Microbiology and Infection Control
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Questions and Answers

What is the role of MDRT's in relation to microorganisms?

  • To follow cleaning, disinfection, and sterilization practices to eliminate pathogenic organisms (correct)
  • To investigate the evolutionary history of microorganisms
  • To develop new antibiotics for pharmaceutical use
  • To study the growth and metabolism of microorganisms

    • What is the primary focus of medical microbiology?

  • The genetic regulation of microbial metabolism
  • The use of microbes in food production
  • The role of microbes in environmental ecosystems
  • The role of microbes in human illness (correct)

    • What is the term for the study of airborne microbes?

  • Aeromicrobiology (correct)
  • Veterinary microbiology
  • Environmental microbiology
  • Industrial microbiology

    • What is the term for microorganisms that invade other organisms and cause disease?

    <p>Pathogenic microorganisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of pharmaceutical microbiology?

    <p>The type and number of microbes causing pharmaceutical contamination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a historical infectious disease?

    <p>Bubonic Plague</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of the Black Death?

    <p>Yersinia pestis bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the approximate number of deaths caused by the Black Death between 1346-1350?

    <p>50 million</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following diseases was eradicated in 1979/80?

    <p>Smallpox</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary symptom of Smallpox?

    <p>Disfigurement and blindness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mode of transmission of HIV?

    <p>Blood and bodily fluids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of HIV on the immune system?

    <p>Low level of properly functioning immune cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the average life expectancy during the Medieval Europe period?

    <p>30 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the current status of HIV/AIDS treatment?

    <p>Treatments exist that can prolong symptom-free living</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average human lifespan today in Canada?

    <p>81 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is credited with discoveries related to microbes and disease?

    <p>Pasteur</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the proportion of beneficial bacteria?

    <p>99%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate number of microorganisms found in a square inch of skin?

    <p>half a million</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the process of making cheese?

    <p>Fermenting lactose into lactic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe bacteria that can withstand antibiotics?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for antibiotic resistance?

    <p>Over-treatment of humans with antibiotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a nasal spray in the context of microbiology?

    <p>To immunize against the flu</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of MDRD?

    <p>To reduce the risk of infectious disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the department where medical devices are reprocessed?

    <p>Sterile Processing Department (SPD)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary responsibility of a MDR Technician?

    <p>To reprocess medical devices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the study of microorganisms?

    <p>Microbiology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mode of transmission of pathogens?

    <p>Direct contact</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the chain of events that leads to the spread of infection?

    <p>Chain of infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the practice of reducing the risk of infection?

    <p>Infection control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the personal protective equipment worn by MDR staff?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should MDR staff perform hand hygiene?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the department where medical devices are sterilized?

    <p>Central Sterile Department (CSD)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    MDRD and Microbiology

    • MDRD stands for Medical Device Reprocessing and Deals with the sterilization and disinfection of medical devices
    • Microbiology is the study of microscopic organisms, including bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms
    • Medical Device Reprocessing Technicians (MDRTs) are responsible for following all cleaning, disinfection, and sterilization practices to eliminate pathogenic organisms

    Germ Theory of Disease

    • The germ theory of disease states that many diseases are caused by the presence of microorganisms
    • Microorganisms can be found on medical devices and can cause infections if not properly sterilized and disinfected

    Chain of Infection

    • The chain of infection includes:
      • Infectious agent (e.g. bacteria, virus)
      • Reservoir (e.g. contaminated medical device)
      • Portal of exit (e.g. contaminated device is used on a patient)
      • Mode of transmission (e.g. direct contact, airborne)
      • Portal of entry (e.g. patient's open wound)
      • Susceptible host (e.g. patient with compromised immune system)

    Microbiology Basics

    • Microbiology is the study of microscopic organisms, including bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms
    • Microorganisms can be beneficial (e.g. bacteria in the gut) or harmful (e.g. bacteria that cause disease)
    • Microbiology is important for MDRTs because they need to understand how to eliminate pathogenic organisms from medical devices

    Types of Microbiology

    • Microbial physiology: study of cell growth, metabolism, and cell structure
    • Microbial genetics: study of how genes are organized and regulated in microbes
    • Medical microbiology: study of the role of microbes in human illness
    • Veterinary microbiology: study of the role of microbes in veterinary medicine
    • Environmental microbiology: study of the function and diversity of microbes in the environment

    Impact of Infectious Disease

    • Historical examples of infectious diseases include:
      • The Black Death (bubonic plague)
      • Smallpox
      • HIV/AIDS
    • These diseases have had significant impacts on human history and continue to affect populations today

    Antibiotic Resistance

    • Antibiotic resistance occurs when bacteria develop ways to resist the effects of antibiotics
    • Antibiotic resistance is often caused by over-treatment of humans and farm animals with antibiotics
    • Antibiotic resistance can lead to the development of "Superbugs" that are resistant to multiple antibiotics

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    Description

    This quiz covers the basics of microbiology, including cell structures, infection control methods, and potential risks. It also reviews anatomy and concepts related to microbiology.

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