Microbiology Lecture: Systemic Mycoses
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Questions and Answers

What is the most prevalent pulmonary fungal infection in humans and animals?

  • Blastomycosis
  • Paracoccidioidomycosis
  • Histoplasmosis (correct)
  • Coccidioidomycosis

Where are the yeasts typically seen in tissue?

  • Outside macrophages
  • In the bloodstream
  • Within macrophages (correct)
  • In the liver

What type of fungus grows as a mold in culture, producing hyaline, and BRANCHING septate hyphae and conidia?

  • Paracoccidioides brasiliensis
  • Coccidioides immitis
  • Histoplasma capsulatum
  • Blastomyces dermatitidis (correct)

Which of the following is a characteristic of the fungus that causes systemic mycoses?

<p>It grows as a mold at 25°C and as a yeast at 37°C (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is another term for North American Blastomycosis?

<p>Blastomycosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary route of infection for systemic mycoses?

<p>Inhalation of conidia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of fungus has narrow base budding yeast cells with multiple budding 'STEERING WHEELS'?

<p>Paracoccidioides brasiliensis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of systemic mycoses?

<p>Aspergillosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of alveolar macrophages in systemic mycoses?

<p>Inactivating conidia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of a robust immune response in an immunocompetent host?

<p>Resolution of inflammatory lesions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of fungus is Blastomyces dermatitidis?

<p>Thermally dimorphic (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which regions of the US is the incidence of blastomycosis highest?

<p>Central and Eastern states (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary site of infection for blastomycosis?

<p>Lungs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the organism that causes blastomycosis?

<p>Blastomyces dermatitidis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of lesions are characteristic of blastomycosis?

<p>Granulomatous and suppurative (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary treatment for severe paracoccidioidomycosis?

<p>Amphotericin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which region are endemic mycoses commonly found?

<p>Rural areas of Latin America (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of paracoccidioidomycosis?

<p>It is more common in males (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for systemic coccidioidomycosis?

<p>Sex (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is another term for coccidioidomycosis?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of the arthroconidia of Coccidioides species?

<p>They are readily airborne and highly resistant to adverse environmental conditions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which regions are Coccidioides species typically endemic?

<p>Semi-arid regions of the Southwestern United States, Central America, and South America (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the usual outcome of coccidioidomycosis infection?

<p>It is usually self-limited (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the morphology of the colony produced by Coccidioides immitis?

<p>White to tan and cottony (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the fate of the arthroconidia after inhalation?

<p>They become spherical and enlarge, forming spherules that contain endospores (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary location where Paracoccidioides brasiliensis forms large, multiply budding yeast cells?

<p>Rich medium at 36°C (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the age range of most patients affected by Paracoccidioidomycosis?

<p>30-60 years (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the buds in Paracoccidioides brasiliensis yeast cells?

<p>Narrow base connection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Paracoccidioides brasiliensis initially enter the host?

<p>Through inhalation of spores (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis yeast cells in tissue?

<p>Large, multiply budding cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of lesions can occur on the skin in blastomycosis?

<p>Ulcerated verrucous granulomas (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common site of blastomycosis?

<p>Thyroid gland (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of culturing the specimen at 37°C in blastomycosis diagnosis?

<p>To convert to the yeast form (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment of choice for severe cases of blastomycosis?

<p>Amphotericin B (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the duration of itraconazole treatment for confined lesions of blastomycosis?

<p>6 months (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Can blastomycosis be transmitted from animals or humans?

<p>No, it is not transmissible (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main source of specimens for blastomycosis diagnosis?

<p>Sputum, pus, exudates, and urine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of yeast cells in blastomycosis diagnosis?

<p>Broadly attached buds on thick-walled yeast cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of serologic tests in blastomycosis diagnosis?

<p>Not as useful for diagnosis as other endemic mycoses (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between blastomycosis and immunosuppressed patients?

<p>Blastomycosis is less common in immunosuppressed patients (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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