Gr 8 Natural Sciences Ch 1.3: Useful microorganisms
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of decomposers in ecosystems?

  • To produce antibiotics that inhibit the growth of bacteria
  • To break down dead plant and animal matter and return essential nutrients to the soil (correct)
  • To aid in the digestion and nutrient absorption in the human gut
  • To convert nitrogen from the air into a form that plants can use

    • What is the term for the process that converts sugar to acids, gases, or alcohol in the absence of oxygen?

  • Nitrogen fixation
  • Decomposition
  • Antibiotic production
  • Fermentation (correct)

    • What is the role of Rhizobia bacteria in legumes?

  • To convert atmospheric nitrogen into nitrogen compounds that plants can use (correct)
  • To produce antibiotics that inhibit the growth of bacteria
  • To aid in the digestion and nutrient absorption in the human gut
  • To break down dead plant and animal matter

    • What is the term for a substance used to kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria?

    <p>Antibiotic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mutualistic relationship between legumes and certain bacteria?

    <p>The plants provide glucose to the bacteria, and the bacteria provide nitrogen compounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of beneficial gut bacteria in the human body?

    <p>To aid in digestion and nutrient absorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the essential element that is often fixed by certain bacteria into a usable form?

    <p>Nitrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for plants that have a symbiotic relationship with nitrogen-fixing bacteria in their root nodules?

    <p>Legumes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of microorganisms in yogurt and cheese production?

    <p>To convert milk sugars into lactic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of yeast in bread making?

    <p>To convert sugars into carbon dioxide and alcohol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the optimal condition for fermentation?

    <p>The right temperature, pH, and sugar concentration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary application of microorganisms in sewage treatment?

    <p>To break down organic matter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the antibiotic discovered by Alexander Fleming?

    <p>Penicillin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary application of microorganisms in biotechnology?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are microorganisms essential in scientific research?

    <p>Because they are simple and similar to human cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process by which microorganisms break down pollutants into less harmful substances?

    <p>Bioremediation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of microorganisms in the production of alcoholic beverages?

    <p>To convert sugars into alcohol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the metabolic process that produces energy under anaerobic conditions?

    <p>Fermentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of microorganisms in food processing?

    <p>To convert sugars into acids, gases, or alcohol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a medical application of microorganisms?

    <p>Production of biofuels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of microorganisms in environmental sustainability?

    <p>To break down pollutants into less harmful substances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary application of microorganisms in biotechnology?

    <p>Production of biofuels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who discovered penicillin by chance?

    <p>Alexander Fleming</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of microorganisms in sewage treatment?

    <p>To break down organic matter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary application of microorganisms in genetic engineering?

    <p>Production of insulin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of microorganisms in bread making?

    <p>To convert sugars into acids, gases, or alcohol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary application of microorganisms in bioremediation?

    <p>To break down oil spills</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of microorganisms in yogurt and cheese production?

    <p>To convert sugars into acids, gases, or alcohol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main benefit of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in ecosystems?

    <p>They convert atmospheric nitrogen into a form that plants can use.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a mutualistic relationship?

    <p>A plant providing glucose to nitrogen-fixing bacteria.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of beneficial gut bacteria in the human body?

    <p>To aid in digestion and nutrient absorption.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the process of decomposition in ecosystems?

    <p>The release of essential nutrients back into the soil.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the conversion of sugar to acids, gases, or alcohol in the absence of oxygen?

    <p>Fermentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following organisms is an example of a decomposer?

    <p>Fungi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of legumes in ecosystems?

    <p>They convert atmospheric nitrogen into a form that plants can use.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process by which microorganisms break down pollutants into less harmful substances?

    <p>Bioremediation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of decomposers in maintaining ecosystem balance?

    <p>To break down dead organic matter and recycle nutrients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an essential element often fixed by certain bacteria into a usable form?

    <p>Nitrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of the symbiotic relationship between legumes and nitrogen-fixing bacteria?

    <p>Improved soil fertility and agricultural productivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of beneficial gut bacteria in the human body?

    <p>To aid in digestion and nutrient absorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process by which microorganisms convert sugar to acids, gases, or alcohol in the absence of oxygen?

    <p>Fermentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of microorganisms in ecosystems?

    <p>To contribute to nutrient cycling, food production, medicine, and environmental sustainability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in legumes?

    <p>Improved soil fertility and agricultural productivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of microorganisms in human health?

    <p>To aid in digestion and nutrient absorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of yeast in the fermentation of bread?

    <p>To convert sugars into carbon dioxide and alcohol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an environmental application of microorganisms?

    <p>Food processing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of microorganisms in biotechnology?

    <p>To harness innovative applications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of microorganisms in medical applications?

    <p>To develop vaccines and antibiotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who discovered penicillin by chance?

    <p>Alexander Fleming</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of microorganisms in fermentation?

    <p>To convert sugars into acids, gases, or alcohol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary application of microorganisms in food processing?

    <p>To ferment and preserve food</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of microorganisms in environmental sustainability?

    <p>To break down pollutants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of microorganisms in bioremediation?

    <p>To break down pollutants into less harmful substances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of yeast in brewing beer and wine?

    <p>To ferment sugars to produce alcohol and carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of using microorganisms in food processing?

    <p>To enhance the flavor and texture of food products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an application of microorganisms in industry?

    <p>Plastic production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of yeast in the fermentation process?

    <p>To produce carbon dioxide and alcohol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of breaking down pollutants into less harmful substances?

    <p>Bioremediation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following microorganisms is used in the production of insulin and human growth hormones?

    <p>Bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of microorganisms in sewage treatment?

    <p>To break down organic matter and reduce pollution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of microorganisms in maintaining ecosystem balance?

    <p>Decomposing organic matter and recycling nutrients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of the symbiotic relationship between legumes and nitrogen-fixing bacteria?

    <p>Improved soil fertility and agricultural productivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who discovered penicillin by chance in 1928?

    <p>Alexander Fleming</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of beneficial gut bacteria in the human body?

    <p>Aiding in digestion and nutrient absorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary application of microorganisms in medical research?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the process of decomposition in ecosystems?

    <p>Increased nutrient availability for primary producers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the optimal condition for fermentation?

    <p>Right temperature, pH, and sugar concentration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a mutualistic relationship?

    <p>Legumes and nitrogen-fixing bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in ecosystems?

    <p>Converting atmospheric nitrogen into a usable form for plants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of microorganisms in food production?

    <p>Enhanced fermentation of sugars for food preservation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of microorganisms in environmental sustainability?

    <p>Breaking down pollutants into less harmful substances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of the mutualistic relationship between microorganisms and legumes?

    <p>Improved soil fertility and agricultural productivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

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