Milady Chapter 20 Hair Relaxers Quiz & Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is the process that rearranges the structure of curly hair into a straighter or smoother form?

Chemical Hair Relaxing (correct)

Permanent Waving

Hair Conditioning

Hair Coloring

Which of the following are common types of chemical hair relaxers? (Select all that apply)

Ammonium Thio (correct)

Sodium Hydroxide (correct)

Guanidine (correct)

Hydrogen Peroxide

What is sodium hydroxide categorized as?

A lye-based relaxer

How do permanent wave and relaxer services compare?

Both services change the shape of the hair by breaking disulfide bonds. Signup and view all the answers

What does viscosity measure in the context of hair relaxers?

The thickness or thinness of a liquid that affects how the fluid flows. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary ingredient in thio relaxers?

ATG (Ammonium Thioglycolate) Signup and view all the answers

What is the neutralizer used with thio relaxers?

An oxidizing agent, usually hydrogen peroxide. Signup and view all the answers

What is the active ingredient in all hydroxide relaxers?

Hydroxide ion Signup and view all the answers

Which relaxers can swell the hair up to twice its normal diameter? (Select all that apply)

Lithium Hydroxide Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of hydroxide relaxers in relation to thio relaxers?

Hydroxide relaxers are not compatible with thio relaxers. Signup and view all the answers

What is lanthionization?

The process by which hydroxide relaxers permanently straighten hair and removes a sulfur atom from a disulfide bond. Signup and view all the answers

What type of hair is unfit for permanent waving?

Hair treated with hydroxide relaxers. Signup and view all the answers

What are metal hydroxide relaxers?

Relaxers that contain only one component and are used as packaged. Signup and view all the answers

What are the three strengths of hair relaxers?

Mild, Regular, and Super. Signup and view all the answers

What are common low-pH relaxers?

Ammonium sulfite and ammonium bisulfite. Signup and view all the answers

What type of relaxers should be used for fine, color-treated, or damaged hair?

Mild-strength relaxers Signup and view all the answers

What is Periodic Strand Testing?

A method to assess processing time based on various factors including hair type. Signup and view all the answers

What does hydroxide neutralization achieve?

It neutralizes alkaline residues left by a hydroxide relaxer. Signup and view all the answers

What are normalizing lotions?

Conditioners with an acidic pH that restore the hair. Signup and view all the answers

What do Brazilian Keratin Treatments contain?

Silicone polymers and formalin or similar ingredients. Signup and view all the answers

What is a soft curl permanent?

A thio-based chemical service that re-formats curly and wavy hair. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Chemical Hair Relaxers

Chemical hair relaxing rearranges the structure of curly hair into a straighter or smoother form.
Common types include ammonium thio, guanidine, hydroxide, and sodium hydroxide.

Types of Relaxers

Thio and Guanidine Relaxers: Classified as no-lye relaxers.
Sodium Hydroxide: Considered a lye-based relaxer.
Hydroxide Relaxers: Strong alkalis with a pH over 13; contain hydroxide ion as the active ingredient.

Chemistry of Relaxers

Permanent wave services and relaxers both break disulfide bonds to change hair shape.
Thio relaxers use similar active ingredients to permanent waving at a higher concentration and pH (above 10).
Hydroxide relaxers undergo lanthionization, permanently breaking disulfide bonds into lanthionine bonds.

pH Levels

Thio relaxers have a pH between 9-11.5.
Hydroxide relaxers have a pH range of 11.5-14.0.

Compatibility

Hydroxide relaxers make hair unfit for permanent waving due to incompatible chemistry.
Metal hydroxide relaxers require no mixing and are applied directly from the container.

Hair Types and Relaxer Strengths

Available in mild, regular, and super strengths tailored to hair types.
Mild-Strength Relaxers: Suitable for fine, color-treated, or damaged hair; can also texturize.
Regular Strength Relaxers: For normal hair texture, commonly used for smooth straight results.
Super-Strength Relaxers: Designed for maximum straightening on coarse and resistant hair.

Application Techniques

Base cream is used to protect skin and scalp during relaxing.
Base relaxers require protective base cream application prior to relaxer use.
No-base relaxers do not necessitate protective cream.
Periodic strand testing helps determine processing time based on manufacturer recommendations and hair condition.

Post-Relaxer Treatments

Hydroxide neutralization involves an acid-alkali reaction to deactivate alkaline residues and lower pH; does not rebuild disulfide bonds.
Normalizing lotions condition hair with acidic pH to restore hair after treatment.

Additional Treatments

Brazilian Keratin Treatments use silicone polymers and formalin, releasing formaldehyde gas when heated.
Soft curl permanent uses thio-based chemicals for looser curls, similar to thio permanent waves.

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Description

This quiz focuses on the key concepts from Milady's Chapter 20 on Chemical Hair Relaxers. You'll learn about the processes involved in hair relaxing, the types of chemical relaxers, and their classifications. Perfect for beauty students and professionals looking to reinforce their knowledge in hair care.

Milady Chapter 20 Hair Relaxers