Microorganisms Quiz

Reproduction = Production of offspring by an organism Irritability = Ability to respond to stimuli Protection = Defense mechanism against harm or danger Pathogenic = Capable of causing disease

Aerobes = Microorganisms requiring oxygen to live Mycology = Study of fungi Endospore = Protective form produced by certain bacteria in harsh environments Normal flora = Microorganism population living on skin and mucous membranes

Spirochete = Lyme Disease Bacillus = Tuberculosis Sporozoa = Malaria Virus = Chicken Pox

<p>Gram positive = Cell wall absorbs a specific stain Bacteria classification = Based on shape and arrangement of cells (morphology) Viruses vs. Bacteria = Bacteria are cells, viruses are not cells Virus duplication = Inside a living cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Culture test = Describes growth, growth requirements, and sensitivity Conditions for microorganism growth = Warm, dark, moist environment, and food Bacterial classification = Based on shape and arrangement of cells (morphology) Viruses vs. Bacteria = Bacteria can reproduce on their own, viruses need a living cell to do so</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Disinfectant = Destroys or irreversibly inactivates many or all pathogenic microorganisms on inanimate objects and surfaces Antiseptic = Destroys or prevents the growth of bacteria or other microorganisms on living tissue Antibiotic = Kills or inhibits the growth of bacteria and is used to treat bacterial infections Sterilization = Completely destroys all microorganisms and their spores, often used in medical and laboratory settings</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Epidemic = Rapid spread of a disease to a large number of people in a community Pandemic = Global epidemic affecting a large geographic area Endemic = Constant presence or usual prevalence of a disease or infectious agent in a population within a geographic area Mortality rate = Number of deaths from a particular cause divided by the total number of cases of that cause, usually expressed as a percentage</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fomite = Inanimate object that can carry infectious organisms Vector = Living organism that can transmit infectious pathogens between humans or from animals to humans Local infection = Infection confined to a specific location in the body Systemic infection = Infection that affects the entire body or multiple organ systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pasteurization = Reduces the number of microorganisms and pathogens in a substance, such as milk or juice Sterilization = Kills all microorganisms and pathogens, including spores, to ensure complete elimination of contamination Opportunist = Microorganism that is usually harmless but may become a pathogen in certain circumstances Helminthology = Study of parasitic worms</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Virulence = The ability of a pathogen to cause disease Sensitivity = Laboratory procedure to determine the proper antibiotic to use to treat an infection Mycoses = Diseases caused by fungi Opportunistic infection = Infection that occurs when the host has a weakened immune system or when a normal flora is disrupted</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reproduction = Process of producing offspring or new individuals Irritability = Ability to respond to stimuli or changes in the environment Protection = Defense mechanism against harmful factors or substances Pathogenic = Capable of causing disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aerobes = Microorganisms requiring oxygen for growth and survival Morphology = Study of the shape and arrangement of bacterial cells Endospore = Protective form produced by some bacteria in harsh environments Normal flora = Population of microorganisms living on skin and mucous membranes, preventing pathogen colonization</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lyme Disease = Spirochete Tuberculosis = Bacillus Malaria = Sporozoa Chicken Pox = Virus</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gram positive bacteria = Absorb a specific stain in their cell wall Bacteria vs. Viruses = Bacteria are cells, viruses are not cells and require living cells for reproduction Virus duplication = Occurs inside a host cell Culture and sensitivity test = Describes growth, growth requirements, and sensitivity of microorganisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Disinfectant = A substance or process that destroys or irreversibly inactivates many or all pathogenic microorganisms on inanimate objects and surfaces. Antiseptic = A substance that destroys or prevents the growth of bacteria or other microorganisms. Antiseptics are typically used on living tissue, such as the skin, while disinfectants are used on inanimate objects. Antibiotic = A substance that kills or inhibits the growth of bacteria. Antibiotics are typically used to treat bacterial infections. Sterilization = A physical or chemical process that completely destroys all microorganisms and their spores. Sterilization is often used in medical and laboratory settings to ensure that instruments and equipment are free of contamination.