28 Questions
Which of the following is a potential pathogen found in the mouth microbiota?
Neisseria spp
What is the most common cause of acute diarrheal illness worldwide?
Viral etiology
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of acute diarrheal illness?
$ ext{Watery stools for more than 14 days}$
What is the predominant cause of severe diarrhea requiring treatment?
Bacterial etiology
Which microorganism is NOT listed as a potential pathogen in the mouth microbiota?
$ ext{Lactobacillus}$
$ ext{E.coli, Salmonella, Shigella, and Yersinia enterocolitica}$ are able to cause diseases in which part of the body?
$ ext{Intestinal tract}$
What is the predominant cause of infectious diarrhea in developed countries?
Viral etiology
Which microorganism can enter the blood from the oral cavity and infect damaged heart valves?
Viridans streptococci
Which part of the body has limited microbiota due to hydrochloric acid (HCL) and peptic enzymes?
Stomach
Which microorganism is listed as a potential pathogen in the nasopharynx microbiota?
S.pneumoniae
Which microorganism is NOT found in the stomach microbiota?
Lactobacillus
What is the main role of the microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT)?
Inhibit competing intruders and benefit the host
Where are normal flora commonly found in the GIT?
Colon, small intestine, and stomach
What is the approximate number of bacteria per gram of stool in the GIT?
$10^{10}$ org/g stool
Which bacteria constitute over 90% of the normal flora in the GIT?
Bacteroides (anaerobic)
What is the main characteristic of microbiota in normal healthy individuals?
They have a symbiotic relationship that benefits the host
In which individuals can microbiota cause disease?
Immunocompromised patients
What body sites do microbiota frequently inhabit in normal healthy individuals?
Skin, oral cavity, and respiratory tract
Which microorganism is NOT found in the stomach microbiota?
Bacteroides
What is the approximate number of bacteria per gram of stool in the GIT?
$10^{10}$ org/g stool, >90% are Bacteroides (anaerobic)
What is the predominant cause of infectious diarrhea in developed countries?
Bacterial pathogens
Where are normal flora commonly found in the GIT?
Colon and small intestine
$E.coli$, Salmonella, Shigella, and $Yersinia$ $enterocolitica$ are able to cause diseases in which part of the body?
Colon
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of acute diarrheal illness?
Gradual onset
$70-80%$ of infectious diarrhea in developed countries is caused by:
$E.coli$
$Acute$ $diarrheal$ $illness$ is characterized by:
$Altered$ normal bowel movement
$\text{E.coli, Salmonella, Shigella, and Yersinia enterocolitica}$ are able to cause diseases in which part of the body?
Gastrointestinal tract
$\text{Campylobacter, Yersinia, and Clostridium difficile}$ are known pathogens that cause which condition?
$\text{Infectious diarrhea}$
Test your knowledge on the common microbiota of the GIT, their role in diseases, epidemiology, risk factors, and host defenses in preventing GI infections, as well as various types of acute diarrheal illnesses, pathogens, clinical presentation, pathogenic mechanisms, and prevention.
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