Μυκηναϊκός Πολιτισμός - Multiple Choice

The first major Greek civilization, flourishing in mainland Greece from 1600 to 1100 BCE. Named after Mycenae, its most important center.

Large, complex buildings that served as administrative centers. Built around 1400 BCE, ruling different regions of Mycenaean Greece.

Originated around 1600 BCE.

The period between 1400 and 1200 BCE, marked by the existence and flourishing of palaces.

Mycenaean civilization absorbed several cultural elements from the Minoans, especially in technology and writing.

Known for impressive structures like cyclopean fortifications and beehive tombs, showcasing creative and unique artistic design.

Palaces served as the administrative heart of territories and cities during the period after 1400 BCE.

The Peloponnese peninsula was the core area of Mycenaean civilization.

A strictly hierarchical society, structured like a pyramid with the king at the top, followed by nobles, priests, and then commoners, with slaves at the bottom.

The highest-ranking individual in the Mycenaean social hierarchy, residing in the palace, the center of power.

Large buildings that served as administrative centers and homes for the ruling elite.

Farmers, herders, and other craftspeople who were part of the Mycenaean population, below the ruling class.

Relied on trade with other civilizations for materials and goods, vital to the functioning of the palaces.

A writing system used by the Mycenaeans, deciphered in the 20th century.

While influenced by other cultures, Mycenaean civilization maintained its own unique identity.

A Bronze Age civilization that flourished in Crete, known for its advanced culture, palaces, and maritime trade.

A Bronze Age civilization that emerged in mainland Greece, characterized by powerful kings, fortified cities (Mycenae), and seafaring expeditions.

A hierarchical society with kings, nobles, merchants, and commoners.

A significant factor in the development of the Mycenaean civilization, connecting it to other regions and fostering cultural exchange.

A language documented through Linear B script, showcasing a unified Greek language among Mycenaean settlements.

A shared religious system and beliefs, unifying the various Mycenaean settlements.

A system characterized by centralized power, with kings and organized administration across settlements.

The practices and beliefs associated with burials and afterlife in Mycenaean society.

Seafaring expeditions that facilitated both trade and warfare, expanding Mycenaean influence across the Mediterranean.

A war between the Mycenaeans and the city of Troy, a significant event reflecting the relationships and conflicts of the period.

Mycenaeans became dominant in the Aegean and established settlements in Asia Minor.

Around 1200 BCE, Mycenaean power declined abruptly, with palaces and cities destroyed.

Possible causes include: migrations, internal conflicts, and broader regional conflicts, like the "Sea Peoples".

The collapse of Mycenaean power resulted in the fall of Mycenaean trade, leading to economic crisis

Linear B writing system vanished around the time of the collapse, before reappearing in later periods

Despite the collapse, Mycenaean cultural elements persisted and influenced later Greek civilizations.

Impressive tombs with elaborate architecture, like the beehive tombs.

Characterized by intricate designs on pottery, jewelry, and other artifacts.

Large buildings serving as administrative centers for the rulers.

Massive stone walls, often used for fortifications.

Wall paintings influenced by Minoan designs.

Massive stone walls marking Mycenaean fortifications, extremely large stones.

A type of Mycenaean tholos tomb, characterized by its dome shape.

Decorative pottery often featuring scenes of people, animals, and chariots.

Ornate and valuable jewelry crafted from gold and silver.

Important trading contacts, influencing interaction with the surrounding civilizations.

Artistic works revealing the wealth, power, and communication of Mycenaean kings and nobles with Eastern and Egyptian countries, sources of valuable materials.

A gold mask from a shaft grave in Mycenae (1550-1500 BCE), once believed to be Agamemnon's, but predates the Trojan War.

Artwork of two Mycenaean warriors depicted in battle chariots, from the Pylos palace.

Gold cups (15th century BCE) discovered in a tholos tomb at Vaphio, containing reliefs of bull-taming scenes in a landscape, possibly crafted by Cretan artisans.

A bronze dagger revealing a lively depiction of a lion hunt, from a shaft grave in Mycenae (1550-1500 BCE).

Extensive trade with Eastern and Egyptian countries provided luxury materials for Mycenaean art and culture.