Microbiology Lecture: Systemic Mycoses
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Questions and Answers

What is the most prevalent pulmonary fungal infection in humans and animals?

  • Blastomycosis
  • Paracoccidioidomycosis
  • Histoplasmosis (correct)
  • Coccidioidomycosis

    • Where are the yeasts typically seen in tissue?

  • Outside macrophages
  • In the bloodstream
  • Within macrophages (correct)
  • In the liver

    • What type of fungus grows as a mold in culture, producing hyaline, and BRANCHING septate hyphae and conidia?

  • Paracoccidioides brasiliensis
  • Coccidioides immitis
  • Histoplasma capsulatum
  • Blastomyces dermatitidis (correct)

    • Which of the following is a characteristic of the fungus that causes systemic mycoses?

    <p>It grows as a mold at 25°C and as a yeast at 37°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is another term for North American Blastomycosis?

    <p>Blastomycosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary route of infection for systemic mycoses?

    <p>Inhalation of conidia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of fungus has narrow base budding yeast cells with multiple budding 'STEERING WHEELS'?

    <p>Paracoccidioides brasiliensis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of systemic mycoses?

    <p>Aspergillosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of alveolar macrophages in systemic mycoses?

    <p>Inactivating conidia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of a robust immune response in an immunocompetent host?

    <p>Resolution of inflammatory lesions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of fungus is Blastomyces dermatitidis?

    <p>Thermally dimorphic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which regions of the US is the incidence of blastomycosis highest?

    <p>Central and Eastern states</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary site of infection for blastomycosis?

    <p>Lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the organism that causes blastomycosis?

    <p>Blastomyces dermatitidis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of lesions are characteristic of blastomycosis?

    <p>Granulomatous and suppurative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary treatment for severe paracoccidioidomycosis?

    <p>Amphotericin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which region are endemic mycoses commonly found?

    <p>Rural areas of Latin America</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of paracoccidioidomycosis?

    <p>It is more common in males</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for systemic coccidioidomycosis?

    <p>Sex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is another term for coccidioidomycosis?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of the arthroconidia of Coccidioides species?

    <p>They are readily airborne and highly resistant to adverse environmental conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which regions are Coccidioides species typically endemic?

    <p>Semi-arid regions of the Southwestern United States, Central America, and South America</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the usual outcome of coccidioidomycosis infection?

    <p>It is usually self-limited</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the morphology of the colony produced by Coccidioides immitis?

    <p>White to tan and cottony</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fate of the arthroconidia after inhalation?

    <p>They become spherical and enlarge, forming spherules that contain endospores</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary location where Paracoccidioides brasiliensis forms large, multiply budding yeast cells?

    <p>Rich medium at 36°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the age range of most patients affected by Paracoccidioidomycosis?

    <p>30-60 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the buds in Paracoccidioides brasiliensis yeast cells?

    <p>Narrow base connection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Paracoccidioides brasiliensis initially enter the host?

    <p>Through inhalation of spores</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis yeast cells in tissue?

    <p>Large, multiply budding cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of lesions can occur on the skin in blastomycosis?

    <p>Ulcerated verrucous granulomas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common site of blastomycosis?

    <p>Thyroid gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of culturing the specimen at 37°C in blastomycosis diagnosis?

    <p>To convert to the yeast form</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the treatment of choice for severe cases of blastomycosis?

    <p>Amphotericin B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the duration of itraconazole treatment for confined lesions of blastomycosis?

    <p>6 months</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Can blastomycosis be transmitted from animals or humans?

    <p>No, it is not transmissible</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main source of specimens for blastomycosis diagnosis?

    <p>Sputum, pus, exudates, and urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of yeast cells in blastomycosis diagnosis?

    <p>Broadly attached buds on thick-walled yeast cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of serologic tests in blastomycosis diagnosis?

    <p>Not as useful for diagnosis as other endemic mycoses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between blastomycosis and immunosuppressed patients?

    <p>Blastomycosis is less common in immunosuppressed patients</p> Signup and view all the answers

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