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Questions and Answers
What condition results from hypoplasia of the mandible and can lead to respiratory difficulty?
What condition results from hypoplasia of the mandible and can lead to respiratory difficulty?
What term describes defects transmitted from parents to offspring without a clearly identified genetic location?
What term describes defects transmitted from parents to offspring without a clearly identified genetic location?
Which developmental anomaly is characterized by notched incisors and mulberry molars?
Which developmental anomaly is characterized by notched incisors and mulberry molars?
What are commissural lip pits primarily characterized by?
What are commissural lip pits primarily characterized by?
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Which of the following is NOT an example of an acquired developmental anomaly?
Which of the following is NOT an example of an acquired developmental anomaly?
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What is a common occurrence rate for commissural lip pits?
What is a common occurrence rate for commissural lip pits?
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Which statement about developmental disturbances of soft tissue is true?
Which statement about developmental disturbances of soft tissue is true?
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Which of the following represents a key characteristic of acquired developmental anomalies?
Which of the following represents a key characteristic of acquired developmental anomalies?
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What is a characteristic feature of median rhomboid glossitis?
What is a characteristic feature of median rhomboid glossitis?
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What type of tissue is primarily contained within a lingual thyroid nodule?
What type of tissue is primarily contained within a lingual thyroid nodule?
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What is NOT typical of median rhomboid glossitis?
What is NOT typical of median rhomboid glossitis?
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Which type of amelogenesis imperfecta is characterized by defective matrix deposition?
Which type of amelogenesis imperfecta is characterized by defective matrix deposition?
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Which of the following conditions is associated with defective maturation of enamel?
Which of the following conditions is associated with defective maturation of enamel?
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What distinguishes the hypomaturation-hypoplastic type of amelogenesis imperfecta?
What distinguishes the hypomaturation-hypoplastic type of amelogenesis imperfecta?
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In the context of thyroid nodules, what does colloid degeneration indicate?
In the context of thyroid nodules, what does colloid degeneration indicate?
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The effects of amelogenesis imperfecta can be observed in which types of dentition?
The effects of amelogenesis imperfecta can be observed in which types of dentition?
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What is a characteristic histological feature of hairy tongue?
What is a characteristic histological feature of hairy tongue?
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What is the clinical presentation of a lingual thyroid nodule?
What is the clinical presentation of a lingual thyroid nodule?
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Which factor is associated with the development of a lingual thyroid nodule?
Which factor is associated with the development of a lingual thyroid nodule?
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Which cells are often found histologically in the case of hairy tongue?
Which cells are often found histologically in the case of hairy tongue?
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What occurs to the papillae in the condition of hairy tongue?
What occurs to the papillae in the condition of hairy tongue?
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Which condition is associated with congenital micrognathia?
Which condition is associated with congenital micrognathia?
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What is a known outcome of facial hemiatrophy?
What is a known outcome of facial hemiatrophy?
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Which syndrome is not associated with congenital micrognathia?
Which syndrome is not associated with congenital micrognathia?
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What is the etiology of congenital micrognathia?
What is the etiology of congenital micrognathia?
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Facial hemi-hypertrophy is best described as:
Facial hemi-hypertrophy is best described as:
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Which of the following conditions is commonly associated with facial hemiatrophy?
Which of the following conditions is commonly associated with facial hemiatrophy?
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Which dental anomalies are commonly seen in patients with congenital syphilis?
Which dental anomalies are commonly seen in patients with congenital syphilis?
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What is the condition characterized by horizontal folds of mucosal tissue in the lips?
What is the condition characterized by horizontal folds of mucosal tissue in the lips?
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What defines the cause of ankylosis in dental contexts?
What defines the cause of ankylosis in dental contexts?
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Which condition is characterized by an enlarged tongue due to muscular overdevelopment?
Which condition is characterized by an enlarged tongue due to muscular overdevelopment?
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Which feature is NOT commonly associated with Down syndrome?
Which feature is NOT commonly associated with Down syndrome?
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What are Fordyce granules primarily composed of?
What are Fordyce granules primarily composed of?
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What is a common cause of congenital macroglossia?
What is a common cause of congenital macroglossia?
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Which of the following is a characteristic feature of Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome?
Which of the following is a characteristic feature of Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome?
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What describes pseudomacroglossia?
What describes pseudomacroglossia?
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Which anatomical feature is typically found in patients with Down syndrome?
Which anatomical feature is typically found in patients with Down syndrome?
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What is commonly observed in the histology of Fordyce granules?
What is commonly observed in the histology of Fordyce granules?
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Which condition is associated with both congenital macroglossia and cardiac abnormalities?
Which condition is associated with both congenital macroglossia and cardiac abnormalities?
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Study Notes
Micrognathia
- Congenital causes include Pierre Robin syndrome, Catel Manzke syndrome, and Cerebrocostomandibular syndrome
- Intrauterine acquired conditions include congenital syphilis
- Acquired developmental anomalies are defects that occur during intrauterine life due to some pathological environment condition and can be prenatal, neonatal, or postnatal
- Causes of acquired developmental anomalies include congenital syphilis (notched incisors and mulberry molars) and fluorides (enamel hypoplasia)
Facial Hemiatrophy & Hemihypertrophy
- Facial hemiatrophy is also known as Parry Romberg Syndrome, Progressive Facial Hemiatrophy, and Progressive hemifacial atrophy
- Facial hemihypertrophy is also known as Friedreich's Disease
- Facial hemihypertrophy is a significant unilateral enlargement of the face and represents hyperplasia of tissues rather than hypertrophy
- Syndromes associated with facial hemihypertrophy include Neurofibromatosis, Beckwith Wiedemann syndrome, and familial developmental anomalies
Double Lip
- Often congenital
- Usually affects lower lip more than upper lip
- Composed of a horizontal fold of mucosal tissue
Macroglossia
- Condition where the patient has an enlarged tongue
- True macroglossia and pseudomacroglossia are both observed
- Pseudomacroglossia is due to conditions that force the tongue to sit in an abnormal position, including habitual posturing of the tongue, enlarged tonsils/adenoids
- True macroglossia can be congenital or acquired
- Causes for congenital macroglossia include over development of the musculature, Down syndrome and Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome
Hairy Tongue
- Characterized by marked accumulation of keratin on filiform papillae of the dorsal surface resulting in a hair like appearance
- Histologic features include presence of fungal hyphae, loss of papillae, elongated rete ridges and lymphocytic infiltration
Lingual Thyroid Nodule
- Thyroid tissue located at the mid-posterior dorsum of the tongue
- Clinically presents as a 2-3 cm smooth sessile mass
- Appears during puberty or adolescence
- Histopathology reveals normal mature thyroid tissue with occasional colloid degeneration
Amelogenesis Imperfecta
- Also known as Hereditary enamel dysplasia, Hereditary brown enamel, and Hereditary brown opalescent tooth
- Group of conditions caused by defects in the genes encoding enamel matrix proteins
- Affects both dentition deciduous and permanent
- Types include hypoplastic (defective matrix deposition), hypocalcification (defective calcification), hypomaturation (defective maturation), and hypomaturation-hypoplastic with taurodontism
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Description
This quiz covers micrognathia and related facial conditions such as facial hemiatrophy and hemihypertrophy. It discusses congenital and acquired causes, notable syndromes, and their implications. Test your knowledge on these developmental anomalies and their characteristics.
