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Questions and Answers
Which process involves the transfer of a plasmid via an F pilus?
What is unique to prokaryotes and not found in eukaryotes?
Which statement about gene expression is false?
What distinguishes a constitutive enzyme from an inducible enzyme?
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What is the main difference between generalized and specialized transduction?
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Study Notes
Enzymes
- Constitutive enzymes are always present and active in cells, whereas inducible enzymes are only produced in response to specific stimuli or conditions.
- Inducible enzymes are synthesized only when needed, allowing cells to conserve energy and resources.
Transduction
- Generalized transduction involves the transfer of random fragments of chromosomal DNA from one bacterium to another via a bacteriophage.
- Specialized transduction involves the transfer of specific genes or genetic regions from one bacterium to another via a bacteriophage.
Cell Biology
- An F pilus is essential for plasmid transfer by conjugation, allowing for the direct transfer of genetic material between bacteria.
- Polyribosomes are present in prokaryotes, but not eukaryotes, allowing for the simultaneous translation of multiple proteins from a single messenger RNA molecule.
- Spliceosomes are not present in prokaryotes, as they are involved in the splicing of introns and exons, which is a characteristic of eukaryotic gene expression.
Gene Expression
- Multiple RNA polymerase molecules can transcribe a specific gene simultaneously, allowing for the rapid production of messenger RNA.
- Multiple ribosomes can translate a specific transcript simultaneously, allowing for the rapid production of protein.
- Translation begins at a site called a ribosome binding site, not a promoter.
- Transcription stops at a site called a terminator, which is a specific DNA sequence that signals the end of gene transcription.
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Description
Test your knowledge of microbiology concepts, including enzymes, genetic transfer mechanisms, and prokaryotic characteristics.
