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Questions and Answers
What is the most common cause of urinary tract infections?
What is the most common cause of urinary tract infections?
Which of the following bacteria is the causative agent of erysipelas?
Which of the following bacteria is the causative agent of erysipelas?
Which of the following viruses can cause hemorrhagic cystitis in immunocompromised patients?
Which of the following viruses can cause hemorrhagic cystitis in immunocompromised patients?
Which of the following is NOT true about sexually transmitted infections?
Which of the following is NOT true about sexually transmitted infections?
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What is the most common causative agent of bacterial meningitis?
What is the most common causative agent of bacterial meningitis?
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Which of the following infections is typical for the lower respiratory tract?
Which of the following infections is typical for the lower respiratory tract?
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Which of the following especially dangerous infections does not damage the respiratory tract?
Which of the following especially dangerous infections does not damage the respiratory tract?
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What is the typical mode of transmission of nosocomial infections?
What is the typical mode of transmission of nosocomial infections?
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What is the most common cause of cystitis in healthy sexually active women after Escherichia coli?
What is the most common cause of cystitis in healthy sexually active women after Escherichia coli?
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Which of the following bacteria causes high volume watery diarrhea?
Which of the following bacteria causes high volume watery diarrhea?
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What is the specific toxin produced by ETEC?
What is the specific toxin produced by ETEC?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of Rickettsiae?
Which of the following is a characteristic of Rickettsiae?
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What is the most important virulence factor of Neisseria meningitidis?
What is the most important virulence factor of Neisseria meningitidis?
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What is true about bacterial spores EXCEPT?
What is true about bacterial spores EXCEPT?
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Which of the following is NOT used to treat generalized meningococcal infection?
Which of the following is NOT used to treat generalized meningococcal infection?
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Which of the following bacteria is a possible cause of diarrhea of several weeks' duration?
Which of the following bacteria is a possible cause of diarrhea of several weeks' duration?
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Which of the following bacteria is gram-negative and rod-shaped?
Which of the following bacteria is gram-negative and rod-shaped?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of Listeria monocytogenes?
Which of the following is a characteristic of Listeria monocytogenes?
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Which of the following diseases can be associated with Streptococcus pneumoniae?
Which of the following diseases can be associated with Streptococcus pneumoniae?
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Which of the following microorganisms has a capsule that is a pathogenicity factor?
Which of the following microorganisms has a capsule that is a pathogenicity factor?
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Which of the following antibiotics is useless in the treatment of anaerobic infections?
Which of the following antibiotics is useless in the treatment of anaerobic infections?
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Which of the following is the best clinical specimen for Bordetella pertussis isolation?
Which of the following is the best clinical specimen for Bordetella pertussis isolation?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of group B streptococci?
Which of the following is a characteristic of group B streptococci?
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Which of the following is the most common causative agent of a disease characterized by a small ulcer on the penis and enlarged local inguinal lymph nodes?
Which of the following is the most common causative agent of a disease characterized by a small ulcer on the penis and enlarged local inguinal lymph nodes?
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Study Notes
Urinary Tract Infections
- The most common cause of urinary tract infections is bacteria.
- E. coli is the most typical pathogen.
Sepsis
- Sepsis is characterized by bacteremia, accompanied by chemical and laboratory data for systematic information.
Erysipelas
- Erysipelas is a bacterial infection characterized by well-defined areas of bright-red, inflamed and rough or leathery skin.
- The causative agent is Streptococcus pyogenes.
Nosocomial Infections
- Factors for transmission of nosocomial infections include medical dressings, breast milk, and toys.
Respiratory Tract Infections
- Respiratory tract infections can be caused by Francisella tularensis, Bordetella pertussis, and Coxiella burnetii.
- Haemophilus influenzae can cause pharyngitis, and Diphtherial croup is a type of respiratory tract infection.
Bacterial Meningitis
- The most common causative agents of bacterial meningitis are E. coli K1, Streptococcus group B (S. agalactiae), and Listeria monocytogenes.
Resident Microflora
- Resident microflora is found in the urethra and lung.
Diarrhea
- Comma-shaped rod, Campylobacter jejuni, can cause high volume watery diarrhea.
- Vibrio cholerae is another causative agent of diarrhea.
Cystitis
- The most common cause of cystitis (after E. coli) in healthy sexually active women is Staphylococcus saprophyticus.
HSV1
- HSV1 exists in the form of episomes in neurons during latency.
GIT Infections
- The pathogenesis of Shigella infection consists mainly of invasion and intraepithelial multiplication without generalization of the infectious process.
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis
- Lowenstein-Jensen is the growth media used to cultivate Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Rickettsiae
- Rickettsiae do not form spores, capsules, and flagella.
ETEC
- The toxin specific for ETEC is LT enterotoxin.
Neisseria Meningitidis
- The most important virulence factor of Neisseria meningitidis is the polysaccharide capsule.
Bacterial Spores
- Bacterial spores can deform the cell or not, and are formed in 6-8 hours.
Generalized Meningococcal Infection
- Generalized meningococcal infection is usually treated with antibiotic drugs except Nystatin.
Diarrhea
- Yersinia enterocolitica can cause diarrhea of several weeks' duration.
Listeria Monocytogenes
- Listeria monocytogenes can reproduce at 4°C.
Klebsiella Pneumoniae
- Severe, often ending in fatal pneumonias, is caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae.
Streptococcus Pneumoniae
- Streptococcus pneumoniae can cause meningitis, pneumonia, and otitis media.
Bordetella Pertussis
- The best clinical specimen for Bordetella pertussis isolation is nasopharyngeal secretion.
Francisella Tularensis
- Francisella tularensis is an obligate aerobe.
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae
- Clinical forms of infections with Mycoplasma pneumoniae include all of them.
Food Intoxications
- Food intoxications are caused by some strains of Staphylococcus aureus.
Sexually Transmitted Infections
- The most common causative agent of this disease is Treponema pallidum.
Fungi
- All of the listed structures are present in fungi.
Acute Glomerulonephritis
- Acute glomerulonephritis is a complication after infection caused by Streptococcus pyogenes.
Anaerobic Infections
- Aminoglycosides are useless in the treatment of anaerobic infections.
Leptospirosis
- Leptospirosis often occurs as a result of contact with water or moist soil contaminated with L. interrogans from the urine of wild animals.
Gram-Positive Bacteria
- The cell wall in Gram-positive bacteria contains all listed structures.
Sterilization
- Sterilization destroys all bacteria.
Antibiotics
- Penicillins cannot be used in the treatment of Mycoplasma infections.
Nucleic Acids
- The building blocks of nucleic acids are nucleotides.
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Description
Test your knowledge of microbiology and infectious diseases, including causes of urinary tract infections, sepsis, and bacterial infections like Erysipelas.
