Microbiology Lecture: Superficial, Cutaneous, and Subcutaneous Mycoses

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Questions and Answers

What is the characteristic of the nodules in White Piedra?

  • Smaller, yellowish nodules
  • Larger, softer, yellowish nodules (correct)
  • Smaller, blackish nodules
  • Harder, blackish nodules

What is the primary site of infection for dermatophytes?

  • Viable skin
  • Muscle tissue
  • Nerve tissue
  • Non-viable skin (correct)

What is the characteristic of the hyphae in dermatophyte infections?

  • Transparent, non-septate, branching
  • Hyaline, septate, branching (correct)
  • Pigmented, septate, spiral
  • Colorless, non-septate, linear

What is the common name for dermatophyte infections?

<p>Ringworm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the genus of fungi that includes the cause of Piedra?

<p>Trichosporon (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical appearance of the yeast and short hyphal forms of Malassezia furfur species complex?

<p>Spaghetti and meatballs appearance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of treatment for Malassezia infection?

<p>Reduce the cutaneous population to commensal level (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the fungus that causes Tinea Nigra?

<p>Hortaea werneckii (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Piedra?

<p>A nodular infection of the hair shaft (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of Pityriasis Versicolor?

<p>Malassezia globosa and Malassezia furfur (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the fungus that causes Black Piedra?

<p>Piedraia hortae (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of Cutaneous Mycoses?

<p>Pityriasis versicolor (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to group the various fungi that cause infections of the skin, hair, and nails?

<p>Dermatophyte (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic appearance of Pityriasis versicolor under a microscope?

<p>Clusters of thick-walled round budding yeast-like cells and short septate hyphae (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a type of Superficial Mycoses?

<p>Piedra (Black and White) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following fungi is associated with Piedra?

<p>Hortaea werneckii (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of Anthropophilic species?

<p>Difficult to eradicate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of geophilic and zoophilic dermatophytes?

<p>Elicits relatively mild and chronic infections (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following fungi is associated with Tinea Nigra?

<p>Piedraia hortae (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of Pityriasis Versicolor?

<p>White to yellow granules (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which fungus is responsible for Pityriasis Versicolor?

<p>Malassezia furfur (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Tinea Nigra?

<p>Infects skin and nails (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of Piedra is caused by Piedraia hortae?

<p>White Piedra (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Microsporum spp. infections?

<p>Infects hair and skin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Trichophyton spp. infections?

<p>Infects skin, hair, and nails (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the infection of Tinea Pedis?

<p>It usually occurs as a chronic infection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the hair in Tinea Capitis?

<p>Hyphae grow downward on the nonliving portion of the hair (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the lesions of Tinea Corporis?

<p>They have a clearing, scaly center surrounded by a red advancing border (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Tinea Cruris?

<p>It is a type of skin infection that occurs in the groin area (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the chain of spores that form around the hair shaft in Tinea Capitis?

<p>Ectothrix (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Trichophyton rubrum's microconidia?

<p>They are small and piriform (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Microsporum species' macroconidia?

<p>They are echinulate and multicellular (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the reverse color of Trichophyton rubrum's colony on SDA?

<p>Pink-red to red-wine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the host of Microsporum canis?

<p>Dogs and cats (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Trichophyton mentagrophytes' microconidia?

<p>They are abundant in grape-like clusters (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the surface color of Trichophyton rubrum's colony on SDA?

<p>Flat to slightly raised, white to cream (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the host of Trichophyton equinum?

<p>Horses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Trichophyton tonsurans' microconidia?

<p>They are mostly elongate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Microsporum species' conidia?

<p>They are born singly (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Trichophyton mentagrophytes' macroconidia?

<p>They are rare, 3-8 celled, and pencil-shaped (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common type of dermatophytosis?

<p>Tinea Pedis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common complication of Tinea Pedis?

<p>Secondary bacterial infection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is characterized by the formation of chains of arthroconidia?

<p>Dermatophytosis of the glabrous skin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of dermatophytosis affects the groin area?

<p>Tinea Cruris (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of Tinea Unguium?

<p>Yellow, brittle, thickened, and crumbly nails (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical site of infection for Tinea Pedis?

<p>Feet (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following dermatophytosis affects the nails?

<p>Tinea Unguium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical site of infection for Tinea Corporis?

<p>Body (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following dermatophytosis affects the groin area?

<p>Tinea Cruris (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical site of infection for Tinea Manus?

<p>Hands (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of mycoses involves the outer layer of skin and the top layer of the hair and nails?

<p>Superficial Mycoses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which fungus infects skin and nails?

<p>Epidermophyton floccosum (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a fungal infection of the foot?

<p>Tinea Pedis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a fungal infection of the body?

<p>Tinea Corporis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary site of infection for dermatophytes in human body?

<p>Skin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a cutaneous mycoses?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a fungal infection of the nail?

<p>Tinea Unguium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Tinea Manus?

<p>Infection of the hand (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Tinea Cruris?

<p>Infection of the groin area (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a type of cutaneous mycoses that affects the feet?

<p>Tinea Pedis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mode of introduction of Cladophialophora carrionii into the skin?

<p>Through trauma (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the lesions of chromoblastomycosis?

<p>Verrucous and wart-like with extension along the draining lymphatics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the diagnostic test for chromoblastomycosis?

<p>Microscopic examination in KOH (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment of choice for small lesions of chromoblastomycosis?

<p>Surgical excision with wide margins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the geographic distribution of chromoblastomycosis?

<p>It occurs mainly in the tropics (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Tinea Capitis caused by Trichophyton tonsurans?

<p>Produces spores within the hair shaft (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of treatment for Tinea Capitis?

<p>To remove infected and dead epithelial structures and apply a topical antifungal drug (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for Tinea Corporis, Tinea Pedis, and related infections?

<p>Itraconazole and terbinafine, or topical preparations such as miconazole nitrate, tolnaftate, and clotrimazole (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Tinea Unguium?

<p>It is the most difficult to treat, often requiring months of oral itraconazole or terbinafine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended duration of treatment for Tinea Corporis, Tinea Pedis, and related infections?

<p>For 1-2 weeks after clearing of the lesions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Anthropophilic species in terms of infections?

<p>Relatively mild and chronic infections (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which species is globally distributed and causes human infections?

<p>Epidermophyton floccosum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical site of infection for Tinea Pedis?

<p>Feet (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Tinea Unguium?

<p>Affects the nails (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of dermatophytosis affects the groin area?

<p>Tinea Cruris (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical site of infection for Tinea Corporis?

<p>Trunk (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Geophilic and Zoophilic dermatophytes?

<p>Produce acute and inflammatory infections (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following species is most commonly associated with geophilic infections?

<p>Microsporum gypseum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Trichophyton species?

<p>Infect hair, skin, or nails (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical site of infection for Tinea Manus?

<p>Hands (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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