Milady Chapter 16 Haircutting Flashcards

Haircutting Terminology

• Apex: The highest point of the head marked by placing a comb flat on the top.
• Guideline: The starting section of hair cut to establish shape, located at the perimeter or interior.
• Blunt Haircut: Also known as one-length or no-elevation cut, features no elevation or over direction.
• Cowlick: A growth pattern where hair stands straight up, often found at the crown.
• Reference Points: Important markers such as ears and jawlines used to establish design lines and shape balance.

Hair Growth and Texture

• Growth Pattern: Direction from which hair grows, influences client consultation and haircutting techniques.
• Hair Density: Refers to the number of individual hair strands per square inch, categorized as thin, medium, or thick.
• Hair Texture: Describes the thickness or diameter of individual hair strands, classified as fine, medium, or coarse.
• Wave Pattern: Describes the amount of movement in hair; can be straight, wavy, curly, or extremely curly.

Cutting Techniques and Tools

• Elevation: The angle at which hair is held from the head during cutting; zero degrees gives a blunt cut, while higher angles create layers.
• Overdirection: Combing hair away from its natural falling position towards a guideline for length or weight increase.
• Texturizing Techniques: Methods like slide cutting, point cutting, and slicing remove bulk while maintaining hair length.
• Blending Shears: Used for scissor-over-comb cutting, varying teeth count (38-50 teeth) helps achieve desired texture.

Shears and Maintenance

• Rockwell Hardness: Ideal hardness for shears is between 56-57; over 63 makes shears too hard.
• Shear Tension: Too tight causes user fatigue; too loose can lead to folding hair.
• Types of Shears: Include thinning shears (26-30 teeth), chunking shears (5-9 teeth), and notching shears designed for specific texturizing needs.

Haircut Design Principles

• Lines in Haircutting:
  • Horizontal Lines: Create width, direct eye movement, and build weight.
  • Vertical Lines: Remove weight and create graduated or layered styles.
  • Diagonal Lines: Add fullness and blend long layers into shorter ones.

Client Interaction

• Client Consultation: Verbal communication to determine desired haircut outcomes and shape.
• Cross-Checking: Method of parting the haircut oppositely to ensure line precision and shape accuracy.

Common Techniques

• Slithering: Thinning hair to graduated lengths while keeping shears partially open.
• Clippers Over Comb: Technique using clippers in a side-to-side motion across the comb for a clean cut.

Ergonomics in Haircutting

• Positioning: Maintain a centered body weight during cutting for stability and control.
• Hand Position: Different grips such as palm-to-palm or cutting over fingers enhance control and precision while cutting.

Miscellaneous

• Nape: The back part of the neck; area below the occipital bone.
• Crown: The area of the head between the apex and back of the parietal ridge.
• Parietal Ridge: The widest part of the head, typically from temples to the bottom of the crown.

Test your knowledge of haircutting techniques with these flashcards from Milady's Chapter 16. Learn important terms such as apex, blunt haircut, and more essential concepts related to haircutting. Perfect for cosmetology students looking to reinforce their learning.