Questions and Answers
Electricity is the movement of _________ from one atom to another along a conductor.
Electrons
The flow of electricity along a conductor is called _________.
Electric current
A substance that does not easily transmit electricity is called _________.
Insulator
Which of the following is not an insulator?
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_________ is the path of negative and positive electric currents moving from the generating source through the conductors and back to the generating source.
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Constant, even flowing electrical current that travels in one direction only is called _______.
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A __________ is a device that changes direct current to alternating current.
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Rapid, interrupted electric current that flows in one direction, then in the opposite direction is called _________ current.
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A __________ is an apparatus that changes alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC).
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The unit that measures the strength of electric current is ______.
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The unit that measures the resistance of an electric current is _______.
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A ________ measures the amount of electric energy used in one second.
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A switch that automatically interrupts or shuts off an electric circuit at the first indication of an overload is _______.
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All of the electrical appliances you use should be ______ certified.
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The different types of electrical currents used in facial and scalp treatments are called ________.
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An applicator used to direct electric current from an electric therapy device to a client's skin is called ________.
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Which term refers to the negative or positive pole of an electric current?
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The positive electrode on an electrotherapy device is called ______.
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In galvanic current, the electrode used on the area to be treated is the _______.
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In facial treatments, the process of infusing water-soluble products into the skin with electric current is called ______.
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Which process infuses an alkaline product into the tissues from the negative pole toward a positive pole?
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Which process is used to soften and emulsify oil deposits in hair follicles to treat acne conditions?
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Which type of electrotherapy involves a thermal current with a high rate of isolation or vibration and is commonly used for scalp and facial treatments?
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What name is given to all of the forms of energy that exist?
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A _________ is the distance between successive peaks of an electromagnetic wave.
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Within the visible spectrum of light, the longest wavelength is ______.
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Ultraviolet rays applied to the skin during treatment prompt the skin to produce _________.
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A _______ is a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction.
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The application of light rays to skin for the treatment of wrinkles or pigmentation is called light therapy or ______.
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A _______ is a color component within the skin such as blood or melanin.
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In LED therapy, ________ light reduces hyperpigmentation.
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Intense pulse light is not used to treat:
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Which unit measures the pressure of force that pushes electric current forward through a conductor?
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The third prong found on the plug of some appliances is called the ______.
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Microcurrent is not used to:
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UV light causes chemical reactions to happen more quickly than visible light and ________.
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Which type of UV light is most associated with sunburns?
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Infrared lamps are not used for:
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Conventional hood dryers can be used to _______.
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Lasers work by selective ______, a process that turns the light from a laser device into heat.
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Study Notes
Electricity Basics
- Electricity is the movement of electrons between atoms along a conductor.
- Electric current refers to the flow of electricity along a conductor.
- An insulator is a substance that does not easily transmit electricity.
- Common insulators include glass, wood, and rubber, whereas copper is not an insulator.
Electric Current Types
- A complete electric current is the path of electric currents moving from a source through conductors and back.
- Direct current (DC) is a constant electrical current flowing in one direction.
- An inverter converts direct current to alternating current (AC).
- Alternating current rapidly changes direction.
Electric Measurements
- The strength of electric current is measured in amps.
- Ohms are used to measure electrical resistance.
- A watt measures the amount of electric energy used in one second.
Circuit Protection and Certification
- A circuit breaker interrupts or shuts off an electric circuit during an overload.
- Appliances should be U.L. certified for safety assurance.
Electrical Treatment in Aesthetics
- In facial and scalp treatments, various electrical currents used are termed modalities.
- An electrode directs electric current from therapy devices to the client's skin.
- Polarity refers to the negative or positive pole of an electric current.
Electrotherapy Devices
- The positive electrode on electrotherapy devices is called the anode.
- The active electrode is used in galvanic current applications for treatment areas.
- Iontophoresis infuses water-soluble products into the skin using electric current.
- Anaphoresis infuses alkaline products from negative to positive pole.
- Disincrustation softens and emulsifies oil deposits in hair follicles and treats acne.
Electromagnetic Spectrum and Light Therapy
- Tesla high-frequency current employs thermal current for scalp and facial treatments.
- The entire range of energy forms is known as the electromagnetic spectrum.
- Wavelength is the distance between successive peaks of an electromagnetic wave.
- Within visible light, red has the longest wavelength.
Light Effects on Skin
- Ultraviolet rays applied to the skin prompt production of Vitamin D.
- A catalyst speeds up chemical reactions.
- Phototherapy applies light rays to treat skin wrinkles or pigmentation.
- A chromophone is a color component in skin, such as blood or melanin.
- In LED therapy, green light helps reduce hyperpigmentation.
Specific Light and Treatment Considerations
- Intense pulse light is not effective for treating rosacea, clogged pores, excessive hair, or spider veins.
- The pressure that pushes electric current through a conductor is measured in volts.
- The grounding pin on appliance plugs provides safety.
- Microcurrent is ineffective for increasing elimination and absorption.
- UV light accelerates chemical reactions and can also kill some germs.
- UVB light is primarily linked to sunburns.
- Infrared lamps do not produce alkaline reactions.
- Conventional hood dryers can shorten chemical processing time.
- Lasers utilize photothermolysis to convert laser light into heat for selective results.
Studying That Suits You
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Description
Test your knowledge with these flashcards from Milady's Chapter 13, which covers essential concepts in electricity related to cosmetology. This quiz includes key terms such as conductors, insulators, and electric current. Perfect for students preparing for exams or anyone looking to refresh their knowledge.
