Microbiology Lecture 1

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What is the definition of microbiology?

The study of the human body

The study of plants and animals

The study of very minute or microscopic microorganisms (correct)

The study of very large organisms

What are the main branches of microbiology?

Bacteriology, Virology, Mycology, and Parasitology (correct)

Bacteriology, Virology, and Microbiology

Bacteriology, Virology, Mycology, and Microbiology

Bacteriology, Virology, and Parasitology

Who is considered the father of microbiology?

Antony Van Leeuwenhoek (correct)

Robert Hooke

Dr. Samar Mabrouk

A Dutch textile scientist

What was Antony Van Leeuwenhoek's occupation?

A Dutch textile merchant (B) Signup and view all the answers

What was the magnification of Van Leeuwenhoek's microscope?

300x (D) Signup and view all the answers

What did Van Leeuwenhoek call the microorganisms he observed?

Animalcules (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is unique about the cell wall of fungi?

It is made of chitin (A) Signup and view all the answers

How do bacteria reproduce?

By binary fission (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of extreme halophiles?

They can survive in high salt concentrations (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of aerial hyphae in mold?

To reproduce by means of spores (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of protozoa?

They are eukaryotic (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the mode of nutrition in fungi?

Absorption of organic materials (D) Signup and view all the answers

Who is considered the Father of Microbiology?

Louis Pasteur (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of converting sugars into alcohol anaerobically?

Fermentation (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which microorganism causes anthrax?

Bacillus anthracis (B) Signup and view all the answers

Who introduced the use of disinfectants in surgical rooms?

Joseph Lister (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the method of staining introduced by Christian Gram?

Gram Staining (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the microorganisms that can cause disease?

Germs (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the science of dealing with nomenclature, classification, and identification of microbes?

Taxonomy (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the system of naming microorganisms devised by Carl Linnaeus?

Binomial nomenclature (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the genus name in binomial nomenclature?

It is always capitalized (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe microorganisms that live in extreme environmental conditions?

Extremophiles (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the cell wall of Archaea?

It never has peptidoglycan (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of energy for algae?

Light (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main component of the cell wall of algae?

Cellulose (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of viruses in the environment?

To infect and replicate in host cells (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of microorganism that infects bacteria?

Phage (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the basis of the two-kingdom classification system introduced by Carl Linnaeus?

Nutrition and mobility (A) Signup and view all the answers

What are the two top-level groupings of the two-empire system or super domain system?

Prokaryota and Eukaryota (B) Signup and view all the answers