unit 2 cc5

Primary active transport requires energy input to move nutrients against a concentration gradient, while secondary active transport is used to transport nutrients that are moving with a concentration gradient and also requires energy input.

Uniport involves the movement of one molecule across the cell membrane, symport involves the movement of two molecules in the same direction, and antiport involves the movement of two molecules in opposite directions across the cell membrane.

Group translocation involves the movement of a group of molecules across the cell membrane. The molecules are first modified by a protein on the inside of the cell membrane and then transported across the cell membrane by another protein.

Transport proteins are specific for the molecules they transport and help to move molecules across the cell membrane without the need for energy input.

Symport involves the movement of two molecules in the same direction across the cell membrane.

Primary active transport requires energy input from the microorganism to move nutrients against a concentration gradient.

Antiport involves the movement of two molecules in opposite directions across the cell membrane.

Transport proteins are specific for the molecules they transport, allowing them to facilitate the movement of specific molecules across the cell membrane.

Diffusion is a mechanism of nutrient uptake where nutrients move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. It benefits microorganisms by allowing them to passively obtain nutrients from their environment without requiring energy input.

Active transport is a mechanism of nutrient uptake that requires energy input from the microorganism to move nutrients against a concentration gradient. It is used to transport nutrients that are at a lower concentration in the environment than they are inside the microorganism.

Facilitated diffusion is similar to diffusion but involves the use of transport proteins to help nutrients move across the cell membrane. It is faster than passive diffusion and can transport nutrients that are at a higher concentration inside the microorganism than they are outside the cell.

Transport proteins aid in the movement of nutrients across the cell membrane during facilitated diffusion, making the process faster and enabling the transport of nutrients at a higher concentration inside the microorganism than they are outside the cell.

Passive diffusion is a spontaneous process where molecules move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration until equilibrium is reached. It is significant for microorganisms as it allows them to passively obtain nutrients without requiring energy input.

Active transport requires energy input from the microorganism to move nutrients against a concentration gradient, while facilitated diffusion is faster and involves the use of transport proteins to aid nutrient movement across the cell membrane.

The three mechanisms are diffusion, active transport, and facilitated diffusion. They differ in terms of energy requirement, direction of nutrient movement, and the involvement of transport proteins in aiding nutrient uptake.