72 Questions
What is the primary function of decomposers in ecosystems?
To break down dead plant and animal matter and return essential nutrients to the soil
What is the term for the process that converts sugar to acids, gases, or alcohol in the absence of oxygen?
Fermentation
What is the role of Rhizobia bacteria in legumes?
To convert atmospheric nitrogen into nitrogen compounds that plants can use
What is the term for a substance used to kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria?
Antibiotic
What is the mutualistic relationship between legumes and certain bacteria?
The plants provide glucose to the bacteria, and the bacteria provide nitrogen compounds
What is the role of beneficial gut bacteria in the human body?
To aid in digestion and nutrient absorption
What is the essential element that is often fixed by certain bacteria into a usable form?
Nitrogen
What is the term for plants that have a symbiotic relationship with nitrogen-fixing bacteria in their root nodules?
Legumes
What is the primary purpose of microorganisms in yogurt and cheese production?
To convert milk sugars into lactic acid
What is the primary role of yeast in bread making?
To convert sugars into carbon dioxide and alcohol
What is the optimal condition for fermentation?
The right temperature, pH, and sugar concentration
What is the primary application of microorganisms in sewage treatment?
To break down organic matter
What is the name of the antibiotic discovered by Alexander Fleming?
Penicillin
What is the primary application of microorganisms in biotechnology?
All of the above
Why are microorganisms essential in scientific research?
Because they are simple and similar to human cells
What is the term for the process by which microorganisms break down pollutants into less harmful substances?
Bioremediation
What is the primary role of microorganisms in the production of alcoholic beverages?
To convert sugars into alcohol
What is the term for the metabolic process that produces energy under anaerobic conditions?
Fermentation
What is the primary function of microorganisms in food processing?
To convert sugars into acids, gases, or alcohol
Which of the following is NOT a medical application of microorganisms?
Production of biofuels
What is the primary role of microorganisms in environmental sustainability?
To break down pollutants into less harmful substances
What is the primary application of microorganisms in biotechnology?
Production of biofuels
Who discovered penicillin by chance?
Alexander Fleming
What is the primary role of microorganisms in sewage treatment?
To break down organic matter
What is the primary application of microorganisms in genetic engineering?
Production of insulin
What is the primary role of microorganisms in bread making?
To convert sugars into acids, gases, or alcohol
What is the primary application of microorganisms in bioremediation?
To break down oil spills
What is the primary role of microorganisms in yogurt and cheese production?
To convert sugars into acids, gases, or alcohol
What is the main benefit of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in ecosystems?
They convert atmospheric nitrogen into a form that plants can use.
Which of the following is an example of a mutualistic relationship?
A plant providing glucose to nitrogen-fixing bacteria.
What is the primary role of beneficial gut bacteria in the human body?
To aid in digestion and nutrient absorption.
What is the result of the process of decomposition in ecosystems?
The release of essential nutrients back into the soil.
What is the term for the conversion of sugar to acids, gases, or alcohol in the absence of oxygen?
Fermentation
Which of the following organisms is an example of a decomposer?
Fungi
What is the primary benefit of legumes in ecosystems?
They convert atmospheric nitrogen into a form that plants can use.
What is the term for the process by which microorganisms break down pollutants into less harmful substances?
Bioremediation
What is the primary role of decomposers in maintaining ecosystem balance?
To break down dead organic matter and recycle nutrients
Which of the following is an essential element often fixed by certain bacteria into a usable form?
Nitrogen
What is the primary benefit of the symbiotic relationship between legumes and nitrogen-fixing bacteria?
Improved soil fertility and agricultural productivity
What is the role of beneficial gut bacteria in the human body?
To aid in digestion and nutrient absorption
What is the term for the process by which microorganisms convert sugar to acids, gases, or alcohol in the absence of oxygen?
Fermentation
What is the primary function of microorganisms in ecosystems?
To contribute to nutrient cycling, food production, medicine, and environmental sustainability
What is the primary benefit of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in legumes?
Improved soil fertility and agricultural productivity
What is the primary role of microorganisms in human health?
To aid in digestion and nutrient absorption
What is the main purpose of yeast in the fermentation of bread?
To convert sugars into carbon dioxide and alcohol
Which of the following is NOT an environmental application of microorganisms?
Food processing
What is the primary role of microorganisms in biotechnology?
To harness innovative applications
What is the primary role of microorganisms in medical applications?
To develop vaccines and antibiotics
Who discovered penicillin by chance?
Alexander Fleming
What is the primary role of microorganisms in fermentation?
To convert sugars into acids, gases, or alcohol
What is the primary application of microorganisms in food processing?
To ferment and preserve food
What is the primary role of microorganisms in environmental sustainability?
To break down pollutants
What is the primary benefit of microorganisms in bioremediation?
To break down pollutants into less harmful substances
What is the primary role of yeast in brewing beer and wine?
To ferment sugars to produce alcohol and carbon dioxide
What is the primary benefit of using microorganisms in food processing?
To enhance the flavor and texture of food products
Which of the following is NOT an application of microorganisms in industry?
Plastic production
What is the primary role of yeast in the fermentation process?
To produce carbon dioxide and alcohol
What is the term for the process of breaking down pollutants into less harmful substances?
Bioremediation
Which of the following microorganisms is used in the production of insulin and human growth hormones?
Bacteria
What is the primary role of microorganisms in sewage treatment?
To break down organic matter and reduce pollution
What is the primary role of microorganisms in maintaining ecosystem balance?
Decomposing organic matter and recycling nutrients
What is the benefit of the symbiotic relationship between legumes and nitrogen-fixing bacteria?
Improved soil fertility and agricultural productivity
Who discovered penicillin by chance in 1928?
Alexander Fleming
What is the primary function of beneficial gut bacteria in the human body?
Aiding in digestion and nutrient absorption
What is the primary application of microorganisms in medical research?
All of the above
What is the result of the process of decomposition in ecosystems?
Increased nutrient availability for primary producers
What is the optimal condition for fermentation?
Right temperature, pH, and sugar concentration
Which of the following is an example of a mutualistic relationship?
Legumes and nitrogen-fixing bacteria
What is the primary role of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in ecosystems?
Converting atmospheric nitrogen into a usable form for plants
What is the benefit of microorganisms in food production?
Enhanced fermentation of sugars for food preservation
What is the primary role of microorganisms in environmental sustainability?
Breaking down pollutants into less harmful substances
What is the primary benefit of the mutualistic relationship between microorganisms and legumes?
Improved soil fertility and agricultural productivity
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