Basic Microbiology: Viruses, Bacteria, and Fungi
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Questions and Answers

What is the estimated ratio of microbial cells to human cells on the planet?

  • More genes associated with the human microbiome than the number of human genes (100 to 1)
  • 1000 species in the oral cavity, 1000 species in the intestinal tract
  • 9 microbial cells for each human cell (correct)
  • Most common locations for microbes in the human is nasal, oral cavity, GI tract, Urogenital tract, and the skin (armpit and forearm)

Where are most common locations for microbes in the human body found?

  • More genes associated with the human microbiome than the number of human genes (100 to 1)
  • Nasal, oral cavity, GI tract, Urogenital tract, and the skin (armpit and forearm) (correct)
  • 9 microbial cells for each human cell
  • 1000 species in the oral cavity, 1000 species in the intestinal tract

Which of the following statements describes the relationship between microbial cells and human cells?

  • Entire industries are built on microbial activities, but most only appreciate them as agents of disease
  • 9 microbial cells for each human cell (correct)
  • 1000 species in the oral cavity, 1000 species in the intestinal tract
  • More genes associated with the human microbiome than the number of human genes (100 to 1)

What is the significance of the number of genes associated with the human microbiome compared to the number of human genes?

<p>More genes associated with the human microbiome than the number of human genes (100 to 1) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of the bacterial flagella?

<p>Flagellin protein (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do antibacterials like streptomycin and tetracycline inhibit protein synthesis?

<p>By interfering with ribosomal subunits (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In terms of location, what does 'peritrichous' mean in relation to flagella?

<p>All over the cell (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the basal body of flagella in bacteria?

<p>Anchors the flagella and spans through the entire cell wall (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is virulence?

<p>The quantitative measure of pathogenicity and measured by the number of organisms required to cause a disease (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which virulence factor is essential for the colonization of the host and increases the ability to adhere to the surface of human cells?

<p>Adhesins (fimbriae or pili) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of capsules as a virulence factor?

<p>To prevent phagocytosis and binding of phagocytes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of toxin is released by Gram-negative cells when they die?

<p>Endotoxins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of microorganism has no means of independent life-support and is usually just protein and one type of nucleic acid?

<p>Bacteria (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between yeast and molds?

<p>Yeast are unicellular and molds are multicellular (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main component of the cell wall in bacteria?

<p>Peptidoglycans (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which microorganism has a huge difference in size compared to animal cells, with a typical size of 0.5 to 5 um?

<p>Bacteria (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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