Basic Microbiology: Viruses, Bacteria, and Fungi
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Questions and Answers

What is the estimated ratio of microbial cells to human cells on the planet?

  • More genes associated with the human microbiome than the number of human genes (100 to 1)
  • 1000 species in the oral cavity, 1000 species in the intestinal tract
  • 9 microbial cells for each human cell (correct)
  • Most common locations for microbes in the human is nasal, oral cavity, GI tract, Urogenital tract, and the skin (armpit and forearm)

    • Where are most common locations for microbes in the human body found?

  • More genes associated with the human microbiome than the number of human genes (100 to 1)
  • Nasal, oral cavity, GI tract, Urogenital tract, and the skin (armpit and forearm) (correct)
  • 9 microbial cells for each human cell
  • 1000 species in the oral cavity, 1000 species in the intestinal tract

    • Which of the following statements describes the relationship between microbial cells and human cells?

  • Entire industries are built on microbial activities, but most only appreciate them as agents of disease
  • 9 microbial cells for each human cell (correct)
  • 1000 species in the oral cavity, 1000 species in the intestinal tract
  • More genes associated with the human microbiome than the number of human genes (100 to 1)

    • What is the significance of the number of genes associated with the human microbiome compared to the number of human genes?

    <p>More genes associated with the human microbiome than the number of human genes (100 to 1)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition of the bacterial flagella?

    <p>Flagellin protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do antibacterials like streptomycin and tetracycline inhibit protein synthesis?

    <p>By interfering with ribosomal subunits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of location, what does 'peritrichous' mean in relation to flagella?

    <p>All over the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the basal body of flagella in bacteria?

    <p>Anchors the flagella and spans through the entire cell wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is virulence?

    <p>The quantitative measure of pathogenicity and measured by the number of organisms required to cause a disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which virulence factor is essential for the colonization of the host and increases the ability to adhere to the surface of human cells?

    <p>Adhesins (fimbriae or pili)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of capsules as a virulence factor?

    <p>To prevent phagocytosis and binding of phagocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of toxin is released by Gram-negative cells when they die?

    <p>Endotoxins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of microorganism has no means of independent life-support and is usually just protein and one type of nucleic acid?

    <p>Bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between yeast and molds?

    <p>Yeast are unicellular and molds are multicellular</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main component of the cell wall in bacteria?

    <p>Peptidoglycans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which microorganism has a huge difference in size compared to animal cells, with a typical size of 0.5 to 5 um?

    <p>Bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

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