintain data names, definitions, data integrity rules, and domain values within the command

    Remotely Piloted Aircraft (RPA) Support

    • Provide direct (tailored) weather support to Group 3-5 RPA and general weather support (regional forecast) to Group 1-2 RPA
    • Refer to JP 3-30 for definitions of unmanned aircraft groups

    Joint Typhoon Warning Center

    • Located in Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam, Hawaii, and reports to USN's Fleet Weather Center in San Diego
    • Issues and disseminates tropical cyclone advisories and warnings in the North-West Pacific Ocean, South Pacific Ocean, and Indian Ocean for DoD and other U.S. government agencies

    Weather Forecasting Units/Detachments (WF/Dets)

    • Primary purpose is to integrate environmental impacts into every phase of end-user operations
    • Assess the mission environment to determine environmental threats and opportunities
    • Identify alternatives to enable mission execution

    WF/Dets Roles and Responsibilities

    • Conduct documentation functions
    • Conduct weather integration and MEFP
    • Provide installation and airfield weather services
    • Provide aviation weather forecasting services
    • Assist in identifying and developing weather support requirements for emerging technologies and weapon systems

    Installation and Airfield Weather Services

    • Consists of weather observing, TAF generation, METWATCH, and RP
    • Units responsible for airfield observation evaluate conditions, prepare, and disseminate routine, local, and special weather observations
    • Guidance on recording and disseminating observations can be found in AFMAN 15-111 and MAJCOM supplements

    Mesoscale Processing Centers (MPCs)

    • Provide global and regional graphical weather forecast, airfield, and installation (TAF and RP) support
    • Offer specialized environmental information, space weather, and EMS products and services
    • Include numerical weather modeling and visualization products and services, data collection and dissemination services

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Description

    Coordinate with facilities to equip unit personnel with personal tactical equipment, and plan deployment logistics, including weather and readiness exercises.

    More Like This

    Sustainment Phase Assessment
    5 questions

    Sustainment Phase Assessment

    ContrastyDerivative avatar
    ContrastyDerivative
    Understanding Military Logistics Codes
    40 questions
    Military Equipment Maintenance Procedures
    8 questions
    Military Logistics and Services Overview
    37 questions
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Browser