Microbiology: Viral Pathogens and Immunizations
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Questions and Answers

What are the components of non-cellular microbes?

  • Nucleic acid and envelope
  • Capsid and spikes
  • Proteins and accessory proteins
  • Nucleic acid and capsid (correct)

How do viruses escape to infect new hosts after assembly?

  • By causing cells to fuse (correct)
  • By transforming into bacteria
  • By creating antibodies
  • By multiplying within the same host

Which defense mechanism involves T cells killing infected cells?

  • Cell-mediated immunity (correct)
  • Antibodies production
  • Suppressing viral replication
  • Interferon response

What is a common characteristic of human herpes viruses (HHV) as a family?

<p>Ability to become latent (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What enables a virus to hide from the immune system?

<p>Insertion of viral DNA into chromosome (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which virus is an enveloped virus?

<p>Coronavirus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mode of transmission for measles?

<p>Airborne transmission via aerosolized droplets (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which virus blocks T-helper cell proliferation response to IL-2?

<p>Measles virus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following viruses has a known animal reservoir?

<p>Picornavirus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which virus is a DNA virus?

<p>Adenovirus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of enveloped viruses?

<p>They are more resistant to drying than non-enveloped viruses. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following viruses is a double-stranded DNA virus?

<p>Hepatitis B virus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a symptom of measles?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a viral virulence factor?

<p>Antigens (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a reservoir for viruses?

<p>Inanimate objects (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common location for genital warts in men?

<p>Penile shaft (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which virus is primarily responsible for causing genital warts?

<p>Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which high-risk HPVs are associated with anogenital malignancies?

<p>HPV 16, 18, 31 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the average age at which anogenital malignancies mainly occur in women?

<p>54 years (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which virus is a major cause of the common cold?

<p>Rhinovirus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of virus causes oral cold sores and genital sores?

<p>Varicella Zoster virus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which virus in the text may be secreted in saliva for up to 7 weeks after recovery?

<p>Herpes Simplex Viruses (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which virus can become latent in nerves similar to Herpes simplex?

<p>Varicella Zoster virus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of disease does Varicella Zoster virus cause in addition to chicken pox?

<p>Respiratory disease (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which virus vaccination is available for both Varicella and Zoster?

<p>Varicella Zoster virus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of influenza virus causes febrile respiratory disease with systemic symptoms?

<p>Influenza virus A (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which viral protein is responsible for attachment in influenza virus?

<p>H antigen (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the N antigen in the influenza virus?

<p>Cuts off sugar on glycoprotein receptor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process produces new strains of influenza viruses that can jump to humans?

<p>Antigenic shift (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are flu vaccines typically made?

<p>From deactivated viruses (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main antigenic type of the influenza virus currently?

<p>Type A - H3N2 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of influenza virus is Rimantadine effective against?

<p>Type A only (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended timing for giving Amantadine for influenza?

<p>Early (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is effective against both Type A and Type B influenza viruses?

<p>Zanamivir (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does influenza spread primarily?

<p>Aerosol (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the incubation period for influenza?

<p>18-72 hours (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which body response is triggered by the influenza virus?

<p>Production of Interferon (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the major causes of influenza virus-associated death?

<p>Cardiac failure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the diagnosis of influenza commonly confirmed?

<p>Isolation Nose or Throat Swab (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential complication of influenza?

<p>Secondary bacterial infection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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