Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the indicating factor of a lag phase in the growth curve of bacteria?
What is the indicating factor of a lag phase in the growth curve of bacteria?
- No increase in cell numbers (correct)
- Rapid division of cells
- Stable population levels
- Cell death exceeds division
Which physiological property distinguishes facultative anaerobes from obligate anaerobes?
Which physiological property distinguishes facultative anaerobes from obligate anaerobes?
- Growth only in high pH environments
- Ability to grow in the absence of oxygen
- Ability to utilize oxygen for respiration (correct)
- Preference for high osmotic pressure
What characterizes the method of autoclaving in microbial control?
What characterizes the method of autoclaving in microbial control?
- Refrigeration at low temperatures
- Use of chemical agents to disinfect
- Application of high heat and pressure (correct)
- Exposure to UV radiation
Which of the following statements is true regarding chemical means of control?
Which of the following statements is true regarding chemical means of control?
What is a key benefit of using selective toxicity in antimicrobial drugs?
What is a key benefit of using selective toxicity in antimicrobial drugs?
In the context of biofilm formation, what role do extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) play?
In the context of biofilm formation, what role do extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) play?
Which bacterial growth media is designed to differentiate species based on their metabolic capabilities?
Which bacterial growth media is designed to differentiate species based on their metabolic capabilities?
Which historical figure is known for the discovery of penicillin?
Which historical figure is known for the discovery of penicillin?
What is the primary purpose of using a chemostat in microbial growth?
What is the primary purpose of using a chemostat in microbial growth?
Which of the following describes the term 'generation time' in microbiology?
Which of the following describes the term 'generation time' in microbiology?
What environmental factor would most likely influence the growth of halophiles?
What environmental factor would most likely influence the growth of halophiles?
Which of the following methods is used to measure the viability of a microbial population?
Which of the following methods is used to measure the viability of a microbial population?
What distinguishes the concept of selective toxicity in antimicrobial drugs?
What distinguishes the concept of selective toxicity in antimicrobial drugs?
In terms of bacterial media, what is the role of differential media?
In terms of bacterial media, what is the role of differential media?
Which of the following is considered a physical method of controlling microbial growth?
Which of the following is considered a physical method of controlling microbial growth?
Which method best describes the action of antibiotics derived from fungi, such as penicillin?
Which method best describes the action of antibiotics derived from fungi, such as penicillin?
Flashcards
Binary Fission
Binary Fission
A type of asexual reproduction in bacteria where a single cell divides into two identical daughter cells.
Generation Time
Generation Time
The time it takes for a bacterial population to double.
Bacterial Growth Curve
Bacterial Growth Curve
A graph showing the changes in a bacterial population over time, characterized by lag, log, stationary, and death phases.
Sterilization
Sterilization
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Antimicrobial Drug
Antimicrobial Drug
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Selective Toxicity
Selective Toxicity
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Microbial Death Curve
Microbial Death Curve
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Chemostat
Chemostat
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Z ring assembly
Z ring assembly
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Lag Phase
Lag Phase
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Log Phase
Log Phase
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Stationary Phase
Stationary Phase
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Death Phase
Death Phase
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Biofilm formation steps
Biofilm formation steps
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Quorum Sensing
Quorum Sensing
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Study Notes
Chapter 9 Review
- Bacterial Growth: Binary fission steps, Z ring assembly, Generation Time, calculating population time (general, don't need a calculator).
- Growth Curve: Lag phase, Log phase, Stationary phase, Death phase. Sustainable growth and chemostats.
- Growth Measurement: Microscopic, fluorescent, Coulter, viable, OD, membrane filtration, MPN.
- CFU Counting: Pour plate, spread plate technique, count ranges. How these methods are performed, when used, and limitations.
Chapter 13 Review
- Sterilization vs Disinfection vs Antisepsis: Degerming vs. Sanitation. Examples.
- BSL Levels: BSL 1-4, requirements, examples. Clinical setting, critical, semi-critical and non-critical items, and their needs. -cidal vs. -static
- Microbial Death Curve: DRT (death rate).
- Physical Control Methods: Heat (dry vs moist, autoclave, pasteurization), refrigeration, freezing, desiccation (lyophilization), water activity, pressure, radiation (ionizing vs nonionizing), filtration (membrane, HEPA), sonication.
- Chemical Control Methods: Phenolics, heavy metals, halogens, alcohols, surfactants, bisbiguanides, alkylating agents, peroxygens, supercritical fluid. Food, cosmetic, and pharma preservatives.
- Disinfectant/Preservative Testing: Phenol coefficient, disk diffusion, use-dilution, in-use test.
Chapter 14 Review
- Brief History of Antimicrobials: Ehrlich, Klarer, Mietzch, Domagk, Fleming, Hodgkin, Waksman.
- Antimicrobial Drugs: Drug class, individual drugs, MOA (mechanism of action), targeted pathogens, broad vs narrow-spectrum, common uses, challenges, adverse side effects.
- Antimicrobial Classes: Inhibition of bacterial cell wall, protein, membrane, metabolic pathway, nucleic acid, ATP synth, antifungals, antiprotozoans, antihelminthic, antivirals (ART inhibitors).
- Antibiotic Resistance: How resistance develops, mechanisms of resistance, examples, special resistance, MDRs.
- ESKAPE Pathogens: VRE, VRSA, VISA, MRSA, ESBLs, CRE, MDR-TB, XDR-TB.
- Testing for Efficacy: Kirby-Bauer, dilution tests (MIC, MBC, Etest).
- Current Antibiotic Discovery: Options, techniques.
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Description
Evaluate your understanding of bacterial growth, growth curves, and measurement techniques in Chapter 9. In Chapter 13, explore key concepts in sterilization, microbial control methods, and safety levels in clinical settings. This comprehensive review will enhance your grasp of microbiological principles and practices.
