Microbiology: Disinfection & Sterilization Lecture 2
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Questions and Answers

What is the main objective of disinfection?

  • Killing most microorganisms, mainly the pathogenic ones (correct)
  • Killing all microorganisms, including bacterial spores
  • Killing microorganisms on the surface of skin and mucous membrane
  • Removing all microorganisms, including bacterial spores

What is the term for chemicals used to kill microorganisms on the surface of skin and mucous membrane?

  • Microbicides
  • Disinfectants
  • Antiseptics (correct)
  • Sterilizers

Which method is commonly used to sterilize surgical instruments that can be damaged by moist heat?

  • Filtration
  • Autoclaving
  • Radiation
  • Exposure to ethyl oxide gas (correct)

What is the term for the process of killing or removing all microorganisms, including bacterial spores?

<p>Sterilization (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the temperature used for autoclaving in sterilization?

<p>121ºC (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of filtration in sterilization?

<p>To sterilize most intravenous solutions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which microorganisms are eliminated in the dry heat sterilization process?

<p>Oxidation by carbonization (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical temperature range used in modern dry heat sterilization?

<p>176°C to 232°C (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the temperature range for hot air oven sterilization?

<p>160-180ºС (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of sterilization uses hot air with minimal or no moisture?

<p>Dry heat sterilization (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of incineration in sterilization?

<p>To destroy pathological materials (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical temperature range for autoclaving?

<p>121-134°C (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using a Bunsen burner in sterilization?

<p>To heat metal instruments for sterilization (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a method of dry heat sterilization?

<p>Moist heat sterilization (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum time required for boiling to be effective against bacteria and viruses?

<p>30 minutes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of instruments are typically sterilized using direct flame sterilization?

<p>Platinum wire loops, forceps, and scissors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the principle behind filtration sterilization?

<p>Filters hold back bacteria (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of items can be sterilized using autoclaving?

<p>Surgical instruments and laboratory equipment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the method used for sterilization of fluids that cannot withstand heat?

<p>Radiation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using silver nitrate in eye drops for newborn infants?

<p>To prevent infections by Neisseria gonorrhea (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of ultra-violet rays on DNA in microorganisms?

<p>It induces thymine dimmer in DNA (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the use of mercuric salt, such as Methiolate?

<p>As a preservation for sera, bacterial and viral vaccines (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using ethyl alcohol and isopropyl alcohol?

<p>As an antiseptic to sterilize thermometers and skin before injection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the use of phenols?

<p>To sterilize surgical instruments and hospital floors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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