Microbiology Quiz: Viruses and Bacteria
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Questions and Answers

What type of microscope is required to see viruses?

  • Light microscope
  • Phase contrast microscope
  • Optical microscope
  • Electron microscope (correct)

    • Which of the following are examples of acellular microbes?

  • Viroids (correct)
  • Bacteria
  • Fungi
  • Prions (correct)

    • In the classification of microorganisms, which is the correct order?

  • Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order (correct)
  • Class, Family, Order, Genus
  • Kingdom, Order, Family, Class
  • Kingdom, Class, Order, Family

    • How many membrane-bound organelles does a prokaryotic cell contain?

    <p>Zero</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What unit is used to measure bacteria?

    <p>Micrometers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between HIV and AIDS?

    <p>HIV attacks T-cells; AIDS is a progression of HIV.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is gram staining important in microbiology?

    <p>It assists in proper bacterial identification and antibiotic prescription.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following shapes describes bacillus bacteria?

    <p>Rod-shaped</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs in the uncoating phase of a viral infection?

    <p>The virus capsid is stripped off and genetic material enters the cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase do viruses direct the host cell to synthesize enzymes for new viral substances?

    <p>Biosynthesis phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two methods by which a virus can leave the host cell?

    <p>Lysis and slow excretion from the host cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure is NOT part of a virus?

    <p>Mitochondria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What shapes can viruses have?

    <p>Spiral and complex geometric</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which virus is an example of an RNA virus?

    <p>Rubivirus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines a latent viral infection?

    <p>The virus remains hidden and does not reproduce immediately.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which category of viruses is determined by the type of genome they possess?

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the classification of medications that must be prescribed in writing and has a lower abuse potential than schedule 2?

    <p>CNS depressants with limited refills</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which FDA pregnancy category indicates that studies have demonstrated no fetal risk?

    <p>Category B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of an emetic?

    <p>To induce vomiting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following terms describes a drug that decreases the advance of disease?

    <p>Curative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the abbreviation 'IV' stand for in medical terminology?

    <p>Intravenous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between a dietary supplement and a nutraceutical?

    <p>DS contains only vitamins, N is broader</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following medications falls under the classification that has no refills after six months and must be prescribed with caution?

    <p>Librium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'prophylactic' refer to in medical terminology?

    <p>A preventive measure against disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of facultative anaerobes?

    <p>They can survive in both aerobic and anaerobic conditions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a way pathogens cause disease?

    <p>Exhibiting Flagella</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which property is NOT associated with viruses?

    <p>They replicate independently.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the main differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

    <p>Prokaryotes lack membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotes have them.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which classification criterion is NOT used for viruses?

    <p>Type of cellular respiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first phase in the multiplication process of an animal virus?

    <p>Adsorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What allows a virus to penetrate a host cell?

    <p>Virus envelope interacting with host membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which category of microbes falls under eukaryotes?

    <p>Fungi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an indication for the use of nitrous oxide?

    <p>Gags easily</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the time from injection to effective conduction blockage known as?

    <p>Induction time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential risk associated with corticosteroids?

    <p>Atrophy of the adrenal gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which local anesthetic is known for producing consistent vasoconstriction?

    <p>Cocaine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does local anesthetic do to sodium (Na) and potassium (K)?

    <p>Inhibits their movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the rule of two in relation to adrenocorticosteroids?

    <p>Patients on steroids should double their dose when ill</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about local anesthesia (LA) is true?

    <p>Amides are metabolized in the liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what situation is it considered appropriate to supplement nitrous oxide for general anesthesia?

    <p>In some cases, especially in the operating room</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of palliative medication?

    <p>To provide pain relief and soothe symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which route of administration is known for providing the fastest onset of action?

    <p>IV</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant disadvantage of the enteral route of medication administration?

    <p>Inactivation by stomach acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are narcotics required to have for official use?

    <p>A written prescription (RX)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key requirement for documentation when administering medication under a dentist's order?

    <p>Documenting after every visit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be checked before retrieving a drug from storage?

    <p>The expiration date of the drug</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following accurately describes a major difference between Volume 1 and Volume 2 of the pharmacopeia?

    <p>Volume 1 sets drug standards, and Volume 2 provides drug information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is an example of a curative treatment?

    <p>Antibiotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Bio Final Exam Summary

    • Microorganisms (Microbes) are Bacteria, Viruses, Fungi, Protozoa, and Algae.
    • Acellular microbes are non-living, including Viruses and Prions.
    • Cellular microbe are living microbes like Bacteria, Archaea, some Algae, Protozoa, and some Fungi.
    • Pathogens are harmful infectious agents; only about 3% are pathogenic.
    • Opportunistic pathogens can cause disease if the host has a weakened immune system.
    • Nonpathogens are helpful microbes, such as those in the indigenous microflora, that help prevent growth of pathogens.
    • Decomposers (Saprophytes) break down dead organic matter and recycle nutrients.
    • Immunology is the study of protection from disease, including sterilization.
    • Bacteriology is the study of bacteria.
    • Virology is the study of viruses.
    • Commensalism is a symbiotic relationship where one organism benefits and the other is unaffected.
    • Mutualism is a symbiotic relationship where both organisms benefit.
    • Parasitism is a symbiotic relationship where one organism benefits at the expense of the other.
    • Microbiology includes the study of Protozoa, fungi, algae (Phycology), and organisms that live off of dead and decaying matter (Saphophytes). Organisms like amoeba, use false feet, pseudopods to move.
    • Virulent bacteriophages cause a lytic cycle and completely destroy a bacterial cell.

    Infectious Disease vs. Microbial Intoxication

    • Infectious Disease occurs when a pathogen colonizes the body.
    • Microbial Intoxication happens when a toxin produced by a pathogen is consumed.

    Microbial Transfer

    • Pathogens can be transferred between healthcare providers and patients through contaminated items, clothes, and food.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of microbiology with this quiz focused on viruses and bacteria. Questions cover topics such as acellular microbes, cell structures, and viral infections. Perfect for students studying microbiology or related fields!

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