Microbiology: Viral Pathogens and Immunizations
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Questions and Answers

What are the components of non-cellular microbes?

  • Nucleic acid and envelope
  • Capsid and spikes
  • Proteins and accessory proteins
  • Nucleic acid and capsid (correct)

    • How do viruses escape to infect new hosts after assembly?

  • By causing cells to fuse (correct)
  • By transforming into bacteria
  • By creating antibodies
  • By multiplying within the same host

    • Which defense mechanism involves T cells killing infected cells?

  • Cell-mediated immunity (correct)
  • Antibodies production
  • Suppressing viral replication
  • Interferon response

    • What is a common characteristic of human herpes viruses (HHV) as a family?

    <p>Ability to become latent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What enables a virus to hide from the immune system?

    <p>Insertion of viral DNA into chromosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which virus is an enveloped virus?

    <p>Coronavirus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mode of transmission for measles?

    <p>Airborne transmission via aerosolized droplets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which virus blocks T-helper cell proliferation response to IL-2?

    <p>Measles virus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following viruses has a known animal reservoir?

    <p>Picornavirus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which virus is a DNA virus?

    <p>Adenovirus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of enveloped viruses?

    <p>They are more resistant to drying than non-enveloped viruses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following viruses is a double-stranded DNA virus?

    <p>Hepatitis B virus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a symptom of measles?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a viral virulence factor?

    <p>Antigens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a reservoir for viruses?

    <p>Inanimate objects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common location for genital warts in men?

    <p>Penile shaft</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which virus is primarily responsible for causing genital warts?

    <p>Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which high-risk HPVs are associated with anogenital malignancies?

    <p>HPV 16, 18, 31</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average age at which anogenital malignancies mainly occur in women?

    <p>54 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which virus is a major cause of the common cold?

    <p>Rhinovirus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of virus causes oral cold sores and genital sores?

    <p>Varicella Zoster virus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which virus in the text may be secreted in saliva for up to 7 weeks after recovery?

    <p>Herpes Simplex Viruses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which virus can become latent in nerves similar to Herpes simplex?

    <p>Varicella Zoster virus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of disease does Varicella Zoster virus cause in addition to chicken pox?

    <p>Respiratory disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which virus vaccination is available for both Varicella and Zoster?

    <p>Varicella Zoster virus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of influenza virus causes febrile respiratory disease with systemic symptoms?

    <p>Influenza virus A</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which viral protein is responsible for attachment in influenza virus?

    <p>H antigen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the N antigen in the influenza virus?

    <p>Cuts off sugar on glycoprotein receptor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process produces new strains of influenza viruses that can jump to humans?

    <p>Antigenic shift</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are flu vaccines typically made?

    <p>From deactivated viruses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main antigenic type of the influenza virus currently?

    <p>Type A - H3N2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of influenza virus is Rimantadine effective against?

    <p>Type A only</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended timing for giving Amantadine for influenza?

    <p>Early</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is effective against both Type A and Type B influenza viruses?

    <p>Zanamivir</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does influenza spread primarily?

    <p>Aerosol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the incubation period for influenza?

    <p>18-72 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which body response is triggered by the influenza virus?

    <p>Production of Interferon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the major causes of influenza virus-associated death?

    <p>Cardiac failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the diagnosis of influenza commonly confirmed?

    <p>Isolation Nose or Throat Swab</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential complication of influenza?

    <p>Secondary bacterial infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

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