Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which structure in an amoeba is responsible for movement?
Which structure in an amoeba is responsible for movement?
All fungi are autotrophic organisms.
All fungi are autotrophic organisms.
False
What is the primary component of the cell wall in fungi?
What is the primary component of the cell wall in fungi?
Chitin
Bread mold belongs to the group of fungi known as __________.
Bread mold belongs to the group of fungi known as __________.
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Match the parts of Rhizopus with their functions:
Match the parts of Rhizopus with their functions:
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Which statement about viruses is true?
Which statement about viruses is true?
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All bacteria are autotrophic.
All bacteria are autotrophic.
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What is the primary method of reproduction in bacteria?
What is the primary method of reproduction in bacteria?
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A virus consists of a central nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) surrounded by a protein _____.
A virus consists of a central nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) surrounded by a protein _____.
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Match the following microorganisms with their characteristics:
Match the following microorganisms with their characteristics:
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Study Notes
Microorganisms
- Microorganisms are too small to see with the naked eye.
- Examples include: viruses, bacteria, protists, and fungi.
Viruses
- Very small and not made up of cells (acellular).
- Contain a central nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) surrounded by a protein capsule.
- Do not perform metabolic reactions and are parasitic.
- Replicate inside cells of other living organisms.
- Shapes vary including rod-shaped, spherical, or complex structures.
- Cause diseases in plants and animals.
Bacteria
- Small, unicellular organisms classified under the kingdom Monera.
- Prokaryotic (lack membrane-bound organelles like a nucleus).
- Have a cell wall, plasma membrane surrounding cytoplasm.
- Some have a slime layer or capsule exterior to their cell wall.
- Genetic material (DNA) concentrated in a chromatin body (nucleoid).
- Some move using flagella.
- Reproduce asexually through binary fission.
- Shapes include rod-shaped (bacillus), spherical (coccus), spiral-shaped (spirillum), and comma-shaped (vibrio).
- Some are autotrophic, but most are heterotrophic.
Protists
- Either unicellular or multicellular.
- Eukaryotic (possess a true nucleus).
- Some are autotrophic and carry out photosynthesis due to chloroplasts (like algae).
- Others are heterotrophic, relying on other organisms for food (like Amoeba).
- Locomotion structures include pseudopodia (Amoeba), cilia (Paramecium), and flagella (Euglena).
- Reproduction is mainly asexual (binary fission), but some, like certain algae reproduce sexually.
Fungi
- Some are unicellular (e.g., yeasts), others are multicellular (e.g., mushrooms and molds).
- All fungi have true nuclei and are eukaryotic.
- Cell walls consist of chitin.
- Fungi lack chloroplasts and are heterotrophic.
- Most are saprophytes, living on dead organic matter (e.g., bread mold and mushrooms).
- Some are parasitic, feeding on living material.
- Bodies of multicellular fungi are made up of threads called hyphae, which collectively form a mycelium.
- Hyphae are often multinucleate.
- Fungi reproduce both sexually and asexually.
- Asexual reproduction in unicellular fungi like yeasts occurs through budding.
- In multicellular fungi, asexual reproduction is by means of spores.
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Description
This quiz explores the fascinating world of microorganisms, focusing on viruses and bacteria. Learn about their structures, reproduction methods, and roles in ecosystems. Whether you're studying for a class or just curious, this quiz covers essential characteristics and examples.
