16 Questions
What is the purpose of phase contrast microscopy?
To visualize transparent specimens without the need for staining
What is the main difference between gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria?
Presence of a thick peptidoglycan layer in gram-positive and a thin layer in gram-negative
What is the function of chloroplasts in eukaryotic microbes?
Photosynthesis
What is the purpose of differential media in bacterial culture?
To distinguish between different types of bacteria based on their growth characteristics
What are the two culture-independent methods to study microbial communities?
16/18s rRNA amplicon sequencing and metagenomics
Which microbial groups have metabolic strategies based on energy and carbon sources?
Green sulfur bacteria, iron oxidizing bacteria, heterotrophic bacteria, and cyanobacteria
What are the mechanisms of horizontal gene transfer?
Transduction, transformation, conjugation
In which industrial applications are microbes commonly involved?
Fermentation in bread and kombucha production, algal biofuels, bioremediation, & phage therapy
Which of the following correctly describes symbiogenesis theory?
It proposes that eukaryotic organelles, such as mitochondria and chloroplasts, originated from free-living prokaryotes through endosymbiosis.
What distinguishes acid-fast bacteria from Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria?
They resist decolorization by acid-alcohol after staining with basic fuchsin.
What is the significance of the 'Great Plate Count Anomaly' in microbiology?
It challenges the accuracy of plate count methods in quantifying viable bacteria in certain environments.
What distinguishes the metabolic strategies of green sulfur bacteria from cyanobacteria?
Utilization of light as an energy source
What distinguishes bacteriostatic antibiotics from bactericidal antibiotics?
Bacteriostatic antibiotics inhibit the growth and reproduction of bacteria, while bactericidal antibiotics directly kill bacterial cells.
In lytic virus replication, what is the function of the protein coat of the virus?
It protects the viral genetic material
What is the role of conjugation in horizontal gene transfer among bacteria?
Direct transfer of DNA through a pilus
What characteristic distinguishes halophiles from thermophiles and psychrophiles?
Prefer high salt environments
Test your knowledge on microscopy techniques such as bright field, phase contrast, reflected light/inverted microscopes, confocal microscopes and electron microscopes. Also, explore the structure and function of various microorganisms including prions, viruses, viroids, bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotic microbes.
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