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Epidemic = The rapid spread of a disease to a large number of people in a community. Pandemic = A global epidemic. Endemic = The constant presence or usual prevalence of a disease or infectious agent in a population within a geographic area. Mortality rate = The number of deaths from a particular cause divided by the total number of cases of that cause, usually expressed as a percentage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fomite = Inanimate object Vector = Animal Local infection = Confined to a small area of the body Systemic infection = Affecting the whole body, or at least multiple organ systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pasteurization = Reduces the number of microorganisms and pathogens. Sterilization = Kills all microorganisms and pathogens including spores. Opportunist = A microorganism that is usually harmless but may become a pathogen in certain circumstances. Helminthology = Study of parasitic worms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Streptococci = Spheres in a chain Diplo bacilli = Two rod-shaped cells Spirochetes = Shaped like a corkscrew Vibrios = Shaped like a curved rod</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ringworm = Fungus Hepatitis A = Virus Respiratory mucosa = Portal of exit/entry GI mucosa = Portal of exit/entry</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Disinfectant = A substance or process that destroys or irreversibly inactivates many or all pathogenic microorganisms on inanimate objects and surfaces. Antiseptic = A substance that destroys or prevents the growth of bacteria or other microorganisms, typically used on living tissue. Antibiotic = A substance that kills or inhibits the growth of bacteria, typically used to treat bacterial infections. Sterilization = A physical or chemical process that completely destroys all microorganisms and their spores, often used in medical and laboratory settings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Epidemic = The rapid spread of a disease to a large number of people in a community. Pandemic = A global epidemic. Endemic = The constant presence or usual prevalence of a disease or infectious agent in a population within a geographic area. Mortality rate = The number of deaths from a particular cause divided by the total number of cases of that cause, usually expressed as a percentage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pasteurization = Reduces the number of microorganisms and pathogens, commonly used in food and beverage processing. Sterilization = Kills all microorganisms and pathogens including spores, often used in medical and laboratory settings to ensure equipment is free of contamination. Disinfectant = A substance or process that destroys or irreversibly inactivates many or all pathogenic microorganisms on inanimate objects and surfaces. Antibiotic = A substance that kills or inhibits the growth of bacteria, typically used to treat bacterial infections.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Helminthology = The study of parasitic worms. Mycoses = Diseases caused by fungi. Virulence = The ability of a pathogen to cause disease. Opportunistic infection = A microorganism that is usually harmless but may become a pathogen in certain circumstances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Oro-fecal route = Portal of exit = feces, portal of entry = mouth. Respiratory mucosa = One of the common portals of exit/entry for microorganisms, involved in transmission of respiratory infections. Blood = One of the common portals of exit/entry for microorganisms, involved in transmission of bloodborne infections. Sputum = One of the common portals of exit/entry for microorganisms, involved in transmission of respiratory infections.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Disinfectant = Destroys microbes on inanimate objects. Antiseptic = Destroys microbes on living beings. Sterilization = Destroys all living organisms. Pasteurization = Reduces the number of microorganisms and pathogens, commonly used in food and beverage processing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reproduction = The process of producing offspring or new individuals Irritability = The ability to respond to stimuli or changes in the environment Protection = The defense mechanisms employed by microorganisms to ensure survival Morphology = The study of the shape and arrangement of bacterial cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aerobes = Microorganisms that require oxygen to live Endospore = A protective form produced by some bacteria in harsh environments Normal flora = Population of microorganisms living on skin and mucous membranes, preventing pathogen occupation Gram positive = Bacteria with cell walls that absorb a specific stain</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lyme Disease = Spirochete Tuberculosis = Bacillus Malaria = Sporozoa Chicken Pox = Virus</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mycology = The study of fungi Pathogenic = Causing disease Normal flora = Microorganisms living on skin and mucous membranes, preventing pathogen occupation Culture and sensitivity test = Describes microbial growth, requirements, and sensitivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bacteria are cells = Viruses are not cells Bacteria can reproduce on their own = Viruses need a living cell to reproduce Bacteria duplicate inside a cell = Viruses duplicate inside a living cell Bacteria classified by shape and arrangement of cells = Viruses differ in structure and replication mechanism</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aerobes = Microorganisms that require oxygen to live Endospore = A protective form produced by some bacteria in harsh environments Normal flora = Population of microorganisms living on skin and mucous membranes, preventing pathogen occupation Gram positive = Bacteria with cell walls that absorb a specific stain</p> Signup and view all the answers